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Market-Based Community
Economic Development
Presented toPresented to
J. McDonald Williams InstituteJ. McDonald Williams Institute
ByBy
Robert Weissbourd and Riccardo BodiniRobert Weissbourd and Riccardo Bodini
RW Ventures, LLCRW Ventures, LLC
October 23October 23rdrd
, 2006, 2006
CONTENTS
Applying the Framework: Retail Development
Market-Based Community Economic Development
Applying the Framework: Urban Financial Markets
Discussion
Origins: From “Equity” to … “Equity”
Putting thePutting the EconomicsEconomics in Economic Developmentin Economic Development
Civil RightsCivil Rights
EmpowermentEmpowerment
Economic Development:Economic Development: AssetsAssets
Economic Development:Economic Development: MarketsMarkets
Why Markets?
• To address poverty, create wealth
• Wealth is created by investing in
assets
• The economic mechanism for
investing in assets is the market
• To create wealth in low income
communities, expand market
activities to the assets of those
communities
Market Failure in
Lower Income Communities
PovertyPoverty ProductivityProductivity
ConnectednessConnectedness
IsolationIsolation
Market Failure in
Lower Income Communities
• Employment networks
• Entrepreneurial opportunities
• Business, real estate investment
• Expanded products and services
• Competitive, healthy communities
• Distressed neighborhoods have undervalued assets, reflecting lack of specialized marketDistressed neighborhoods have undervalued assets, reflecting lack of specialized market
intelligence and poor economic networksintelligence and poor economic networks
• Investment is function of profitability, risk and transaction costsInvestment is function of profitability, risk and transaction costs
• ““Seeing,” measuring, accessSeeing,” measuring, access  ValuingValuing  Market Activity and OpportunityMarket Activity and Opportunity
• Undervalued,Undervalued,
underutilized assetsunderutilized assets
PovertyPoverty ProductivityProductivity
ConnectednessConnectedness
IsolationIsolation
Overall Framework:
Enhancing Markets to Include LICs
Set Success
Metrics; Evaluate
Progress
Set Success
Metrics; Evaluate
Progress
Community
Economic
Development Goals
Community
Economic
Development Goals
Is There A Market
Solution?
Is There A Market
Solution?
Key Levers for
Affecting Market
Behavior
Key Levers for
Affecting Market
Behavior
Choose and
Implement CED
Strategy
Choose and
Implement CED
Strategy
Overall Framework:
Enhancing Markets to Include LICs
Goal:Goal:
Align Market and CEDAlign Market and CED
InterestsInterests
Strategy:Strategy:
• Analyze MarketAnalyze Market
• Target Market ComponentTarget Market Component
• Identify Change LeversIdentify Change Levers
Products and Activities:Products and Activities:
Choose operating activitiesChoose operating activities
to move leversto move levers
Set Success
Metrics; Evaluate
Progress
Set Success
Metrics; Evaluate
Progress
Community
Economic
Development Goals
Community
Economic
Development Goals
Is There A Market
Solution?
Is There A Market
Solution?
Key Levers for
Affecting Market
Behavior
Key Levers for
Affecting Market
Behavior
Choose and
Implement CED
Strategy
Choose and
Implement CED
Strategy
Goals: Aligning Markets and Development
Low AlignmentLow Alignment
High AlignmentHigh Alignment
MarketMarket
InterventionIntervention
Market solutionMarket solution
possible ifpossible if
marketmarket
operations andoperations and
environmentenvironment
changedchanged
through publicthrough public
policy andpolicy and
advocacyadvocacy
MarketMarket
RedefiningRedefining
Market solutionMarket solution
possible ifpossible if
marketmarket
operations andoperations and
marketmarket
environmentenvironment
changedchanged
through privatethrough private
activitiesactivities
Market RefiningMarket Refining
Market solutionMarket solution
possible withpossible with
new information,new information,
products orproducts or
networksnetworks
Pure MarketPure Market
Market solutionMarket solution
possible; marketpossible; market
alreadyalready
generates CEDgenerates CED
outcomesoutcomes
Non-MarketNon-Market
No marketNo market
solution; marketsolution; market
is not theis not the
appropriateappropriate
channelchannel
Market InterestsMarket Interests
CED GoalsCED Goals
Adapted from Kahane,Adapted from Kahane,
Weissbourd and WeiserWeissbourd and Weiser
Goals: Aligning Markets and Development
Low AlignmentLow Alignment
High AlignmentHigh Alignment
MarketMarket
InterventionIntervention
Market solutionMarket solution
possible ifpossible if
marketmarket
operations andoperations and
environmentenvironment
changedchanged
through publicthrough public
policy andpolicy and
advocacyadvocacy
MarketMarket
RedefiningRedefining
Market solutionMarket solution
possible ifpossible if
marketmarket
operations andoperations and
marketmarket
environmentenvironment
changedchanged
through privatethrough private
activitiesactivities
Market RefiningMarket Refining
Market solutionMarket solution
possible withpossible with
new information,new information,
products orproducts or
networksnetworks
Pure MarketPure Market
Market solutionMarket solution
possible; marketpossible; market
alreadyalready
generates CEDgenerates CED
outcomesoutcomes
Non-MarketNon-Market
No marketNo market
solution; marketsolution; market
is not theis not the
appropriateappropriate
channelchannel
Market InterestsMarket Interests
CED GoalsCED Goals
Adapted from Kahane,Adapted from Kahane,
Weissbourd and WeiserWeissbourd and Weiser
This step helps determine whether a market based developmentThis step helps determine whether a market based development
strategy makes sense, and begins analysis of what level of marketstrategy makes sense, and begins analysis of what level of market
activity to focus on…activity to focus on…
Make MarketMake Market
WorkWork
(Addressing(Addressing
InternalInternal
Imperfections)Imperfections)Change MarketChange Market
ParametersParameters
(Using Market(Using Market
Mechanisms)Mechanisms)
Change MarketChange Market
ParametersParameters
(Using Non-(Using Non-
marketmarket
Mechanisms)Mechanisms)
Vital Work –Vital Work –
but not CII!but not CII!
Market Works:Market Works:
CompanyCompany
profits whileprofits while
providing CEDproviding CED
impact.impact.
Other ExogenousOther Exogenous
Influences:Influences:
InfrastructureInfrastructure
Factors/ResourcesFactors/Resources
TechnologyTechnology
TastesTastes
Institutional Context:Institutional Context:
Enabling LawsEnabling Laws
Prescriptive RegulationPrescriptive Regulation
Entry BarriersEntry Barriers
Strategies: Identifying Key
Levels and Levers of Market Activity
ExchangeExchange
ProductionProduction ConsumptionConsumption
Level: Market EnvironmentLevel: Market Environment
ProductionProduction
FunctionsFunctions
Levers:Levers:
ProductivityProductivity
CostsCosts
ExchangeExchange
Levers:Levers:
Transaction Costs:Transaction Costs:
Finding costsFinding costs
Measurement costsMeasurement costs
ExchangeExchange
FunctionsFunctions
Levers:Levers:
TasteTaste
IncomeIncome
ConsumptionConsumption
FunctionsFunctions
Strategies: Identifying Key
Levels and Levers of Market Activity
Level: Market OperationsLevel: Market Operations
Information Resources are the
Modern Currency of Wealth Creation
• Who gets seen and servedWho gets seen and served
--specialized market knowledge &--specialized market knowledge &
customer accesscustomer access
• Who gets employedWho gets employed -- employment-- employment
networksnetworks
• What goods and services areWhat goods and services are
producedproduced – product and process– product and process
knowledge and controls, flexibleknowledge and controls, flexible
customization, financial risk andcustomization, financial risk and
transaction costtransaction cost
• Value CreationValue Creation -- Fed Ex (tracking-- Fed Ex (tracking
system); Sabre (reservationssystem); Sabre (reservations
system)system)
Information Determines:
0%
100%
200%
300%
400%
500%
600%
$s lbs
%Change
Gross Domestic Product
% Growth over last 50 years
Greenspan: Fundamental change
in the economy towards intangible
assets
• Finance
• Retail
• Employment
SpecializedSpecialized
products,products,
policypolicy
SpecializedSpecialized
products,products,
policypolicy
More Efficient,More Efficient,
Productive,Productive,
InclusiveInclusive
SystemsSystems
More Efficient,More Efficient,
Productive,Productive,
InclusiveInclusive
SystemsSystems
Target specificTarget specific
market levelsmarket levels
and leversand levers
Target specificTarget specific
market levelsmarket levels
and leversand levers
Identify CEDIdentify CED
goals andgoals and
relevantrelevant
marketsmarkets
Identify CEDIdentify CED
goals andgoals and
relevantrelevant
marketsmarkets
MainstreamMainstream
MarketsMarkets
MainstreamMainstream
MarketsMarkets
• Prod./Exchange Costs
• Market Intelligence
• Training, Transaction
Costs
• Payroll Cards
• Specialized IC Models
• Skills Certification,
Coordinated Networks
A Framework for Enhancing Markets
NeighborhoodNeighborhood
AssetsAssets
NeighborhoodNeighborhood
AssetsAssets
GoalsGoals StrategiesStrategies ActivitiesActivities
Adapted from Living Cities/BrookingsAdapted from Living Cities/Brookings
Example: Retail
• Goal: Commercial Development
• Market Operation: Exchange function
• Strategy: Reduce retailers’ finding costs
• Activity: Develop better data and models
to reveal demand and improve market
access in IC neighborhoods
• Example: MetroEdge
Bexar County, Median Income
Darker blue shades represent
areas with higher median
income.
Bexar County,
Concentrated Buying Power
Darker blue shades represent areas with higher
concentrated spending power ($ per sq. mile).
Spending as a Percent of Income
1995 Consumer Expenditure Survey
252%
140%
109%
87% 83%
66%
0%
100%
200%
300%
<$10K $10-20K $20-30K $40-50K $50-70K $70K+
Income Bracket
Income is NOT a Good
Indicator of Spending Power
Source: MetroEdgeSource: MetroEdge
1990 census data
0.00%
4.00%
8.00%
12.00%
16.00%
20.00%
<
$5000
$10,000
to
$12,499
$15,000
to
$17,499
$20,000
to
$22,499
$25,000
to
$27,499
$30,000
to
$32,499
$35,000
to
$37,499
$40,000
to
$42,499
$45,000
to
$47,499
$50,000
to
$54,999
$60,000
to
$74,999
$100,000
to
$124,999
>
$150,000
Household Income Category
%HouseholdsinCategory
CHICAGO
SOUTH SHORE
South Shore median
income = $25,100
South Shore has a lower proportion of the very wealthy and
a higher proportion of the very poor, but its solid middle
class looks much like anywhere else in the city.
Central Cities are
Diverse as well as Dense
Source: MetroEdgeSource: MetroEdge
Retail Float for Bexar County
New indicators were more significant than traditional ones in this
location model created to predict sales for a grocery chain.
Validating a New Approach
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
Percent African American
Percent Home Ownership
Median household Income
Private Co Data
Per Capita Exp on Dry Cleaning
Population Density
Concentrated Buying Power
Percent Using Credit Products
Median Housing Value
Avg Credit Balance
NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT
NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT
NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT
Standardized Coefficients
(Beta from LTS Multiple Regression on Sales Per Sq. Ft.)
New Data Predicts Sales Performance For Grocery Store Model
Source: MetroEdgeSource: MetroEdge
Example: Financial Services
• Goals
– Enable IC residents to build ownership assets (by expanding
financial and insurance services)
• Market Operation
– Production and Exchange functions
• Strategy
– Reduce producer’s underwriting costs; improve risk assesment
• Activity
– Reduce incompleteness and bias (esp. of credit scores) by
including additional information & improving models
• Example
– UIPI, CFSI
Market Snapshot
• As many as 39 million people, including 11 million
unregistered immigrants, are unbanked.
• Approximately 44.7 million people are underbanked
-19.4% of all households.
• The combined un- and underbanked populations may be
40 million households and $1.1 trillion in income.
• The average underserved household receives $27,500 in
income.
• Assuming the average household spends 1% of income on
basic financial services, the overall market is $11 billion.
Source: BearingPoint and Visa study (not including last bullet)
• 35-50 million Americans have thin or no credit files.
• Many of these consumers are demonstrating responsible
financial behavior but aren’t getting credit for it.
– Rent
– Utility bills
• Credit bureaus and lenders are beginning to experiment
with alternative data and scoring methods.
– Experian
– PRBC
– CircleLending
Process Improvements:
Alternative Credit Reporting/Scoring
– Remittances
– Payday loans
When viewed with a “lifetime value” lens, the needs of financial institutions and
underbanked customers can be aligned
The Credit Path
Alternatives Federal Credit Union
Financial institution viewCustomer view
•Investment products
•High margin lending
•Fee income
•Cheap deposits
•Consumer credit
•Savings
Closing the Gap: Creating Alignment
Market-Based Community
Economic Development
Presented toPresented to
J. McDonald Williams InstituteJ. McDonald Williams Institute
ByBy
Robert Weissbourd and Riccardo BodiniRobert Weissbourd and Riccardo Bodini
RW Ventures, LLCRW Ventures, LLC
October 23October 23rdrd
, 2006, 2006

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Market-Based Community Economic Development

  • 1. Market-Based Community Economic Development Presented toPresented to J. McDonald Williams InstituteJ. McDonald Williams Institute ByBy Robert Weissbourd and Riccardo BodiniRobert Weissbourd and Riccardo Bodini RW Ventures, LLCRW Ventures, LLC October 23October 23rdrd , 2006, 2006
  • 2. CONTENTS Applying the Framework: Retail Development Market-Based Community Economic Development Applying the Framework: Urban Financial Markets Discussion
  • 3. Origins: From “Equity” to … “Equity” Putting thePutting the EconomicsEconomics in Economic Developmentin Economic Development Civil RightsCivil Rights EmpowermentEmpowerment Economic Development:Economic Development: AssetsAssets Economic Development:Economic Development: MarketsMarkets
  • 4. Why Markets? • To address poverty, create wealth • Wealth is created by investing in assets • The economic mechanism for investing in assets is the market • To create wealth in low income communities, expand market activities to the assets of those communities
  • 5. Market Failure in Lower Income Communities PovertyPoverty ProductivityProductivity ConnectednessConnectedness IsolationIsolation
  • 6. Market Failure in Lower Income Communities • Employment networks • Entrepreneurial opportunities • Business, real estate investment • Expanded products and services • Competitive, healthy communities • Distressed neighborhoods have undervalued assets, reflecting lack of specialized marketDistressed neighborhoods have undervalued assets, reflecting lack of specialized market intelligence and poor economic networksintelligence and poor economic networks • Investment is function of profitability, risk and transaction costsInvestment is function of profitability, risk and transaction costs • ““Seeing,” measuring, accessSeeing,” measuring, access  ValuingValuing  Market Activity and OpportunityMarket Activity and Opportunity • Undervalued,Undervalued, underutilized assetsunderutilized assets PovertyPoverty ProductivityProductivity ConnectednessConnectedness IsolationIsolation
  • 7. Overall Framework: Enhancing Markets to Include LICs Set Success Metrics; Evaluate Progress Set Success Metrics; Evaluate Progress Community Economic Development Goals Community Economic Development Goals Is There A Market Solution? Is There A Market Solution? Key Levers for Affecting Market Behavior Key Levers for Affecting Market Behavior Choose and Implement CED Strategy Choose and Implement CED Strategy
  • 8. Overall Framework: Enhancing Markets to Include LICs Goal:Goal: Align Market and CEDAlign Market and CED InterestsInterests Strategy:Strategy: • Analyze MarketAnalyze Market • Target Market ComponentTarget Market Component • Identify Change LeversIdentify Change Levers Products and Activities:Products and Activities: Choose operating activitiesChoose operating activities to move leversto move levers Set Success Metrics; Evaluate Progress Set Success Metrics; Evaluate Progress Community Economic Development Goals Community Economic Development Goals Is There A Market Solution? Is There A Market Solution? Key Levers for Affecting Market Behavior Key Levers for Affecting Market Behavior Choose and Implement CED Strategy Choose and Implement CED Strategy
  • 9. Goals: Aligning Markets and Development Low AlignmentLow Alignment High AlignmentHigh Alignment MarketMarket InterventionIntervention Market solutionMarket solution possible ifpossible if marketmarket operations andoperations and environmentenvironment changedchanged through publicthrough public policy andpolicy and advocacyadvocacy MarketMarket RedefiningRedefining Market solutionMarket solution possible ifpossible if marketmarket operations andoperations and marketmarket environmentenvironment changedchanged through privatethrough private activitiesactivities Market RefiningMarket Refining Market solutionMarket solution possible withpossible with new information,new information, products orproducts or networksnetworks Pure MarketPure Market Market solutionMarket solution possible; marketpossible; market alreadyalready generates CEDgenerates CED outcomesoutcomes Non-MarketNon-Market No marketNo market solution; marketsolution; market is not theis not the appropriateappropriate channelchannel Market InterestsMarket Interests CED GoalsCED Goals Adapted from Kahane,Adapted from Kahane, Weissbourd and WeiserWeissbourd and Weiser
  • 10. Goals: Aligning Markets and Development Low AlignmentLow Alignment High AlignmentHigh Alignment MarketMarket InterventionIntervention Market solutionMarket solution possible ifpossible if marketmarket operations andoperations and environmentenvironment changedchanged through publicthrough public policy andpolicy and advocacyadvocacy MarketMarket RedefiningRedefining Market solutionMarket solution possible ifpossible if marketmarket operations andoperations and marketmarket environmentenvironment changedchanged through privatethrough private activitiesactivities Market RefiningMarket Refining Market solutionMarket solution possible withpossible with new information,new information, products orproducts or networksnetworks Pure MarketPure Market Market solutionMarket solution possible; marketpossible; market alreadyalready generates CEDgenerates CED outcomesoutcomes Non-MarketNon-Market No marketNo market solution; marketsolution; market is not theis not the appropriateappropriate channelchannel Market InterestsMarket Interests CED GoalsCED Goals Adapted from Kahane,Adapted from Kahane, Weissbourd and WeiserWeissbourd and Weiser This step helps determine whether a market based developmentThis step helps determine whether a market based development strategy makes sense, and begins analysis of what level of marketstrategy makes sense, and begins analysis of what level of market activity to focus on…activity to focus on… Make MarketMake Market WorkWork (Addressing(Addressing InternalInternal Imperfections)Imperfections)Change MarketChange Market ParametersParameters (Using Market(Using Market Mechanisms)Mechanisms) Change MarketChange Market ParametersParameters (Using Non-(Using Non- marketmarket Mechanisms)Mechanisms) Vital Work –Vital Work – but not CII!but not CII! Market Works:Market Works: CompanyCompany profits whileprofits while providing CEDproviding CED impact.impact.
  • 11. Other ExogenousOther Exogenous Influences:Influences: InfrastructureInfrastructure Factors/ResourcesFactors/Resources TechnologyTechnology TastesTastes Institutional Context:Institutional Context: Enabling LawsEnabling Laws Prescriptive RegulationPrescriptive Regulation Entry BarriersEntry Barriers Strategies: Identifying Key Levels and Levers of Market Activity ExchangeExchange ProductionProduction ConsumptionConsumption Level: Market EnvironmentLevel: Market Environment
  • 12. ProductionProduction FunctionsFunctions Levers:Levers: ProductivityProductivity CostsCosts ExchangeExchange Levers:Levers: Transaction Costs:Transaction Costs: Finding costsFinding costs Measurement costsMeasurement costs ExchangeExchange FunctionsFunctions Levers:Levers: TasteTaste IncomeIncome ConsumptionConsumption FunctionsFunctions Strategies: Identifying Key Levels and Levers of Market Activity Level: Market OperationsLevel: Market Operations
  • 13. Information Resources are the Modern Currency of Wealth Creation • Who gets seen and servedWho gets seen and served --specialized market knowledge &--specialized market knowledge & customer accesscustomer access • Who gets employedWho gets employed -- employment-- employment networksnetworks • What goods and services areWhat goods and services are producedproduced – product and process– product and process knowledge and controls, flexibleknowledge and controls, flexible customization, financial risk andcustomization, financial risk and transaction costtransaction cost • Value CreationValue Creation -- Fed Ex (tracking-- Fed Ex (tracking system); Sabre (reservationssystem); Sabre (reservations system)system) Information Determines: 0% 100% 200% 300% 400% 500% 600% $s lbs %Change Gross Domestic Product % Growth over last 50 years Greenspan: Fundamental change in the economy towards intangible assets
  • 14. • Finance • Retail • Employment SpecializedSpecialized products,products, policypolicy SpecializedSpecialized products,products, policypolicy More Efficient,More Efficient, Productive,Productive, InclusiveInclusive SystemsSystems More Efficient,More Efficient, Productive,Productive, InclusiveInclusive SystemsSystems Target specificTarget specific market levelsmarket levels and leversand levers Target specificTarget specific market levelsmarket levels and leversand levers Identify CEDIdentify CED goals andgoals and relevantrelevant marketsmarkets Identify CEDIdentify CED goals andgoals and relevantrelevant marketsmarkets MainstreamMainstream MarketsMarkets MainstreamMainstream MarketsMarkets • Prod./Exchange Costs • Market Intelligence • Training, Transaction Costs • Payroll Cards • Specialized IC Models • Skills Certification, Coordinated Networks A Framework for Enhancing Markets NeighborhoodNeighborhood AssetsAssets NeighborhoodNeighborhood AssetsAssets GoalsGoals StrategiesStrategies ActivitiesActivities Adapted from Living Cities/BrookingsAdapted from Living Cities/Brookings
  • 15. Example: Retail • Goal: Commercial Development • Market Operation: Exchange function • Strategy: Reduce retailers’ finding costs • Activity: Develop better data and models to reveal demand and improve market access in IC neighborhoods • Example: MetroEdge
  • 16. Bexar County, Median Income Darker blue shades represent areas with higher median income.
  • 17. Bexar County, Concentrated Buying Power Darker blue shades represent areas with higher concentrated spending power ($ per sq. mile).
  • 18. Spending as a Percent of Income 1995 Consumer Expenditure Survey 252% 140% 109% 87% 83% 66% 0% 100% 200% 300% <$10K $10-20K $20-30K $40-50K $50-70K $70K+ Income Bracket Income is NOT a Good Indicator of Spending Power Source: MetroEdgeSource: MetroEdge
  • 19. 1990 census data 0.00% 4.00% 8.00% 12.00% 16.00% 20.00% < $5000 $10,000 to $12,499 $15,000 to $17,499 $20,000 to $22,499 $25,000 to $27,499 $30,000 to $32,499 $35,000 to $37,499 $40,000 to $42,499 $45,000 to $47,499 $50,000 to $54,999 $60,000 to $74,999 $100,000 to $124,999 > $150,000 Household Income Category %HouseholdsinCategory CHICAGO SOUTH SHORE South Shore median income = $25,100 South Shore has a lower proportion of the very wealthy and a higher proportion of the very poor, but its solid middle class looks much like anywhere else in the city. Central Cities are Diverse as well as Dense Source: MetroEdgeSource: MetroEdge
  • 20. Retail Float for Bexar County
  • 21. New indicators were more significant than traditional ones in this location model created to predict sales for a grocery chain. Validating a New Approach 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 Percent African American Percent Home Ownership Median household Income Private Co Data Per Capita Exp on Dry Cleaning Population Density Concentrated Buying Power Percent Using Credit Products Median Housing Value Avg Credit Balance NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT Standardized Coefficients (Beta from LTS Multiple Regression on Sales Per Sq. Ft.) New Data Predicts Sales Performance For Grocery Store Model Source: MetroEdgeSource: MetroEdge
  • 22. Example: Financial Services • Goals – Enable IC residents to build ownership assets (by expanding financial and insurance services) • Market Operation – Production and Exchange functions • Strategy – Reduce producer’s underwriting costs; improve risk assesment • Activity – Reduce incompleteness and bias (esp. of credit scores) by including additional information & improving models • Example – UIPI, CFSI
  • 23. Market Snapshot • As many as 39 million people, including 11 million unregistered immigrants, are unbanked. • Approximately 44.7 million people are underbanked -19.4% of all households. • The combined un- and underbanked populations may be 40 million households and $1.1 trillion in income. • The average underserved household receives $27,500 in income. • Assuming the average household spends 1% of income on basic financial services, the overall market is $11 billion. Source: BearingPoint and Visa study (not including last bullet)
  • 24. • 35-50 million Americans have thin or no credit files. • Many of these consumers are demonstrating responsible financial behavior but aren’t getting credit for it. – Rent – Utility bills • Credit bureaus and lenders are beginning to experiment with alternative data and scoring methods. – Experian – PRBC – CircleLending Process Improvements: Alternative Credit Reporting/Scoring – Remittances – Payday loans
  • 25. When viewed with a “lifetime value” lens, the needs of financial institutions and underbanked customers can be aligned The Credit Path Alternatives Federal Credit Union Financial institution viewCustomer view •Investment products •High margin lending •Fee income •Cheap deposits •Consumer credit •Savings Closing the Gap: Creating Alignment
  • 26. Market-Based Community Economic Development Presented toPresented to J. McDonald Williams InstituteJ. McDonald Williams Institute ByBy Robert Weissbourd and Riccardo BodiniRobert Weissbourd and Riccardo Bodini RW Ventures, LLCRW Ventures, LLC October 23October 23rdrd , 2006, 2006
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