Exception handling in C# involves using try, catch, and finally blocks. The try block contains code that might throw exceptions, the catch block handles any exceptions, and finally contains cleanup code. There are different types of exceptions like OutOfMemoryException and DivideByZeroException. Exceptions can be handled by showing error messages, logging exceptions, or throwing custom exceptions for business rule violations.
The document discusses exceptions handling in .NET. It defines exceptions as objects that deliver a powerful mechanism for centralized handling of errors and unusual events. It describes how exceptions can be handled using try-catch blocks, and how finally blocks ensure code execution regardless of exceptions. It also covers the Exception class hierarchy, throwing exceptions with the throw keyword, and best practices like ordering catch blocks and avoiding exceptions for normal flow control.
This document discusses exception handling in Java. It defines exceptions as abnormal conditions that disrupt normal program flow. Exception handling allows programs to gracefully handle runtime errors. The key aspects covered include the exception hierarchy, try-catch-finally syntax, checked and unchecked exceptions, and creating user-defined exceptions.
This document discusses exception handling in Java. It defines exceptions as events that disrupt normal program flow. It describes try/catch blocks for handling exceptions and lists advantages like separating error handling code. It discusses different exception types like checked exceptions that must be declared, unchecked exceptions for logic errors, and Errors for JVM problems. It provides best practices like throwing exceptions for broken contracts and guidelines for when to catch exceptions. It also describes antipatterns to avoid, like catching generic exceptions, and exception logging and chaining techniques.
The document discusses exception handling in Java, including what exceptions are, the exception hierarchy, different types of exceptions, and how to handle exceptions using try, catch, throws, and finally. It also covers creating custom exceptions and methods for working with exceptions inherited from the Throwable class. The presentation covers exception concepts and best practices for anticipating, handling, and throwing exceptions in Java code.
An exception is a problem that arises during program execution and can occur for reasons such as invalid user input, unavailable files, or lost network connections. Exceptions are categorized as checked exceptions which cannot be ignored, runtime exceptions which could have been avoided, or errors beyond the user's or programmer's control. The document further describes how to define, throw, catch, and handle exceptions in Java code using try/catch blocks and by declaring exceptions in method signatures.
Interfaces are reference types that define a contract that other classes can implement. Interfaces cannot contain fields or constructors, and all members are implicitly public and abstract. A class can implement multiple interfaces, allowing it to inherit functionality from different sources, while only being able to inherit from one base class. Explicit interface implementation allows a class to implement the same method signature defined in multiple interfaces to avoid name collisions.
Super keyword is a reference variable that is used for refer parent class object. Super keyword is used in java at three level, at variable level, at method level and at constructor level.
The document discusses exceptions handling in .NET. It defines exceptions as objects that deliver a powerful mechanism for centralized handling of errors and unusual events. It describes how exceptions can be handled using try-catch blocks, and how finally blocks ensure code execution regardless of exceptions. It also covers the Exception class hierarchy, throwing exceptions with the throw keyword, and best practices like ordering catch blocks and avoiding exceptions for normal flow control.
This document discusses exception handling in Java. It defines exceptions as abnormal conditions that disrupt normal program flow. Exception handling allows programs to gracefully handle runtime errors. The key aspects covered include the exception hierarchy, try-catch-finally syntax, checked and unchecked exceptions, and creating user-defined exceptions.
This document discusses exception handling in Java. It defines exceptions as events that disrupt normal program flow. It describes try/catch blocks for handling exceptions and lists advantages like separating error handling code. It discusses different exception types like checked exceptions that must be declared, unchecked exceptions for logic errors, and Errors for JVM problems. It provides best practices like throwing exceptions for broken contracts and guidelines for when to catch exceptions. It also describes antipatterns to avoid, like catching generic exceptions, and exception logging and chaining techniques.
The document discusses exception handling in Java, including what exceptions are, the exception hierarchy, different types of exceptions, and how to handle exceptions using try, catch, throws, and finally. It also covers creating custom exceptions and methods for working with exceptions inherited from the Throwable class. The presentation covers exception concepts and best practices for anticipating, handling, and throwing exceptions in Java code.
An exception is a problem that arises during program execution and can occur for reasons such as invalid user input, unavailable files, or lost network connections. Exceptions are categorized as checked exceptions which cannot be ignored, runtime exceptions which could have been avoided, or errors beyond the user's or programmer's control. The document further describes how to define, throw, catch, and handle exceptions in Java code using try/catch blocks and by declaring exceptions in method signatures.
Interfaces are reference types that define a contract that other classes can implement. Interfaces cannot contain fields or constructors, and all members are implicitly public and abstract. A class can implement multiple interfaces, allowing it to inherit functionality from different sources, while only being able to inherit from one base class. Explicit interface implementation allows a class to implement the same method signature defined in multiple interfaces to avoid name collisions.
Super keyword is a reference variable that is used for refer parent class object. Super keyword is used in java at three level, at variable level, at method level and at constructor level.
- Java threads allow for multithreaded and parallel execution where different parts of a program can run simultaneously.
- There are two main ways to create a Java thread: extending the Thread class or implementing the Runnable interface.
- To start a thread, its start() method must be called rather than run(). Calling run() results in serial execution rather than parallel execution of threads.
- Synchronized methods use intrinsic locks on objects to allow only one thread to execute synchronized code at a time, preventing race conditions when accessing shared resources.
This document discusses JavaScript events and event listeners. It begins with an introduction that defines events as notifications that specific actions occurred, like user or browser actions. Event handlers are scripts that are executed in response to events. Events can be used to trigger JavaScript code that responds to user interactions. The document then provides examples of common event types like onclick, onsubmit, onmouseover, onmouseout, focus, and blur. It also discusses how to add and remove event listeners using addEventListener() and removeEventListener() methods. The document concludes with an example demonstrating how events can be used to change an HTML element in response to user clicks.
Exceptions are runtime errors that a program may encounter. There are two types: synchronous from faults in input data, and asynchronous from external events. Exception handling uses try, throw, and catch keywords. Code that may cause exceptions is placed in a try block. When an exception occurs it is thrown, and the catch block handles it to prevent program termination. Multiple catch blocks can handle different exception types, and a catch-all block uses ellipses to catch any exception.
An interface defines a contract that specifies functionality without implementation. It defines a set of methods that classes implement. Interfaces allow for multiple inheritance by allowing a class to implement multiple interfaces. Interfaces cannot contain data members, constructors, destructors, or static members. Both interfaces and abstract classes cannot be instantiated but interfaces only define method signatures while abstract classes can contain implementations. A class implements an interface by listing the interface name after the class name and providing implementations for all interface methods.
Java does not support multiple inheritance through classes but does support multiple inheritance through interfaces. The document discusses inheritance, provides an example of single inheritance in Java, and defines multiple inheritance. It then discusses why Java does not support multiple inheritance through classes due to the "diamond problem". The document explains that Java supports multiple inheritance through interfaces by allowing interfaces to define default methods from Java 8 onwards, providing an example. It also discusses how the "diamond problem" can be resolved while using multiple inheritance through interfaces in Java.
This document provides an overview of the Java Collections Framework. It discusses core collection interfaces like List, Set, and Map and their common implementations like ArrayList, HashSet, and HashMap. It also covers sorting collections with Comparable and Comparator, searching collections with binary search, and using utility methods in the Collections class. Examples are provided to illustrate usage of various collection classes and methods.
The document discusses Java wrapper classes. Wrapper classes wrap primitive data types like int, double, boolean in objects. This allows primitive types to be used like objects. The main wrapper classes are Byte, Short, Integer, Long, Character, Boolean, Double, Float. They provide methods to convert between primitive types and their wrapper objects. Constructors take primitive values or strings to create wrapper objects. Methods like parseInt() convert strings to primitive types.
This document discusses Java collections framework and various collection classes like ArrayList, LinkedList, HashSet, HashMap etc. It provides definitions and examples of commonly used collection interfaces like List, Set and Map. It explains key features of different collection classes like order, duplicates allowed, synchronization etc. Iterators and generic types are also covered with examples to iterate and create typed collection classes.
The document discusses various event handling classes in Java including ActionEvent, KeyEvent, MouseEvent, MouseMotionEvent, FocusEvent, WindowEvent, and ItemEvent. It provides examples of how to use each event class by implementing the appropriate listener interface and defining event handling methods. Key points covered include common event handling terms like event, event source, and event listener. It also summarizes the typical methods provided by each event class.
Static Data Members and Member FunctionsMOHIT AGARWAL
Static data members and static member functions in C++ classes are shared by all objects of that class. Static data members are initialized to zero when the first object is created and shared across all instances, while static member functions can only access other static members and are called using the class name and scope resolution operator. The example program demonstrates a class with a static data member "count" that is incremented and accessed by multiple objects to assign increasing code values, and a static member function "showcount" that prints the shared count value.
The document discusses exception handling in Java. It defines exceptions as abnormal conditions that arise during runtime and disrupt normal program flow. There are three types of exceptions: checked exceptions which must be declared, unchecked exceptions which do not need to be declared, and errors which are rare and cannot be recovered from. The try, catch, and finally blocks are used to handle exceptions, with catch blocks handling specific exception types and finally blocks containing cleanup code.
The document discusses structures and unions in C programming. It begins by explaining why structures are used to group logically related data items of different types. It then defines a structure as a collection of one or more variables of different types grouped under a single name. The key aspects covered include:
- How to create a structure using the struct keyword and define members
- Declaring structure variables and initializing structure members
- Accessing structure members using dot operator
- Nested structures and arrays of structures
- Memory organization and copying of structure variables
- Unions share the same memory location for members unlike structures
The document provides examples to demonstrate defining structures and unions, declaring variables, initializing and accessing members, and comparing structures and
What is an Array?
Array are the homogeneous(similar) collection of data types.
Array Size remains same once created.
Simple Declaration format for creating an array
type [ ] identifier = new type [integral value];
This document discusses classes, objects, and methods in Java. It defines a class as a user-defined data type that contains fields and methods. Objects are instances of classes that allocate memory at runtime. Methods define behaviors for objects and are declared within classes. The document covers defining classes, creating objects, accessing members, constructors, method overloading and overriding, static members, passing objects as parameters, recursion, and visibility control.
This document discusses templates in C++. Templates allow functions and classes to work with multiple data types without writing separate code for each type. There are two types of templates: class templates, which define a family of classes that operate on different data types, and function templates, which define a family of functions that can accept different data types as arguments. Examples of each template type are provided to demonstrate how they can be used to create reusable and flexible code.
The document discusses exception handling in C++. It defines exceptions as conditions that occur during execution and prevent normal program continuation. Exception handling involves trying blocks of code that may throw exceptions, throwing exceptions when errors occur, and catching exceptions in handler blocks to deal with the errors. The key aspects of exception handling are try blocks for code that can throw, throw statements to indicate exceptions, and catch blocks that match exception types to handle them.
The document discusses exception handling in Java. It defines exceptions as runtime errors that occur during program execution. It describes different types of exceptions like checked exceptions and unchecked exceptions. It explains how to use try, catch, throw, throws and finally keywords to handle exceptions. The try block contains code that might throw exceptions. The catch block catches and handles specific exceptions. The finally block contains cleanup code that always executes regardless of exceptions. The document provides examples of exception handling code in Java.
C# is a component-oriented programming language that builds on the .NET framework. It has a familiar C-like syntax that is easy for developers familiar with C, C++, Java, and Visual Basic to adopt. C# is fully object-oriented and optimized for building .NET applications. Everything in C# belongs to a class, with basic data types including integers, floats, booleans, characters, and strings. C# supports common programming constructs like variables, conditional statements, loops, methods, and classes. C# can be easily combined with ASP.NET for building web applications in a powerful, fast, and high-level way.
Introduction to method overloading & method overriding in java hdmHarshal Misalkar
This document introduces method overloading and method overriding in Java. Method overloading allows a class to have multiple methods with the same name but different parameters. It increases readability. Method overriding allows a subclass to provide a specific implementation of a method declared in the parent class. It is used for runtime polymorphism where the method being called is determined by the object type. The document provides examples of method overloading by changing number/type of arguments and of method overriding where the subclass overrides the parent's display method.
- An error occurred during program execution that resulted in abnormal termination and wrong execution results.
- There are three main ways to handle exceptions in ASP.NET: using try-catch blocks, error events, and custom error pages.
- Try-catch blocks allow catching and handling specific exceptions, error events handle errors at the page and application level, and custom error pages display for all unhandled errors.
This document discusses exception handling in Java. It covers the key concepts of exceptions and errors, stack traces, checked and unchecked exceptions, try-catch-finally blocks, try with resources, multiple exceptions in a single catch, and advantages of exception handling like maintaining normal program flow. It also discusses custom exceptions by subclassing the Exception class.
- Java threads allow for multithreaded and parallel execution where different parts of a program can run simultaneously.
- There are two main ways to create a Java thread: extending the Thread class or implementing the Runnable interface.
- To start a thread, its start() method must be called rather than run(). Calling run() results in serial execution rather than parallel execution of threads.
- Synchronized methods use intrinsic locks on objects to allow only one thread to execute synchronized code at a time, preventing race conditions when accessing shared resources.
This document discusses JavaScript events and event listeners. It begins with an introduction that defines events as notifications that specific actions occurred, like user or browser actions. Event handlers are scripts that are executed in response to events. Events can be used to trigger JavaScript code that responds to user interactions. The document then provides examples of common event types like onclick, onsubmit, onmouseover, onmouseout, focus, and blur. It also discusses how to add and remove event listeners using addEventListener() and removeEventListener() methods. The document concludes with an example demonstrating how events can be used to change an HTML element in response to user clicks.
Exceptions are runtime errors that a program may encounter. There are two types: synchronous from faults in input data, and asynchronous from external events. Exception handling uses try, throw, and catch keywords. Code that may cause exceptions is placed in a try block. When an exception occurs it is thrown, and the catch block handles it to prevent program termination. Multiple catch blocks can handle different exception types, and a catch-all block uses ellipses to catch any exception.
An interface defines a contract that specifies functionality without implementation. It defines a set of methods that classes implement. Interfaces allow for multiple inheritance by allowing a class to implement multiple interfaces. Interfaces cannot contain data members, constructors, destructors, or static members. Both interfaces and abstract classes cannot be instantiated but interfaces only define method signatures while abstract classes can contain implementations. A class implements an interface by listing the interface name after the class name and providing implementations for all interface methods.
Java does not support multiple inheritance through classes but does support multiple inheritance through interfaces. The document discusses inheritance, provides an example of single inheritance in Java, and defines multiple inheritance. It then discusses why Java does not support multiple inheritance through classes due to the "diamond problem". The document explains that Java supports multiple inheritance through interfaces by allowing interfaces to define default methods from Java 8 onwards, providing an example. It also discusses how the "diamond problem" can be resolved while using multiple inheritance through interfaces in Java.
This document provides an overview of the Java Collections Framework. It discusses core collection interfaces like List, Set, and Map and their common implementations like ArrayList, HashSet, and HashMap. It also covers sorting collections with Comparable and Comparator, searching collections with binary search, and using utility methods in the Collections class. Examples are provided to illustrate usage of various collection classes and methods.
The document discusses Java wrapper classes. Wrapper classes wrap primitive data types like int, double, boolean in objects. This allows primitive types to be used like objects. The main wrapper classes are Byte, Short, Integer, Long, Character, Boolean, Double, Float. They provide methods to convert between primitive types and their wrapper objects. Constructors take primitive values or strings to create wrapper objects. Methods like parseInt() convert strings to primitive types.
This document discusses Java collections framework and various collection classes like ArrayList, LinkedList, HashSet, HashMap etc. It provides definitions and examples of commonly used collection interfaces like List, Set and Map. It explains key features of different collection classes like order, duplicates allowed, synchronization etc. Iterators and generic types are also covered with examples to iterate and create typed collection classes.
The document discusses various event handling classes in Java including ActionEvent, KeyEvent, MouseEvent, MouseMotionEvent, FocusEvent, WindowEvent, and ItemEvent. It provides examples of how to use each event class by implementing the appropriate listener interface and defining event handling methods. Key points covered include common event handling terms like event, event source, and event listener. It also summarizes the typical methods provided by each event class.
Static Data Members and Member FunctionsMOHIT AGARWAL
Static data members and static member functions in C++ classes are shared by all objects of that class. Static data members are initialized to zero when the first object is created and shared across all instances, while static member functions can only access other static members and are called using the class name and scope resolution operator. The example program demonstrates a class with a static data member "count" that is incremented and accessed by multiple objects to assign increasing code values, and a static member function "showcount" that prints the shared count value.
The document discusses exception handling in Java. It defines exceptions as abnormal conditions that arise during runtime and disrupt normal program flow. There are three types of exceptions: checked exceptions which must be declared, unchecked exceptions which do not need to be declared, and errors which are rare and cannot be recovered from. The try, catch, and finally blocks are used to handle exceptions, with catch blocks handling specific exception types and finally blocks containing cleanup code.
The document discusses structures and unions in C programming. It begins by explaining why structures are used to group logically related data items of different types. It then defines a structure as a collection of one or more variables of different types grouped under a single name. The key aspects covered include:
- How to create a structure using the struct keyword and define members
- Declaring structure variables and initializing structure members
- Accessing structure members using dot operator
- Nested structures and arrays of structures
- Memory organization and copying of structure variables
- Unions share the same memory location for members unlike structures
The document provides examples to demonstrate defining structures and unions, declaring variables, initializing and accessing members, and comparing structures and
What is an Array?
Array are the homogeneous(similar) collection of data types.
Array Size remains same once created.
Simple Declaration format for creating an array
type [ ] identifier = new type [integral value];
This document discusses classes, objects, and methods in Java. It defines a class as a user-defined data type that contains fields and methods. Objects are instances of classes that allocate memory at runtime. Methods define behaviors for objects and are declared within classes. The document covers defining classes, creating objects, accessing members, constructors, method overloading and overriding, static members, passing objects as parameters, recursion, and visibility control.
This document discusses templates in C++. Templates allow functions and classes to work with multiple data types without writing separate code for each type. There are two types of templates: class templates, which define a family of classes that operate on different data types, and function templates, which define a family of functions that can accept different data types as arguments. Examples of each template type are provided to demonstrate how they can be used to create reusable and flexible code.
The document discusses exception handling in C++. It defines exceptions as conditions that occur during execution and prevent normal program continuation. Exception handling involves trying blocks of code that may throw exceptions, throwing exceptions when errors occur, and catching exceptions in handler blocks to deal with the errors. The key aspects of exception handling are try blocks for code that can throw, throw statements to indicate exceptions, and catch blocks that match exception types to handle them.
The document discusses exception handling in Java. It defines exceptions as runtime errors that occur during program execution. It describes different types of exceptions like checked exceptions and unchecked exceptions. It explains how to use try, catch, throw, throws and finally keywords to handle exceptions. The try block contains code that might throw exceptions. The catch block catches and handles specific exceptions. The finally block contains cleanup code that always executes regardless of exceptions. The document provides examples of exception handling code in Java.
C# is a component-oriented programming language that builds on the .NET framework. It has a familiar C-like syntax that is easy for developers familiar with C, C++, Java, and Visual Basic to adopt. C# is fully object-oriented and optimized for building .NET applications. Everything in C# belongs to a class, with basic data types including integers, floats, booleans, characters, and strings. C# supports common programming constructs like variables, conditional statements, loops, methods, and classes. C# can be easily combined with ASP.NET for building web applications in a powerful, fast, and high-level way.
Introduction to method overloading & method overriding in java hdmHarshal Misalkar
This document introduces method overloading and method overriding in Java. Method overloading allows a class to have multiple methods with the same name but different parameters. It increases readability. Method overriding allows a subclass to provide a specific implementation of a method declared in the parent class. It is used for runtime polymorphism where the method being called is determined by the object type. The document provides examples of method overloading by changing number/type of arguments and of method overriding where the subclass overrides the parent's display method.
- An error occurred during program execution that resulted in abnormal termination and wrong execution results.
- There are three main ways to handle exceptions in ASP.NET: using try-catch blocks, error events, and custom error pages.
- Try-catch blocks allow catching and handling specific exceptions, error events handle errors at the page and application level, and custom error pages display for all unhandled errors.
This document discusses exception handling in Java. It covers the key concepts of exceptions and errors, stack traces, checked and unchecked exceptions, try-catch-finally blocks, try with resources, multiple exceptions in a single catch, and advantages of exception handling like maintaining normal program flow. It also discusses custom exceptions by subclassing the Exception class.
This document discusses error handling in ASP.NET. It explains what exceptions are and the disadvantages of unhandled exceptions. It introduces try-catch blocks to handle exceptions, and shows examples of handling different types of exceptions like FileNotFound and unauthorized access. It also discusses ASP.NET error events like Page_Error and Application_Error to handle exceptions at the page and application level respectively. The document is intended to help trainees learn about exception handling in ASP.NET applications.
This document discusses ASP.NET handlers and modules. It provides an overview of how requests are processed in IIS and ASP.NET, including how machine.config and web.config files configure handlers. It describes how HTTP handlers provide extension-based preprocessing while HTTP modules enable event-based preprocessing. Finally, it compares synchronous vs asynchronous processing, virtual file providers, modules vs using global.asax, and important HTTP module events.
1. The document discusses creating threads using the Runnable interface in Java.
2. The Runnable interface contains only the run() method, which is implemented by classes that want instances to run as threads.
3. To create a thread using Runnable, a Thread object is instantiated and passed the Runnable target, or the Thread object can be instantiated within the Runnable class's constructor.
The document discusses exception handling in Java. It begins by defining what errors and exceptions are, and how traditional error handling works. It then explains how exception handling in Java works using keywords like try, catch, throw, throws and finally. The document discusses checked and unchecked exceptions, common Java exceptions, how to define custom exceptions, and rethrowing exceptions. It notes advantages of exceptions like separating error handling code and propagating errors up the call stack.
The document discusses access protection and access modifiers in Java. It explains the different access modifiers - public, private, and protected. Public members are accessible everywhere, private members are only accessible within their own class, and protected members are accessible within the class, subclasses, and packages. It provides examples of how to use access modifiers with classes and class members, and recommends generally making data private and accessor methods public. A sample Person class is provided to demonstrate applying access modifiers.
The document provides an overview of exceptions in Java. It defines errors and exceptions, describes different types of exceptions including checked and unchecked exceptions, and explains key exception handling keywords like try, catch, throw, throws, and finally. The document aims to help programmers better understand exceptions and how to properly handle errors in their Java code.
Effective Java - Chapter 4: Classes and Interfacesİbrahim Kürce
Classes and interfaces lie at the heart of the Java programming language. They are its basic units of abstraction.
This chapter contains guidelines to help you make the best use of these elements so that your classes and interfaces are usable, robust, and flexible.
The document discusses effective use of exception handling in Java. It defines exceptions as abnormal conditions that occur during method execution. There are several types of exceptions, including checked exceptions that must be caught or declared, and unchecked exceptions that do not require handling. The document provides guidance on when to use checked vs unchecked exceptions and discusses approaches for designing exception handling in applications.
This document discusses keywords in Java including this, super, and final. It explains that this refers to the current object instance and is used to call methods or access fields of the current class. Super is used to call methods or access fields of the parent class. Final is used to declare variables that cannot be reassigned, prevent method overriding, and prevent class inheritance. The document also covers static keywords and how static methods can be called on a class without creating an instance.
Packages in Java enable grouping of related classes and avoid namespace collisions. Package names use dot notation to represent directory structure. The fully qualified name of a class includes its package. To create a package, the directory structure must match the package name hierarchy. A class belongs to a package by including the package statement at the top of its file and storing the class in the corresponding directory. Packages must be imported or the CLASSPATH set to locate non-default packages.
Dynamic method dispatch allows the determination of which version of an overridden method to execute at runtime based on the object's type. Abstract classes cannot be instantiated and can contain both abstract and concrete methods. Final methods and classes prevent inheritance and overriding.
Exceptions indicate problems during program execution and can be handled to allow programs to continue running or notify users. There are different levels where exceptions can occur including hardware, operating systems, languages, and within programs. Exception handling uses try, catch, and throw blocks. A try block encloses code that could throw an exception. If an exception occurs, control transfers to the matching catch block. The catch block handles the exception to resolve it. Exceptions not caught will terminate the program.
Threads allow multiple tasks to run concurrently within a single Java program. A thread represents a separate path of execution and threads can be used to improve performance. There are two main ways to create threads: by extending the Thread class or implementing the Runnable interface. Threads transition between different states like new, runnable, running, blocked, and terminated. Synchronization is needed to prevent race conditions when multiple threads access shared resources simultaneously. Deadlocks can occur when threads wait for each other in a circular manner.
This document discusses exception handling in C++ and Java. It defines what exceptions are and explains that exception handling separates error handling code from normal code to make programs more readable and robust. It covers try/catch blocks, throwing and catching exceptions, and exception hierarchies. Finally, it provides an example of implementing exception handling in a C++ program to handle divide-by-zero errors.
This document provides an overview of exception handling in Java. It discusses what exceptions are, what happens when exceptions occur, benefits of Java's exception handling framework such as separating error handling code and propagating exceptions up the call stack. It also covers catching exceptions using try-catch and finally blocks, throwing custom exceptions, the exception class hierarchy, and differences between checked and unchecked exceptions. The document concludes with a discussion of assertions.
JAVA EXCEPTION HANDLING
N.V.Raja Sekhar Reddy
www.technolamp.co.in
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in this tutorial we will discuss about
exception handling in C#
Exception class
creating user-defined exception
throw keyword
finally keyword
with examples'
This document discusses exception handling in Java. It defines exceptions as errors that occur during runtime and explains how Java uses try, catch, throw, throws and finally keywords to handle exceptions. try blocks contain code that can throw exceptions. catch blocks catch specific exception types. throw manually throws exceptions. throws declares which exceptions a method can throw. finally ensures code is always executed after a try block. The document provides examples of handling different exception types, nested try blocks, and rethrowing exceptions.
This document discusses exception handling in Java. It provides examples of try/catch blocks, throwing exceptions, and custom exception classes. It also covers assertions, the File class, and reading data from the web. Key points include:
- Exceptions can be caught and handled to prevent program termination from errors.
- Checked exceptions must be caught or declared, while unchecked exceptions do not require handling.
- Custom exception classes can be created by extending the Exception class.
- Assertions are used to check assumptions and ensure program correctness. They can be enabled or disabled.
- The File class provides abstraction for file names and paths.
- Data can be read from files on the web by opening an input stream from a URL
The document discusses exception handling in Java. It defines exceptions as abnormal conditions that arise during runtime due to errors. It describes different types of exceptions like compile-time errors and runtime errors. It explains how to handle exceptions using try, catch, throw, throws and finally keywords. Try blocks contain code that may generate exceptions. Catch blocks catch specific exception types. Finally blocks contain cleanup code that always executes whether an exception occurs or not. The document provides examples to demonstrate exception handling concepts in Java.
This document provides an overview of exceptions and exception handling in C++. It discusses how exceptions provide an alternative way to handle error conditions compared to traditional error handling methods. Exceptions allow errors to be handled in a centralized location rather than after every function call. The document explains how to throw exceptions using the throw keyword, catch exceptions using try/catch blocks, and specify which exceptions a function can throw. It also discusses efficiency concerns, throwing exceptions in constructors and destructors, and resource management related to exceptions.
This document summarizes key concepts about exceptions and exception handling in C++. It discusses how exceptions provide an alternative way to handle errors compared to traditional error handling methods. It describes the try/catch block syntax for catching exceptions, different exception types, throwing exceptions with the throw keyword, and exception specifications to declare which exceptions a function may throw. Resource management with exceptions and efficiency concerns related to throwing exceptions are also covered.
An exception is an error condition or unexpected behavior encountered during program execution. Exceptions are handled using try, catch, and finally blocks. The try block contains code that might throw an exception, the catch block handles the exception if it occurs, and the finally block contains cleanup code that always executes. Common .NET exception classes include ArgumentException, NullReferenceException, and IndexOutOfRangeException. Exceptions provide a standard way to handle runtime errors in programs and allow the programmer to define specific behavior in error cases.
This document provides an overview of exception handling in Java. It defines what exceptions are, common causes of exceptions, and how exception handling works in Java using keywords like try, catch, throw, throws, and finally. It also discusses different exception types, creating custom exceptions, and key classes related to exceptions in the java.util package like Date, TimeZone, Calendar, and GregorianCalendar.
The document provides information about an exception handling course for the subject of C++ during the second semester. It includes details about try, catch, and throw keywords used for exception handling in C++ as well as custom exceptions using exception classes. Standard exceptions and namespaces are also briefly discussed.
The document discusses exception handling and templates in C++. It describes exception handling using try, catch, and throw keywords. It also explains function templates and class templates which allow creating generic functions and classes that can work with different data types.
The document discusses exception handling in programming. It defines an exception as an unexpected event that disrupts normal program flow, such as divide-by-zero errors. Exception handling allows programs to deal with anomalous situations through try-catch blocks. Code that could cause errors is placed in a try block, while catch blocks handle any exceptions thrown. The document provides examples of exceptions being thrown and caught for issues like invalid inputs, out of memory errors, and array out of bounds.
This document discusses exception handling in C# and .NET. It begins by explaining the differences between exception handling and the old Win32 API approach. It then provides examples of try, catch, and finally blocks and describes their purposes. The document discusses best practices for exception handling, such as creating meaningful exception types and messages. It also covers common exception classes in the .NET Framework and how to implement custom exception types. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of exception handling in C#.
This document discusses exception handling in C++. It defines an exception as an event that occurs during program execution that disrupts normal flow, like divide by zero errors. Exception handling allows the program to maintain normal flow even after errors by catching and handling exceptions. It describes the key parts of exception handling as finding problems, throwing exceptions, catching exceptions, and handling exceptions. The document provides examples of using try, catch, and throw blocks to handle exceptions in C++ code.
This document discusses exceptions and assertions in Java, including defining exceptions, using try/catch/finally statements, built-in exception categories, and developing programs to handle custom exceptions. It also covers appropriate uses of assertions such as validating internal invariants, control flow assumptions, and pre/postconditions. The document provides examples of throwing, catching, and propagating exceptions as well as enabling and using assertions in code.
The document discusses exception handling in C++. It defines an exception as an error that occurs during runtime. C++ includes a built-in exception handling mechanism using try, catch, and throw keywords. Code that can generate exceptions is placed in a try block. If an exception occurs, it is thrown using throw and caught using catch, where it can be processed. Exceptions are objects belonging to a specific class. Multiple catch blocks can handle different exception types in order. A catch-all block using ellipses (...) can handle any exception.
SQL constraints are rules that limit the type of data that can be stored in a table. They can be specified when a table is created or altered later. A primary key uniquely identifies each row and cannot be null. A composite key uses multiple columns as the primary key. A foreign key's values must exist in another table's primary key. Joins combine data from multiple tables and include inner, outer, cross, and other types of joins. Views are virtual tables that dynamically select data from other tables.
SQL is a standard language used to communicate with databases and manipulate data. It allows users to create and modify database objects like tables and queries, as well as perform data retrieval, insertion, updating and deletion. The core SQL statements are SELECT to query data, INSERT and UPDATE to modify data, and DELETE to remove data. Tables contain records made up of columns with specific data types.
This document provides an overview and introduction to using master pages in ASP.NET. It discusses how master pages define common content and placeholders that content pages can fill with their own specific content. Master pages allow developers to build templates that contribute shared code and content to other pages on a site, enabling visual inheritance where content pages inherit appearance from master pages.
State management techniques allow ASP.Net web pages to maintain state across requests from the same client. There are client-side techniques like cookies and hidden fields that store data on the client, and server-side techniques like session state and application state that store data on the server. Cookies store small amounts of data on the client browser that get sent to the server on each request. Hidden fields store page-specific data without displaying it to the user. Session state uniquely identifies users with a session ID and stores data for each user as they navigate a site. Application state stores small amounts of often-used data globally for all users.
This document introduces state management on both the client-side and server-side. On the client-side, it discusses view state, control state, hidden fields, and cookies for maintaining state across requests. On the server-side, it discusses application state and session state. View state stores control values on the client in hidden fields and is automatically handled by ASP.Net. Control state allows custom controls to store critical data when view state is disabled. Hidden fields and cookies can also store small amounts of data on the client.
The document discusses different validation server controls in ASP.NET including compare, range, regular expression, required field, and custom validators. It describes the main properties and purposes of each validator. Validation controls are used to validate user input and display error messages. The validation summary control displays a summary of all validation errors on a web page.
ASP.NET introduces server controls which are understood by the server and allow events to be handled by code. It includes HTML server controls which wrap existing HTML elements, web server controls which do not map to HTML but can represent complex elements, and validation controls for validating user input. Common controls include textboxes, buttons, dropdown lists, checkboxes, and labels which can be customized through properties and events.
The document provides an overview of ADO.NET, which is Microsoft's data access technology for .NET applications to connect to and manipulate data in various data stores. It discusses key ADO.NET concepts like connections, commands, data readers, data adapters, datasets and how they are used to work with different data providers like SQL Server, OLE DB, and ODBC. It also covers data binding using data grids and filtering data views.
Generics allow functions and classes to work with multiple data types. They avoid function overloading by using type parameters within angle brackets (<>) to specify the data type. Generic functions and classes can work with any compatible type, like a Display function working with strings, integers, or doubles. Delegates are similar to classes that refer to functions. They come in single-cast and multi-cast varieties, with the latter referring to multiple functions. Delegates are created using the delegate keyword and instantiated by assigning a function and invoked like regular functions.
The document discusses Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (Ajax) and how it improves the user experience on websites. It describes the traditional synchronous request model where the entire page reloads with each new request. With Ajax, requests can be processed asynchronously in the background allowing the page to update dynamically without reloading. This reduces user wait times and lowers the load on servers. Popular Ajax frameworks and how Ajax is implemented in ASP.NET are also overviewed.
This document introduces various data controls in ASP.NET, including GridView, DataList, and Repeater controls. It discusses how to bind these controls to different data sources using ADO.NET. It also covers creating a master page layout with content placeholders and applying the master page to content pages.
The document discusses Microsoft .NET Framework, which is a set of technologies that allows for software integration and the development of applications that can run across different operating systems and devices. It provides a common language runtime and class libraries. The .NET Framework aims to make applications more scalable, accessible from any device, and allow software to be compiled once and run on any system that supports .NET. It discusses the various versions of .NET Framework and the technologies they include like Windows Forms, ASP.NET, and ADO.NET. Visual Studio is the integrated development environment that can be used to create .NET applications using languages like C# and VB.NET.
The document provides an overview of building web applications using ASP.NET and .NET Framework. It discusses the key features of ASP.NET like server controls, master pages, themes, data access, security etc. It also covers ASP.NET programming basics, different page models, folder structure and the ASP.NET execution model.
Generics allow for type-safe collections and functions by treating types as parameters. Some key features of generics include type safety, no boxing or unboxing of value types, no need for downcasting, and constraints that allow specifying what types are valid. Generics can be applied to classes, structures, interfaces, delegates, and methods. They provide benefits like reduced code bloat and binary code reuse across .NET languages.
This document discusses delegates, events, and generic delegates in .NET. It defines delegates as type-safe function pointers that allow methods to be passed as arguments. Delegates are defined using the delegate keyword and can refer to static or instance methods. Events are based on the delegate model and allow classes to notify other classes of occurrences. The EventHandler delegate is commonly used for events without custom data, while EventHandler<TEventArgs> passes custom data. Generic delegates make the parameter type variable, allowing flexibility.
This document introduces JavaScript, covering what it is, what it can do, basic syntax, operators, and how to incorporate JavaScript into HTML pages. JavaScript is explained as the scripting language of the web that is used to add interactivity and dynamic behavior to HTML pages. The document outlines common JavaScript tasks like validating forms, detecting browsers, and creating cookies. It also covers JavaScript basics like variables, arithmetic and comparison operators, and logical operators. Examples are provided for how to write JavaScript code directly in HTML pages and access HTML elements and form values. The different types of JavaScript boxes - confirm, prompt, and alert - are also introduced.
The document provides an introduction to HTML, covering main HTML elements like headings, paragraphs, lists, links, images and tables. It discusses block-level and text-level elements, and how to create hyperlinks and embed images. Examples are given for different HTML tags and elements like headings, paragraphs, links, images, tables and frames. It also covers HTML form controls like text boxes, passwords, checkboxes, radio buttons, dropdowns and buttons.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized the creation of images and videos, enabling the generation of highly realistic and imaginative visual content. Utilizing advanced techniques like Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and neural style transfer, AI can transform simple sketches into detailed artwork or blend various styles into unique visual masterpieces. GANs, in particular, function by pitting two neural networks against each other, resulting in the production of remarkably lifelike images. AI's ability to analyze and learn from vast datasets allows it to create visuals that not only mimic human creativity but also push the boundaries of artistic expression, making it a powerful tool in digital media and entertainment industries.
Post init hook in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, hooks are functions that are presented as a string in the __init__ file of a module. They are the functions that can execute before and after the existing code.
Creativity for Innovation and SpeechmakingMattVassar1
Tapping into the creative side of your brain to come up with truly innovative approaches. These strategies are based on original research from Stanford University lecturer Matt Vassar, where he discusses how you can use them to come up with truly innovative solutions, regardless of whether you're using to come up with a creative and memorable angle for a business pitch--or if you're coming up with business or technical innovations.
8+8+8 Rule Of Time Management For Better ProductivityRuchiRathor2
This is a great way to be more productive but a few things to
Keep in mind:
- The 8+8+8 rule offers a general guideline. You may need to adjust the schedule depending on your individual needs and commitments.
- Some days may require more work or less sleep, demanding flexibility in your approach.
- The key is to be mindful of your time allocation and strive for a healthy balance across the three categories.
Information and Communication Technology in EducationMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 2)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐈𝐂𝐓 𝐢𝐧 𝐞𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧:
Students will be able to explain the role and impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education. They will understand how ICT tools, such as computers, the internet, and educational software, enhance learning and teaching processes. By exploring various ICT applications, students will recognize how these technologies facilitate access to information, improve communication, support collaboration, and enable personalized learning experiences.
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐭:
-Students will be able to discuss what constitutes reliable sources on the internet. They will learn to identify key characteristics of trustworthy information, such as credibility, accuracy, and authority. By examining different types of online sources, students will develop skills to evaluate the reliability of websites and content, ensuring they can distinguish between reputable information and misinformation.
The Science of Learning: implications for modern teachingDerek Wenmoth
Keynote presentation to the Educational Leaders hui Kōkiritia Marautanga held in Auckland on 26 June 2024. Provides a high level overview of the history and development of the science of learning, and implications for the design of learning in our modern schools and classrooms.
2. What is exception? Exceptions are unusual error conditions that occur during execution of a program or an application. In C# exception handling is achieved using the try ? catch ? finally block. All the three are C# keywords that are used do exception handling. The try block encloses the statements that might throw an exception where as catch block handles any exception if one exists. The finally block can be used for doing any clean up process. try { // Statements that are can cause exception } catch(Type x) { // Statements to handle exception } finally { // Statement to clean up }
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7. Showing an Error Message to User This kind of Exception Handling mechanism is the most commonly used mechanism. try { // Code where we are anticipating the Exception } catch (Exception) { System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Error Message: This is the Message shown to the User"); } The message shown to the user can be an error message, warning message or an Information message.
8. What are Custom Exceptions? Why do we need them? Custom Exceptions are exceptions that are created for applying the Business rules of the Application. These exceptions are used to implement the business rules violations of the application. For example: The minimum balance set for Savings A/C in a bank would be different from a Current A/C. Hence, while developing the application for the same the Business rule would be kept as the same. Violation of Business Rule: Whenever a Violation of Business rule is done, it should be notified and the proper message should be shown to the user. This will be handled by a Custom Exception. Let us illustrate the same with an example.
9. private void ValidateBeforeDebit(float Amount) { { if((Balance – Amount ) < MimimumBalanceNeedToHave) { throw new MimimumBalanceViolationForSavingsAccount("Current TransactionFailed: Minimum Balance not available"); } Else { Debit(Amount); } } } We have a method ValidateBeforeDebit (). This method ensures the minimum balance. If there is no minimum balance then a Custom Exception of the type MimimumBalanceViolationForSavingsAccount is thrown. We need to handle the method whenever we call the method.
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11. Example of handled exception: The above program can be modified in the following manner to track the exception. You can see the usage of standard DivideByZeroException class using System; class HandledException { public static void Main() { int x = 0; int intTemp = 0; try { intTemp = 100/x; Console.WriteLine(?Program terminated before this statement?); } catch(DivideByZeroException de) { Console.WriteLine("Division by Zero occurs"); } finally { Console.WriteLine("Result is {0}", intTemp); } } }
12. In the above example the program ends in an expected way instead of program termination. At the time of exception program control passes from exception point inside the try block and enters catch blocks. As the finally block is present, so the statements inside final block are executed. Example of exception un handled in catch block As in C#, the catch block is optional. The following program is perfectly legal in C#. using System; class HandledException { public static void Main() { int x = 0; int intTemp = 0; try { intTemp = 100/x; Console.WriteLine("Not executed line"); } finally { Console.WriteLine("Inside Finally Block"); } Console.WriteLine("Result is {0}", intTemp); } }
13. The above example will produce no exception at the compilation time but the program will terminate due to un handled exception. But the thing that is of great interest to all the is that before the termination of the program the final block is executed. Example of Multiple Catch Blocks: A try block can throw multiple exceptions, that can handle by using multiple catch blocks. Important point here is that more specialized catch block should come before a generalized one. Otherwise the compiler will show a compilation error. //C#: Exception Handling: Multiple catch
14. using System; class HandledException { public static void Main() { int x = 0; int intTemp = 0; try { intTemp = 100/x; Console.WriteLine("Not executed line"); } catch(DivideByZeroException de) { Console.WriteLine("DivideByZeroException" ); } catch(Exception ee) { Console.WriteLine("Exception" ); }
15. finally { Console.WriteLine("Finally Block"); } Console.WriteLine("Result is {0}", intTemp); } } Example of Catching all Exceptions By providing a catch block without a brackets or arguments, we can catch all exceptions occurred inside a try block. Even we can use a catch block with an Exception type parameter to catch all exceptions happened inside the try block since in C#, all exceptions are directly or indirectly inherited from the Exception class. //C#: Exception Handling: Handling all exceptions
16. using System; class HandledException { public static void Main() { int x = 0; int intTemp = 0; try { intTemp = 100/x; Console.WriteLine("Not executed line"); } catch { Console.WriteLine("oException" ); } Console.WriteLine("Result is {0}", intTemp); } }
17. The following program handles all exception with Exception object. //C#: Exception Handling: Handling all exceptions using System; class HandledException { public static void Main() { int x = 0; int intTemp = 0; try { intTemp = 100/x; Console.WriteLine("Not executed line"); } catch(Exception e) { Console.WriteLine("oException" ); } Console.WriteLine("Result is {0}", intTemp); } }
18. Example of Throwing an Exception: C# provides facility to throw an exception programmatically. The 'throw' keyword is used for doing the same. The general form of throwing an exception is as follows. For example the following statement throw an ArgumentException explicitly. throw new ArgumentException("Exception"); using System; class HandledException { public static void Main() { try { throw new DivideByZeroException("Invalid Division"); } catch(DivideByZeroException e) { Console.WriteLine("Exception" ); } Console.WriteLine("Final Statement that is executed"); } }
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20. User-defined Exceptions: C#, allows to create user defined exception class this class should be derived from Exception base class. So the user-defined exception classes must inherit from either Exception class or one of its standard derived classes. //C#: Exception Handling: User defined exceptions using System; class UserDefinedException : Exception { public MyException(string str) { Console.WriteLine("User defined exception"); } } class HandledException { public static void Main() { try { throw new UserDefinedException ("New User Defined Exception"); }
21. catch(Exception e) { Console.WriteLine("Exception caught here" + e.ToString()); } Console.WriteLine("Final Statement that is executed "); } }
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