Gold is a soft, bright yellow metal that is one of the most valuable elements. It occurs naturally in rocks and alluvial deposits. Some key points: - Gold is highly malleable and ductile and is unaffected by air and water. It is used for jewelry, coins, electronics, and other applications. - It is found throughout the world, though rarely, and is often mixed with other metals like silver. Major producers include South America, Australia, and the United States. - Gold is extracted from rocks and gravel deposits through techniques like panning, hydraulic mining, and dredging. It can also be extracted using mercury or cyanide processes.