1. over view and history of c

History of Programming

• The root of all modern languages is ALGOL (introduce in
1960s).
• ALGOL uses a structure programming.
• ALGOL is popular in Europe
• In 1967, Martin Richards developed a language called BCPL
(Basic Combined Programming Language)
• Primarily BCPL is developed for system software
• In 1970, Ken Thompson created a new language called B
• B is created for UNIX os at Bell Laboratories.
• Both BCPL and B were “typeless” languages

History of C
• C was evolved from ALGOL, BCPL and B.
• C was developed by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Laboratories
in 1972.
• Added new features and concepts like “data types”.
• It was developed along with the UNIX operating system.
• It was strongly integrated with the UNIX operating system.
• In 1983 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
appointed a technical committee to define a standard for C.
The committee approved a version of C in December 1989
which is now known as ANSI C.
• In 1990 International Standards Organization (ISO) has
approved C and this version of C is referred to as C89.

History of C

1960 ALGOL International Group

1967 BCPL Martin Richards

1970 B Ken Thompson

1972 Traditional C Dennis Ritchie

1978 K&R C Kernighan and Ritchie

1983 ANSI C ANSI Committee

1990 ANSI/ISO C ISO Committee

1999 C99 Standardization Committee

Importance of C
• Rich set of built-in functions
• Operators can be used to write any complex program.
• The C compiler combines the capabilities of an assembly
language with the features of a high-level language.
• It is well sited for writing both system software and
business packages.
• Due to variety of data types and powerful operators
programs written in C are efficient and fast.
• There are only 32 keywords in C and its strength lies in its
built in functions.
• C is highly portable.

Importance of C

• Ability to extend itself.
• C is a Structured Programming Language (requiring
the user to think of a problems in terms of function
modules or blocks).

First C program
#include<stdio.h> //Headerfile
main() //main function
{
/*…….printing begins……..*/
printf(“I see, I remember”);
/*……printing end…………*/
}
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
• Stdio.h is a header file which is included in our program by writing
#include<stdio.h> in first line of program.
• main() is function where execution begins.
• Every program must have exactly one main function.
• “{” opening brace & “}” closing brace.
• printf(“ ”); is the only executable instruction.
• C is case sensitive.

Format of simple C program
main() //function name
{ //Starting of program
---
--- //Program statements
---
} //End of program
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The main() is a part of every C program. C permits different forms of
main statements
• main()
• int main()
• void main()
• main(void)
• void main(void)
• int main(void)

Executing a ‘C’ Program

1. Creating the program
2. Compiling the program
3. Linking the program with functions that are
needed from the C library
4. Executing the program

Compilation and Execution in C

Compilation
Source Language
Code Compiler EXE

Execution
Native
Code

Thank You

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1. over view and history of c

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