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Process of operating system

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International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences
International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences

if you want a discription about Process in operating system and Computer Architecture then this presntation will help you.

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Process Ateeq zada khan 03002121899
What is a Process? • A process is a program during execution. • A process is the basic unit of execution in an operating system. • Different processes may run different instances of the same program. • At a minimum, process execution requires following resources: • Memory to contain the program code and data. • A set of CPU registers to support execution.
Process Creation • The OS builds a data structure to manage the process. • Traditionally, the OS created all processes • But it can be useful to let a running process create another. • This action is called process spawning • Parent Process is the original, creating process. • Child Process is the new process.
Process Termination • There must be some way that a process can indicate completion. • This indication may be: • A HALT instruction generating an interrupt alert to the OS. • A user action (e.g. log off, quitting an application) • A fault or error • Parent process terminating
Process Life Cycle • Processes are always either executing, waiting to execute or blocked waiting for an event to occur. • As a process executes, it changes state: • • • • • new: The process is being created. running: Instructions are being executed. waiting: The process is waiting for some event to occur. ready: The process is waiting to be assigned to a processor terminated: The process has finished execution.
Five State Process Model
Two Queues Diagram
Multiple Blocked Queues
Suspended Processes • Processor is faster than I/O so all processes could be waiting for I/O device. • Swap these processes to disk to free up more memory and use processor on more processes.. • Blocked state becomes suspend state when swapped to disk. • Two new states • Blocked/Suspend • Ready/Suspend
One Suspend State
Two Suspend States
Reasons • Swapping: • The OS need to make space for execute the process that in ready state. • OS Reason: • Operating system suspects the process faulty or causing a problem.
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Process of operating system

  • 2. What is a Process? • A process is a program during execution. • A process is the basic unit of execution in an operating system. • Different processes may run different instances of the same program. • At a minimum, process execution requires following resources: • Memory to contain the program code and data. • A set of CPU registers to support execution.
  • 3. Process Creation • The OS builds a data structure to manage the process. • Traditionally, the OS created all processes • But it can be useful to let a running process create another. • This action is called process spawning • Parent Process is the original, creating process. • Child Process is the new process.
  • 4. Process Termination • There must be some way that a process can indicate completion. • This indication may be: • A HALT instruction generating an interrupt alert to the OS. • A user action (e.g. log off, quitting an application) • A fault or error • Parent process terminating
  • 5. Process Life Cycle • Processes are always either executing, waiting to execute or blocked waiting for an event to occur. • As a process executes, it changes state: • • • • • new: The process is being created. running: Instructions are being executed. waiting: The process is waiting for some event to occur. ready: The process is waiting to be assigned to a processor terminated: The process has finished execution.
  • 9. Suspended Processes • Processor is faster than I/O so all processes could be waiting for I/O device. • Swap these processes to disk to free up more memory and use processor on more processes.. • Blocked state becomes suspend state when swapped to disk. • Two new states • Blocked/Suspend • Ready/Suspend
  • 12. Reasons • Swapping: • The OS need to make space for execute the process that in ready state. • OS Reason: • Operating system suspects the process faulty or causing a problem.
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