C vs c++

Name : Gaurav Badhan
CSE-N1-115307
Univ. Roll no : 1144352

Contents
 Introduction
C language, C++ language

 Similarities
Built-in data types, compiler preprocessors etc.

 Differences
Basic , Data security, Processing approach etc.

 Conclusion

 C (pronounced as "see”) is a general-purpose
computer programming language developed
between 1969 and 1973 by Dennis Ritchie at
the Bell Telephone Laboratories.

 Although C was designed for
implementing system,it is also widely used for
developing portable application software.

 C is one of the most widely used programming
languages of all timeand there are very
few computer architectures for which a
C compiler does not exist.

 C++ (pronounced "cee plus plus") is a statically
typed,free-foem, multi paradigm,compiled, general-
purpose programming languauge. It is regarded as
an intermediate-level language, as it comprises a
combination of both high level and low level language
features. It was developed by Biarne Stroustrup
starting in 1979 at Bell labs as an enhancement to
the C language. Originally named C with Classes,
the language was renamed C++ in 1983, as a pun
involving the increment operator.

 C++ is one of the most popular programming
languages with application domains including
systems software, application drivers, device drivers,
embedded software, high-performance server and
client applications

 same built-in data types. e.g.

 same compiler preprocessor
 handles #include & #define
 conditional preprocessing #if, #ifndef and #endef

 same built-in operators on primitive
types (+-/*……)

 Same built-in control structures
-if, for, while, switch ….etc

For
If

 must have a function names “main” to
determine where the program starts.
e.g. void main(),int main()

 functions are defined the same way.

 programs can be split up into separate
files e.g. functions prototype & calling
etc.

 C follows the procedural programming
paradigm while C++ is a multi-paradigm
language (procedural as well as object
oriented)
 In case of C, importance is given to the
steps or procedure of the program while
C++ focuses on the data rather than the
process.
Also, it is easier to implement/edit the code
in case of C++ for the same reason.

 In case of C, the data is not secured
while the data is secured(hidden) in
C++.

 This difference is due to specific OOP
features like Data Hiding which are not
present in C.

 C is a low-level language while C++ is a
middle-level language.

 C is regarded as a low-level
language(difficult interpretation & less
user friendly) while C++ has features of
both low-level(concentration on what is
going on in the machine hardware) & high-
level languages(concentration on the
program itself) & hence is regarded as a
middle-level language.vel language.

 C uses the top-down approach while
C++ uses the bottom-up approach.

 In case of C, the program is formulated
step by step, each step is processed
into detail while in C++, the base
elements are first formulated which then
are linked together to give rise to larger
systems.

 C is function-driven while C++ is object-
driven.

 Functions are the building blocks of a C
program while objects are building
blocks of a C++ program.

 Overloading means two functions
having the same name in the same
program. This can be done only in C++
with the help of Polymorphism(an OOP
feature).

 C++ supports function overloading while
C does not support.

 The NAMESPACE feature in C++ is absent in
case of C.

 C++ uses NAMESPACE which avoid name
collisions. For instance, two students enrolled
in the same university cannot have the same
roll number while two students in different
universities might have the same roll number.
The universities are two different namespace
& hence contain the same roll
number(identifier) but the same university(one
namespace) cannot have two students with
the same roll number(identifier).

 The standard input & output functions
differ in the two languages

 C uses scanf() & printf() while C++ uses
cin>> & cout<< as their respective input
& output functions.

 C++ allows the use of reference
variables while C does not.

 Reference variables allow two variable
names to point to the same memory
location. We cannot use these variables
in C programming.

C++, as the name suggests is a superset of
C. As a matter of fact, C++ can run most of
C code while C cannot run C++ code.

Both C and C++ have their best place at
their own with ample similarities and
differences.
Although C++ is a Superset of C language
yet c has its own existence and C++ has
also its own place in software and program
development.

C vs c++

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