1) Most earthquakes originate from a sudden release of energy at the focus or hypocenter located beneath the earth's surface. 2) Faults are fractures in the earth's crust where movement has occurred. The 1906 San Francisco earthquake involved slippage of 4.7 meters along the San Andreas Fault. 3) Earthquake waves spread out from the focus in all directions. P and S waves can be used to locate the earthquake's epicenter through triangulation of arrival times at multiple stations.