Elements of city design

PREPARED BY:-
ABHISHEK KUMAR MAURYA
SANJAY GANGWAR
B.ARCH 4TH YEAR
SUBMITTED TO:-
AR. RAINA MAM

INTRODUCTON
WHAT IS A CITY ?
@_ A CITY IS A LARGE AND PERMANENT HUMEN SETTLEMENTS, CITIES HAVE
THERE OWN PARTICULAR ADMINISTRATION .
PLANNING A CITY, PLANNERS MUST CONSIDER MANY FACTORS, INCLUDING
THE ECONOMY, THE ENVIRONMENT,
AND CULTURAL ANDTRANSPORTATION NEEDS. CITY PLANNERS ALSO MUST
UNDERSTAND CURRENT USES OF EXISTING BUILDINGS, ROADS AND
FACILITIES IN THEIR CITY, AS WELL AS HOW THESE USES MAY AFFECT THE
CITY.
@_ CITIES GENERALLY HAVE FOR COMPLEX SYSTEMS FOR SANITATION,
UTILITIES, LAND USAGE, HOUSING, AND TRANSPORTATION.

COMMUNICATIONS
• ROADWAYS
• RAILWAYS
• WATERWAYS
• AIRWAYS
BUILT UP AREA
• RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
• PUBLIC / SEMIPUBLIC BUILDINGS
• COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
• INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS

OPEN AREAS
• RECREATIONAL :- PARKS, PLAYFIELDS
• OPEN LANDS :- GRAVEYARDS, BARREN LANDS
PUBLIC UTILITY SERVICES
WATER SUPPLY
DRINAGE, GAS, ELECTRICITY
TELEPHONE
PUBLIC AMENITIES
POST OFFICE, POLICE STATION, PETROL PUMP, FIRE BRIGADE, REFUSE DEPOSITS

DISTRIBUTION OF LAND
36%
5%
16%
3%
20%
20%
SINGLE FAMILY HOUSES
TWO FAMILY HOUSES
MULTIPAL FAMILY HOUSES (FLATS)
BUSINESS SHOPPING CENTRES
PARKS
ROADS

AESTHETIC OF TOWN PLANNING
• THE AIM OF TOWN DESIGN IS TO SEE THE URBAN ELEMENTS NOT ONLY
FUNCTION PROPERLY BUT ALSO IN A PLEASING WAY. THEY SHOULD PROMOTE
THE SENSE OF BEAUTY AND LOVE OF NATURE TO SECURE SATISFACTION.
• BRIFELY DISCRIPTION OF EACH MEASURES
• CREATIVE MEASURES :-
• BUILDING EITHER PRIVATE OR PUBLIC SHOULD BE INSISTED TO BUILD TO SATISFY
CERTAIN ARCHITECTURAL STANDERDS
• RESIDENTIAL NEIBHOURHOOD SHOULD BE NEATLY PLANNED
• EVERY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING SHOULD BE COMPELLED TO HAVE GARDEN
AROUND IT
• ALL PUBLIC BUILDING SHOULD BE DESIGNED WITH THE ELEMENTS OF BEAUTY
• ALL MUSEUMS AND GALLARIES MUST BE DESIGNED WITH ARCHITECTURAL
EXCILLENCE TO ATTRACT THE VISITORS.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES
• THE CONCERNED AUTHORITY CAN RESTRICT OR PREVENT THE CONSTRUCTION
OF CERTAIN STRUCTURE IN THE CITY THEY CAN ALLOW SUCH WORKS WHICH
CAN BE CONSTRUCTED IN ACCORDENCE WITH APPROVED ELEVATIONS. SOME
SORTS OF CONTROL CAN BE EXERCISED ABOUT ADVERTISING IN PUBLIC PLACES.
THEY SHOULD BE DISPLYED JUDICIOUSLY SO AS TO INCRESE THE BEAUTY OF THE
SARROUNDINGS.
DISTRUCTIVE MEASURE
• UNDER THIS ANY STRUCTURE FOUND TO BE UGLY AND UNSIGHTLY AND
THEREFORE OBJECTNABLE FROM POINT OF VIEW OF BEAUTY CAN BE REMOVED
GRADUALLY FOR EG:- OPEN DRAINS SHOULD BE REPLACED WITH
UNDERGROUND DRAINS TO CARRY REFUSE OF TOWNS SUCH AS GARBAGE,
STROM WATER, SUB SOIL WATER, SLUG E.T.C. OVER HEAD TELEPHONE LINE
SHOULD BE REPLACED BY UNDERGROUND LINES.

“GANDHINAGAR”
FORMATION AND EVOLUTION
• GANDHINAGAR GOT AN IDENTITY OF ITS OWN WHEN THE STATE OF MUMBAI
WAS DIVIDED INTO TWO SEPARATE STATES OF GUJARAT AND MAHARASHTRA.
AFTER INDEPENDENCE, THE TERRITORIES IN INDIA WERE DIVIDED BASED ON
LINGUISTIC LINES AND FORMER BOMBAY STATE WAS DIVIDED INTO TWO
STATES, GUJARAT AND MAHARASHTRA.
IN THE BEGINNING, AHMEDABAD - A COMMERCIAL HUB OF GUJARAT WAS
CHOSEN AS THE STATE CAPITAL AND IT WAS PROPOSED THAT A NEW CAPITAL
SHOULD BE CONSTRUCTED ALONG THE LINE OF OTHER NEW STATE CAPITALS,
PARTICULARLY CHANDIGARH. THEREFORE TWO WELL-KNOWN INDIAN
ARCHITECTS, H.K. MEWADA AND PRAKASH M. APTE (WHO WORKED AS BEGINNER
FOR THE CHANDIGARH CITY) DESIGNED THE NEW STATE CAPITAL. NAMED
AFTER MAHATMA GANDHI THE FOUNDATION STONE OF THIS CITY WAS LAID ON
1965 AND IN 1971 THE CAPITAL WAS SHIFTED FROM AHMEDABAD TO

ABOUT
• THE SITE IS LOCATED AT A DISTANCE OF 24 K.M TO THE NORTH OF
AHAMDABAD. IT IS SITUATED ON THE BANKS OF RIVER SABARMATI. THE RIVER
ITSELF OCCUPIES ABOUT 400 HECTARES AND THE CITY IS PLANNED ON THE
WESTERN BANK OF RIVER.
• THE SOIL IS MOSTELY SANDY AND LOAM AND HENCE THERE ARE NO CHANCES
FOR SERIOUS FOUNDATION PROBLEMS. IT HAS ON ALTITUDE OF 21M HIGHER
AND TEMPRATURE OF AT LEAST 6 DEGREE LOWER THEN THE CITY OF
AHAMDABAD.

CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
• Gandhinagar has a tropical wet and dry climate with three main seasons: summer,
monsoon and winter.
• The climate is generally dry and hot outside of the monsoon season
• . The weather is hot to severely hot from March to June when the maximum
temperature stays in the range of 36 to 42 °C and the minimum in the range of 19 to
27 °C .
• It is pleasant in the winter days and quite chilling in the night during December to
February. The average maximum temperature is around 29 °C , the average minimum
is 14 °C , and the climate is extremely dry.
• The southwest monsoon brings a humid climate from mid-June to mid-
September.[8] The average annual rainfall is around 803.4 mm .

TOURIST ATTRACTIONS
• AKSHARDHAM TEMPLE IN GANDHINAGAR IS A TEMPLE BUILT OF PINK STONES WITH CARVINGS. IT IS SURROUNDED BY GARDENS AND
FOUNTAINS.
• GIFT CITY TOWER(TALLEST BUILDING OF GUJARAT): THIS STATE-OF-THE-ART, 28-STORIED STRUCTURE IS THE FIRST TOWER TO BE TO
BUILT WITHIN THE GUJARAT INTERNATIONAL FINANCE TEC-CITY (GIFT) THAT IS BEING PLANNED AS A GLOBAL HUB FOR FINANCIAL
SERVICES. OVER 215,000 SQUARE FEET OF GLASS, ABOUT 7,000 METRIC TONNES OF STEEL AND 50,000 CUBIC METRES OF CONCRETE
HAVE BEEN USED TO BUILD THE STATE'S TALLEST BUILDING, WHICH WAS COMPLETED IN 14 MONTHS AND INAUGURATED BY CHIEF
MINISTER NARENDRA MODI IN JANUARY 2013.[32]
• ADALAJ STEPWELL, 18 KM SOUTH OF GANDHINAGAR. THE WELL WAS BUILT IN 1499 A.D. BY QUEEN RUDABAI. THE STEP WELL OR VAV,
AS IT IS CALLED IN GUJARATI, IS INTRICATELY CARVED AND IS SEVERAL STORIES IN DEPTH. THE DESIGNS ON ITS WALLS AND PILLARS
INCLUDE, LEAVES, FLOWERS, BIRDS, FISH AND OTHER ORNAMENTAL DESIGNS.
• SARITA UDYAN, ON THE BANK OF RIVER SABARMATI, IS A GARDEN WITH A VIEW OF THE RIVER. IT HAS A BOTANICAL GARDEN.
• DEER PARK (INDRODA PARK) IS A LARGE AREA CONTAINING VARIOUS SECTIONS SUCH AS A JURASSIC PARK THEME, DEER PARK, SNAKE
PARK, BIRDS PARK ETC. DEER PARK IS ALSO KNOWN AS GEER FOUNDATION PARK OR INDRODA PARK AS IT IS LOCATED IN A VILLAGE
NAMED INDRODA. IT CONTAINS DINOSAURS PARK WHERE HUGE STATUES OF DIFFERENT DINOSAURS ARE KEPT WITH A DETAILED
EXPLANATION. SNAKE PARK CONTAINS VARIOUS LOCAL SNAKES AVAILABLE IN AND AROUND GUJARAT. BIRDS ARE FREE TO FLY IN A
BIG ENCLOSED BIRD PARK. THERE IS ALSO AN AQUARIUM.
• MAHATMA MANDIR:[33] THE MAHATMA MANDIR IS LOCATED AT SECTOR 13. IT IS NAMED AS MAHATMA MANDIR BUT IS NOT A
TEMPLE. IT IS EXIBITORY AREA OF THE ECONOMIC AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE STATE SIMILAR TO THAT OF PRAGATI
MAIDAIN IN NEW DELHI. THE PROJECT IS TO BE DEVELOPED IN TWO PHASES:

ACTIVITY PATTERN
• THE MAJOR ACTIVITY PATTERN OF THE DISTRICT IS
• Work areas
• City center
• Shopping, commercial, and warehousing area
• Residential areas
• Recreation area
• Sports center

ABOUT PLANNING
• GANDHINAGAR IS PLANNED TO FUNCTION MAINLY AS ADMINISTRATIVE CENTRE FOR
THE STATE AND AS SUCH, THE PRINCIPAL EMPLOYER OF THE TOWN IS THE STATE
GOVT.
• THE TOWN IS PLANNED ON THE PRINCIPAL OF SECTORS, EACH MEASURING ABOUT
1.0KM IN LENGTH AND .75 KM IN WIDTH
• THE SECTORS ARE NUMBERED FROM ONE TO THIRTY AND THEY ARE FORMED BY
SEVEN ROADS RUNNING IN EACH DIRECTIONS AND CUTTING EACH OTHER
PERPENDICULARLY. OUT OF 30 SECTORS, 27 SECTORS ARE RESIDENTIAL AND THE
REMAINING SECTORS ARE 3 SECTORS ARE NON RESIDENTIAL.THEY ARE PLANNED ON
THE NEIGHBOURHOOD CONCEPTS.
• THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES RESIDES IN THESE SECTORS IN VARIOUS CATEGORIES
OF STAFF QURATERS ALONG WITH THE OTHER RESIDENTS WHO HAVE CONSTRUCTED
THERE OWN HOUSES
• TOTAL AREA OF THE SITE IS ABOUT 5,738 HECTARES

SALIENT FEATURES OF GANDHINAGAR
• AFFORESTATION:-THE UNDULATED APOSSESSED RICH SOIL AND SO ARE
INDIGENIOUS SPECIES LIKE NEEM, BABOOL, MANGO AND BARRIERS WEAR
PLANTED UNDER THE AFFORESTATION SCHEME.
• CAPITOL COMPLEX:- THIS IS THE MOST IMPORTANT PART OF THE TOWN
AND IT INCLUDES BUILDINGS OF SECRETARIAT, LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY, HIGH
COURT, HEADSOF VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS E.T.C. THE ENTIRE COMPLEX IS
LOCATED IN SUCH A WAY THAT IT CAN BE EASILY REACHED FROM RESIDENCES
OF MOST GOVT. EMPLOYEES.
• DRAINAGE:- THE COMPLETE SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT CONSISTS OF GRIT
CHAMBERS, CLARIFIERS, SLUGE DIGESTORS, DRYING BEDS E.T.C. IS LOCATED AT
A DISTANCE OF ABOUT 18 KM TOWARDS SOUTH-WEST.

.
• ELECTRIC SUPPLY:- ALL THE ELECTRIC LINES WITHIN THE TOWN ARE LAID
WITH UNDERGROUND CABLES.
• LIGHT INDUSTRIES:- AN AREA ABOUT 120 HECTARES HAS BEEN ALLOTTED
FOR LIGHT INDUSTRIES ON THE NORTH SIDE OF THE TOWN.
• ORIENTATION OF ROADS:- THE ROADS ARE ORIENTED TO RUN 30 DEG
NORTH OF WEST AND 60 DEG NORTH OF EAST. SUCH AN ORIENTATION HELPS
US IN AVOIDING DIRECT FACING OF MORNING AND EVENING SUN.
• PARKS AND PLAYGROUNDS:-THE AVERAGE STANDERD ADOPTED FOR THE
OPEN SPACES IS ABOUT 1.50 TO 2.0 HECTARES PER 1000 POPULATIONS.
• POPULATION:- THE TOWN IS DESIGNED TO ACCOMMODATE ABOUT 400000
PERSONS WITH POSSIBLE PHYSICAL EXPENSION ON WEST SIDE IF FOUND
NECESSARY IN FUTURE.

.
• PUBLIC BUILDINGS:- THE TOWN PLAN ACCOMMODATES HOSPITALS, TOWN
HALLS, SCHOOL AND COLLEGES, GUEST HOUSES E.T.C.
• RAILWAYS:- THE RAILWAY STATION IN GANDHINAGAR IS SITUATED FAR AWAY
FROM THE TOWNSHIP.
• RESIDENTIAL AREA:- THE RESIDENTIAL UNITS ARE PLANNED IN A COMPACT
FROM WITH THE NECESSARY FACILITIES SUCH AS SCHOOLS, PARKS, AND
PLAYGROUNDS E.T.C.
• ROAD SYSTEM:- THE ROADS ARE IN THE GRID IRON PATTERNS.
• SHOPPING CENTRE:- AN AREA OF 500 M. SQ PER 1000 POPULATIONS IS
PROVIDED FOR RETAIL SHOPPING.
• WATER SUPPLY:-THE WATER IS SUPPLIED FROM THE RIVER SABARMATI AND
COLLECTED IN A RESERVOIER OF CAPACITY OF 27 LAKH LITERS.

.
• ZONAL CENTRE:- FOR EVERY FOUR TO FIVE SECTORS, A ZONAL CENTRE IS
PROVIDED AND IT INCLUDES CINEMA, DISPENSARY, BANK, POST OFFICE, POLICE
STATION, SHOP OF SELECTIVE NATURE, E.T.C.
• THE ZONAL CENTRES ALSO SERVE THE NEEDS OF ADJOINING VILLAGES
• SOURCES OF INFORMATIONS:- TOWN PLANNING BY – RANGWALA, INTERNET,WIKIPEDIYA, GUJARAT PROPOSAL
PLAN REPORT, AND THE INFORMATION GIVEN BY THE TEACHERS.

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