Dish-Stirling unit and photovoltaic panels are the premier technologies available to generate off-grid solar energy. The major issue for both systems is in terms of producing output power. Air-Brayton cycle was utilized asan engine by converting the thermal energy to electricity. Micro gas turbine (MGT) has been recognized as one of the viable alternatives compared to Stirling engines, where it represents a state-of-art parabolic dish engine specifically in turbine gas technology. Hence, the microgas turbine is a technology that is capable of controlling low carbon while providing electricity in off-grid regions. MGT uses any gas as its input like natural gas, bio gas and others. Micro gas turbine has advantages for its high expansion ratio and less moving components. Compared to competing for diesel generators, the electricity costs from hybrid solar units were reduced between 10% and 43%, where as specific CO2 emissions reduced by 20-35%. MGT provides advantages over photovoltaic systems such as the inherent ability to hybridize the systems with hydrocarbon fuels to produce electricity around the clock, and the ability to operate more effectively in very hot climates with photovoltaic performance degradation over the life time of the system. Hybrid solar micro gas-turbines are cost-effective, eco-friendly and pollution free as they can work by burning any gas like natural gas,landfill gasa and others.This paper presented the controls contained in the MGT-dish system consisted of temperature control, fuel flow control, speed and acceleration control. Aconceptual design of the 25kW MGT-dish system was also covered.
This document is a seminar report on micro turbines submitted by Ishfaq Ahmad Najar in partial fulfillment of a Bachelor of Technology degree. It provides an overview of micro turbines, including their basic components and operation. Micro turbines are small combustion turbines that produce both heat and electricity on a relatively small scale. They consist of a compressor, combustor, turbine, alternator, and generator. The turbine turns the compressor and generator, while the combustor adds heat in between. Recuperators are also often included to improve efficiency by capturing waste heat.
project report MICROTURBINE BY -Asif quamarAsif Quamar
This document summarizes a seminar report on microturbines. It includes 4 chapters:
1) A literature review on microturbines, noting their advantages over other small-scale power generation technologies.
2) An overview of gas turbine systems, including the Brayton cycle and types of gas turbines.
3) A focus on microturbines, defining them as small combustion turbines from 25-500 kW that have evolved from automotive and aircraft technologies.
4) Details on microturbine components, types, and their increasing use for distributed power generation and cogeneration applications.
The document is a report on an industrial training at a Gas Turbine Power Station (GTPS) in Vijjeswaram. It discusses electricity production in India and provides an introduction to GTPS. It then explains how electricity is produced through gas using simple and combined power cycles. Combined cycle power plants use both gas turbines and heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) to achieve higher efficiency. GTPS uses the combined cycle process, with exhaust from gas turbines used to produce steam for the steam turbine. The report also provides overviews of the key components involved - gas turbines, HRSGs, and steam turbines.
Micro turbines are a new type of small-scale combustion turbine that produces both heat and electricity efficiently and cleanly for applications like compression and air conditioning. This report focuses on designing and developing a micro turbine powered by compressed nitrogen gas. It reviews literature on micro turbine design aspects, studies gas turbine cycles and micro turbine operation, and designs turbine blades and nozzles using software before analyzing the turbine and nozzle assembly using computational fluid dynamics simulations to obtain velocity vectors.
This document presents information on micro turbines, including their components, characteristics, advantages, applications, challenges, and recent developments. Micro turbines are small combustion turbines that can generate 25-500 kW of power and have moderate costs and efficiencies. They have high-frequency outputs and rotate at high speeds. Micro turbines have applications in distributed generation, quality power and reliability, stand-by power, peak shaving, and combined heat and power. Their advantages include compact size, good efficiencies, lightweight design, and low emissions. Challenges include heat loss, cooling, manufacturing turbine blades, and designing air bearings. Recent developments include coupling with solid oxide fuel cells to increase efficiency.
This document is a seminar report on micro turbines submitted by Rajneesh Kumar Singh in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering. The report provides an overview of micro turbines, including their design, operation, advantages, and applications. It includes sections on gas turbine cycles, characteristics of micro turbines, components of micro turbines, and conclusions.
The document discusses the potential for micro-turbines to become even smaller, possibly reaching a personal scale. It outlines the history of electricity generation moving from localized to large centralized systems. Micro-turbines currently range from 5kW to 300kW and could potentially become as small as 100W units. However, challenges remain around fuel supply, safety, reliability, manufacturing challenges, and regulatory and consumer adoption barriers that must still be overcome before personal-scale micro-turbines become widely used. If these challenges can be addressed, the document suggests personal micro-turbines may start to emerge commercially in the mid-2020s.
This document provides details of a senior design project to further develop a microturbine generator that can power a micro air vehicle (MAV). It summarizes the work done so far, including researching concepts to scale down last year's design to fit within a MAV. Several subteams focused on the housing, turbine, and fuel system. Analysis was conducted on feasibility and performance. Future plans include building prototypes to test versus specifications around weight, size, power output, and integration into a MAV. The goal is to improve upon past work to create a microturbine that can replace battery power and increase a MAV's capabilities.
This document is a seminar report on micro turbines submitted by Ishfaq Ahmad Najar in partial fulfillment of a Bachelor of Technology degree. It provides an overview of micro turbines, including their basic components and operation. Micro turbines are small combustion turbines that produce both heat and electricity on a relatively small scale. They consist of a compressor, combustor, turbine, alternator, and generator. The turbine turns the compressor and generator, while the combustor adds heat in between. Recuperators are also often included to improve efficiency by capturing waste heat.
project report MICROTURBINE BY -Asif quamarAsif Quamar
This document summarizes a seminar report on microturbines. It includes 4 chapters:
1) A literature review on microturbines, noting their advantages over other small-scale power generation technologies.
2) An overview of gas turbine systems, including the Brayton cycle and types of gas turbines.
3) A focus on microturbines, defining them as small combustion turbines from 25-500 kW that have evolved from automotive and aircraft technologies.
4) Details on microturbine components, types, and their increasing use for distributed power generation and cogeneration applications.
The document is a report on an industrial training at a Gas Turbine Power Station (GTPS) in Vijjeswaram. It discusses electricity production in India and provides an introduction to GTPS. It then explains how electricity is produced through gas using simple and combined power cycles. Combined cycle power plants use both gas turbines and heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) to achieve higher efficiency. GTPS uses the combined cycle process, with exhaust from gas turbines used to produce steam for the steam turbine. The report also provides overviews of the key components involved - gas turbines, HRSGs, and steam turbines.
Micro turbines are a new type of small-scale combustion turbine that produces both heat and electricity efficiently and cleanly for applications like compression and air conditioning. This report focuses on designing and developing a micro turbine powered by compressed nitrogen gas. It reviews literature on micro turbine design aspects, studies gas turbine cycles and micro turbine operation, and designs turbine blades and nozzles using software before analyzing the turbine and nozzle assembly using computational fluid dynamics simulations to obtain velocity vectors.
This document presents information on micro turbines, including their components, characteristics, advantages, applications, challenges, and recent developments. Micro turbines are small combustion turbines that can generate 25-500 kW of power and have moderate costs and efficiencies. They have high-frequency outputs and rotate at high speeds. Micro turbines have applications in distributed generation, quality power and reliability, stand-by power, peak shaving, and combined heat and power. Their advantages include compact size, good efficiencies, lightweight design, and low emissions. Challenges include heat loss, cooling, manufacturing turbine blades, and designing air bearings. Recent developments include coupling with solid oxide fuel cells to increase efficiency.
This document is a seminar report on micro turbines submitted by Rajneesh Kumar Singh in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering. The report provides an overview of micro turbines, including their design, operation, advantages, and applications. It includes sections on gas turbine cycles, characteristics of micro turbines, components of micro turbines, and conclusions.
The document discusses the potential for micro-turbines to become even smaller, possibly reaching a personal scale. It outlines the history of electricity generation moving from localized to large centralized systems. Micro-turbines currently range from 5kW to 300kW and could potentially become as small as 100W units. However, challenges remain around fuel supply, safety, reliability, manufacturing challenges, and regulatory and consumer adoption barriers that must still be overcome before personal-scale micro-turbines become widely used. If these challenges can be addressed, the document suggests personal micro-turbines may start to emerge commercially in the mid-2020s.
This document provides details of a senior design project to further develop a microturbine generator that can power a micro air vehicle (MAV). It summarizes the work done so far, including researching concepts to scale down last year's design to fit within a MAV. Several subteams focused on the housing, turbine, and fuel system. Analysis was conducted on feasibility and performance. Future plans include building prototypes to test versus specifications around weight, size, power output, and integration into a MAV. The goal is to improve upon past work to create a microturbine that can replace battery power and increase a MAV's capabilities.
A presentation on summer training at NTPC corporate office noidaAshutosh Tripathi
This document provides a summary of a presentation about a summer training at NTPC Noida. It discusses NTPC's profile, including that it is India's largest power company and was established in 1975. It outlines NTPC's plants, power sharing in India, use of communication technologies like satellites, and new technologies being used like ultra supercritical plants. It also discusses NTPC's use of ash from plants and efforts to increase ash utilization. The presentation concludes by discussing the importance of conserving energy and developing renewable sources to improve the environment.
Microturbine generator systems are small, distributed energy generation systems suitable for small to medium commercial and industrial loads. They consist of a microturbine that provides mechanical energy to a generator, which converts it to electrical energy. Microturbines are a relatively new technology that offers efficiency and clean power generation. They have potential advantages over other distributed generation technologies due to their small size, low cost, and automatic electronic control. The document then provides details on the components, operation, modeling, and control of microturbine generator systems.
The document discusses microturbines and combined heat and power (CHP) systems from an owner's perspective. Microturbines are small, self-contained power plants that are fueled primarily by natural gas and provide both electricity and heat. They offer improved economics, environment, and reliability compared to traditional power generation. The document also provides an example project of installing microturbines at a New York City commercial building, showing the system configuration and projected savings, payback period, and environmental benefits.
This document provides information about a seminar presentation on microturbines given by Mr. Akshay Nawale. It includes an introduction to microturbines, which are small gas turbines approximately the size of a refrigerator that can generate 25-500 kW of power. Microturbines are single shaft machines that integrate a compressor, turbine, and generator. They have applications for distributed power generation and combined heat and power systems. The document outlines the working principles, components, advantages, and experimental testing of microturbines.
Microturbines are small combustion turbines around the size of a refrigerator that can generate 25-500 kW of electricity and provide thermal energy for heating and cooling. They have fewer moving parts than larger turbines and can run on fuels like natural gas, hydrogen, propane, and diesel. Microturbines work by compressing air and fuel in a compressor, combusting the mixture, and driving a generator with the expanding exhaust gases. They can be configured as simple or recuperated cycles, with recuperated microturbines achieving higher efficiencies of 20-30% by recovering heat from the exhaust. Microturbines see applications in distributed power generation and combined heat and power due to their compact size and ability to utilize waste fuels with
Bagasse based high pressure co-generation in Pakistaninventionjournals
The paper reports on the assessment of the use of bagasse in sugar industry for high pressure cogeneration. Study was done on a sugar mill which has recently adopted this technology. This paper investigates the efficiency of season and off season operation of sugar mill, high pressure cogeneration technology is much more efficient in bagasse to steam ratio. During seasonal operation CHP efficiency is 76.8% and during offseason its value is 29.9%.Project initial cost is high but payback period is low. It will encourage other sugar mills in Pakistan for the development of high pressure co-generation system to meet increasing energy demands in the country.
Microturbines are a green new way to power buildings while heating and cooling them. Also, microturbines burn waste gas from landfills, sewage treatment plants, farms and the like, turning it into clean electricity for the electric grid.
This seminar discusses micro-turbine generator (MTG) systems. MTGs are small, high-speed power plants that typically include a turbine, compressor, generator, and power electronics. They can be used for distributed energy applications to provide power for small to medium commercial and industrial loads. MTGs have recuperated or unrecuperated designs, with recuperated MTGs having higher efficiency due to heat recovery. They work by drawing in air, compressing and combusting it to power a turbine and generator. The generator output is then conditioned and converted to utility frequencies and voltages. MTGs have applications for backup power, power quality/reliability, and cogeneration. Future developments
The document discusses the development of microturbines, which are very small gas turbine engines that could power portable electronic devices for long periods from a small fuel source. A team at MIT led by Alan Epstein developed a microturbine design that would be less than 1% the size of a conventional gas turbine. Over seven years of research, they made significant progress developing working microturbine prototypes, addressing challenges like how to support a rotor spinning at over 2 million RPM. Microturbines could potentially deliver 10 times the power per unit weight compared to larger turbines, reducing fuel needs and costs for applications like aircraft.
This document is a summer training project report submitted by Emam Raza, a student of mechanical engineering at KIET School of Engineering & Technology. The report details Raza's training at the NTPC Dadri power plant. It includes declarations by Raza, acknowledgements of those who assisted him, and sections on India's power sector, the National Thermal Power Corporation, and details about the NTPC Dadri plant such as its location, capacity, layout, and descriptions of the coal handling plant and mill sub-systems.
CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION OF POWER PLANTSubarna Poddar
The document provides details about an industrial training report submitted by Subarna Poddar at NTPC Dadri power plant. It includes an overview of NTPC Dadri which operates both coal and gas based power plants with a total installed capacity of 2,159 MW. The report covers various aspects of the power generation process including the coal handling plant, main plant, steam cycles, boiler and turbine operations, instrumentation and control mechanisms. It provides figures and diagrams to explain the different units and processes at the thermal power station.
The document discusses using biogas from sources like landfills and wastewater treatment plants as fuel for onsite power generation using Capstone microturbines. It provides an overview of Capstone technologies, how biogas is conditioned and used as fuel for microturbines, maintenance requirements, and examples of biogas-to-energy projects using Capstone systems at various wastewater treatment plants and landfills.
A new small gas turbine technology is being developed which promises to bring the economic,environmental and convenience benefits,advancements in the automotive sector,generation of electricity and mechanical power needs of the commercial sector. The technol ogy is of the microturbines.The micro turbine is an example of Micro Electro Mechanical Systems,w hich is efficiently used to develop power at a small scale. Microturbines are small combustion turbines appr oximately the size of a refrigerator with outputs of 25 kW to 500 kW. Microturbines are part of the future of onsit e,or distributed energy and power generation. They are actually single shaft machines,in which turbine,compressor and generator are mounted on the single shaft. This unit can be used for distributed power,stand-alone power,stand-by power and vehicle application like turbocharger. The commercial customer requirement for small prime movers are that they be very cleans (low NOx,CO and unburned hydroc arbons),of better efficiency than the reciprocating engines,require infrequent maintenance,have a very low forced outage rate and of course be of low installed cost so as to provide rapid payback for the owner. These conditions are better fulfilled by the microturbines compared to the conventional Reciprocat ing Engines,Gas turbines,Coal fired steam engines etc.
The document provides information about the Dholpur Combined Cycle Power Plant (DCCPP) in Dholpur, India. It was set up due to the availability of land, water, transmission network and proximity to transportation. The total cost was 1155 crore rupees. The main equipment was supplied by BHEL and the fuel is R-LNG supplied by GAIL. It uses a combined cycle configuration where waste heat from the gas turbine powers a steam turbine, achieving higher efficiency. The plant uses natural gas to run both a gas turbine and steam turbine.
training report NTPC Muzaffarpur Bihar Dilip kumar
This document provides an industrial training report on the generation system of the National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd. (NTPC). It discusses the key components of a thermal power plant that use the modified Rankine cycle to convert the chemical energy of coal into electrical energy. These include the boiler, turbine, condenser, and other auxiliary components. The report also provides an overview of the processes involved in coal handling, steam generation, power generation using steam turbines, and electricity distribution at NTPC power plants. It aims to provide an understanding of the technical aspects and management of thermal power generation.
Microturbines are small combustion turbines approximately the size of a refrigerator that can generate 25-500 kW of electricity. They provide both electricity and thermal energy for heating and cooling. Microturbines are commercially available and use natural gas, hydrogen, propane or diesel as fuel. They have efficiencies of 20-30% and produce low NOx emissions. Microturbines offer distributed energy generation by producing power on-site, which eliminates transmission losses and enables combined heat and power applications. Their advantages include compact size, long maintenance intervals, low emissions and high efficiency compared to other distributed generation technologies.
Dholpur Combined Cycle Power Project (DCCPP) is located 55km from Agra, Rajasthan. It uses a combined cycle configuration where waste heat from the gas turbine is used in a heat recovery steam generator to produce steam for a steam turbine, improving efficiency. The plant cost Rs. 1155 crore to build and uses liquified natural gas supplied by GAIL as its main fuel. It was the first plant in northern India to use a MARK-6 control system.
Banti industrial training-report-on-ntpc-dadri GAS POWER PLANT94600banti
The document describes a report on an industrial training completed at the NTPC Dadri gas power plant. It provides an overview of NTPC and the Dadri station. The bulk of the document then focuses on introducing gas power plants, describing their components like the gas turbine starting system and fuel system. It explains how combined-cycle power plants work and the advantages they provide over conventional power generation methods.
The document summarizes an energy audit conducted on a thermal power plant in Jordan. The power plant produces 14.36 MW through a Rankine cycle using natural gas. A preliminary energy audit evaluated the performance of the plant's components, including the boiler, turbine, condenser, and pumps. The results showed deviations in efficiency for all components compared to their design specifications. Specifically, the boiler had the largest deviation of 4.9% efficiency, likely due to poor water and fuel quality and heat loss. Several solutions were proposed to improve the plant's efficiency.
IRJET - An Experimental Evaluation of Automobile Waste Heat Recovery System u...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study that evaluated an automobile waste heat recovery system using a thermoelectric generator. The study aimed to recover waste heat from two-wheeler vehicle silencers, which are typically dissipated as heat to the environment. A proof-of-concept model was developed using thermoelectric generators and heat pipes to convert the simulated hot air into electrical power. The results indicate that waste heat from vehicle exhausts, which currently contributes to pollution and energy inefficiency, can be harnessed via thermoelectric generators to improve efficiency and reduce emissions.
A presentation on summer training at NTPC corporate office noidaAshutosh Tripathi
This document provides a summary of a presentation about a summer training at NTPC Noida. It discusses NTPC's profile, including that it is India's largest power company and was established in 1975. It outlines NTPC's plants, power sharing in India, use of communication technologies like satellites, and new technologies being used like ultra supercritical plants. It also discusses NTPC's use of ash from plants and efforts to increase ash utilization. The presentation concludes by discussing the importance of conserving energy and developing renewable sources to improve the environment.
Microturbine generator systems are small, distributed energy generation systems suitable for small to medium commercial and industrial loads. They consist of a microturbine that provides mechanical energy to a generator, which converts it to electrical energy. Microturbines are a relatively new technology that offers efficiency and clean power generation. They have potential advantages over other distributed generation technologies due to their small size, low cost, and automatic electronic control. The document then provides details on the components, operation, modeling, and control of microturbine generator systems.
The document discusses microturbines and combined heat and power (CHP) systems from an owner's perspective. Microturbines are small, self-contained power plants that are fueled primarily by natural gas and provide both electricity and heat. They offer improved economics, environment, and reliability compared to traditional power generation. The document also provides an example project of installing microturbines at a New York City commercial building, showing the system configuration and projected savings, payback period, and environmental benefits.
This document provides information about a seminar presentation on microturbines given by Mr. Akshay Nawale. It includes an introduction to microturbines, which are small gas turbines approximately the size of a refrigerator that can generate 25-500 kW of power. Microturbines are single shaft machines that integrate a compressor, turbine, and generator. They have applications for distributed power generation and combined heat and power systems. The document outlines the working principles, components, advantages, and experimental testing of microturbines.
Microturbines are small combustion turbines around the size of a refrigerator that can generate 25-500 kW of electricity and provide thermal energy for heating and cooling. They have fewer moving parts than larger turbines and can run on fuels like natural gas, hydrogen, propane, and diesel. Microturbines work by compressing air and fuel in a compressor, combusting the mixture, and driving a generator with the expanding exhaust gases. They can be configured as simple or recuperated cycles, with recuperated microturbines achieving higher efficiencies of 20-30% by recovering heat from the exhaust. Microturbines see applications in distributed power generation and combined heat and power due to their compact size and ability to utilize waste fuels with
Bagasse based high pressure co-generation in Pakistaninventionjournals
The paper reports on the assessment of the use of bagasse in sugar industry for high pressure cogeneration. Study was done on a sugar mill which has recently adopted this technology. This paper investigates the efficiency of season and off season operation of sugar mill, high pressure cogeneration technology is much more efficient in bagasse to steam ratio. During seasonal operation CHP efficiency is 76.8% and during offseason its value is 29.9%.Project initial cost is high but payback period is low. It will encourage other sugar mills in Pakistan for the development of high pressure co-generation system to meet increasing energy demands in the country.
Microturbines are a green new way to power buildings while heating and cooling them. Also, microturbines burn waste gas from landfills, sewage treatment plants, farms and the like, turning it into clean electricity for the electric grid.
This seminar discusses micro-turbine generator (MTG) systems. MTGs are small, high-speed power plants that typically include a turbine, compressor, generator, and power electronics. They can be used for distributed energy applications to provide power for small to medium commercial and industrial loads. MTGs have recuperated or unrecuperated designs, with recuperated MTGs having higher efficiency due to heat recovery. They work by drawing in air, compressing and combusting it to power a turbine and generator. The generator output is then conditioned and converted to utility frequencies and voltages. MTGs have applications for backup power, power quality/reliability, and cogeneration. Future developments
The document discusses the development of microturbines, which are very small gas turbine engines that could power portable electronic devices for long periods from a small fuel source. A team at MIT led by Alan Epstein developed a microturbine design that would be less than 1% the size of a conventional gas turbine. Over seven years of research, they made significant progress developing working microturbine prototypes, addressing challenges like how to support a rotor spinning at over 2 million RPM. Microturbines could potentially deliver 10 times the power per unit weight compared to larger turbines, reducing fuel needs and costs for applications like aircraft.
This document is a summer training project report submitted by Emam Raza, a student of mechanical engineering at KIET School of Engineering & Technology. The report details Raza's training at the NTPC Dadri power plant. It includes declarations by Raza, acknowledgements of those who assisted him, and sections on India's power sector, the National Thermal Power Corporation, and details about the NTPC Dadri plant such as its location, capacity, layout, and descriptions of the coal handling plant and mill sub-systems.
CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION OF POWER PLANTSubarna Poddar
The document provides details about an industrial training report submitted by Subarna Poddar at NTPC Dadri power plant. It includes an overview of NTPC Dadri which operates both coal and gas based power plants with a total installed capacity of 2,159 MW. The report covers various aspects of the power generation process including the coal handling plant, main plant, steam cycles, boiler and turbine operations, instrumentation and control mechanisms. It provides figures and diagrams to explain the different units and processes at the thermal power station.
The document discusses using biogas from sources like landfills and wastewater treatment plants as fuel for onsite power generation using Capstone microturbines. It provides an overview of Capstone technologies, how biogas is conditioned and used as fuel for microturbines, maintenance requirements, and examples of biogas-to-energy projects using Capstone systems at various wastewater treatment plants and landfills.
A new small gas turbine technology is being developed which promises to bring the economic,environmental and convenience benefits,advancements in the automotive sector,generation of electricity and mechanical power needs of the commercial sector. The technol ogy is of the microturbines.The micro turbine is an example of Micro Electro Mechanical Systems,w hich is efficiently used to develop power at a small scale. Microturbines are small combustion turbines appr oximately the size of a refrigerator with outputs of 25 kW to 500 kW. Microturbines are part of the future of onsit e,or distributed energy and power generation. They are actually single shaft machines,in which turbine,compressor and generator are mounted on the single shaft. This unit can be used for distributed power,stand-alone power,stand-by power and vehicle application like turbocharger. The commercial customer requirement for small prime movers are that they be very cleans (low NOx,CO and unburned hydroc arbons),of better efficiency than the reciprocating engines,require infrequent maintenance,have a very low forced outage rate and of course be of low installed cost so as to provide rapid payback for the owner. These conditions are better fulfilled by the microturbines compared to the conventional Reciprocat ing Engines,Gas turbines,Coal fired steam engines etc.
The document provides information about the Dholpur Combined Cycle Power Plant (DCCPP) in Dholpur, India. It was set up due to the availability of land, water, transmission network and proximity to transportation. The total cost was 1155 crore rupees. The main equipment was supplied by BHEL and the fuel is R-LNG supplied by GAIL. It uses a combined cycle configuration where waste heat from the gas turbine powers a steam turbine, achieving higher efficiency. The plant uses natural gas to run both a gas turbine and steam turbine.
training report NTPC Muzaffarpur Bihar Dilip kumar
This document provides an industrial training report on the generation system of the National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd. (NTPC). It discusses the key components of a thermal power plant that use the modified Rankine cycle to convert the chemical energy of coal into electrical energy. These include the boiler, turbine, condenser, and other auxiliary components. The report also provides an overview of the processes involved in coal handling, steam generation, power generation using steam turbines, and electricity distribution at NTPC power plants. It aims to provide an understanding of the technical aspects and management of thermal power generation.
Microturbines are small combustion turbines approximately the size of a refrigerator that can generate 25-500 kW of electricity. They provide both electricity and thermal energy for heating and cooling. Microturbines are commercially available and use natural gas, hydrogen, propane or diesel as fuel. They have efficiencies of 20-30% and produce low NOx emissions. Microturbines offer distributed energy generation by producing power on-site, which eliminates transmission losses and enables combined heat and power applications. Their advantages include compact size, long maintenance intervals, low emissions and high efficiency compared to other distributed generation technologies.
Dholpur Combined Cycle Power Project (DCCPP) is located 55km from Agra, Rajasthan. It uses a combined cycle configuration where waste heat from the gas turbine is used in a heat recovery steam generator to produce steam for a steam turbine, improving efficiency. The plant cost Rs. 1155 crore to build and uses liquified natural gas supplied by GAIL as its main fuel. It was the first plant in northern India to use a MARK-6 control system.
Banti industrial training-report-on-ntpc-dadri GAS POWER PLANT94600banti
The document describes a report on an industrial training completed at the NTPC Dadri gas power plant. It provides an overview of NTPC and the Dadri station. The bulk of the document then focuses on introducing gas power plants, describing their components like the gas turbine starting system and fuel system. It explains how combined-cycle power plants work and the advantages they provide over conventional power generation methods.
The document summarizes an energy audit conducted on a thermal power plant in Jordan. The power plant produces 14.36 MW through a Rankine cycle using natural gas. A preliminary energy audit evaluated the performance of the plant's components, including the boiler, turbine, condenser, and pumps. The results showed deviations in efficiency for all components compared to their design specifications. Specifically, the boiler had the largest deviation of 4.9% efficiency, likely due to poor water and fuel quality and heat loss. Several solutions were proposed to improve the plant's efficiency.
IRJET - An Experimental Evaluation of Automobile Waste Heat Recovery System u...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study that evaluated an automobile waste heat recovery system using a thermoelectric generator. The study aimed to recover waste heat from two-wheeler vehicle silencers, which are typically dissipated as heat to the environment. A proof-of-concept model was developed using thermoelectric generators and heat pipes to convert the simulated hot air into electrical power. The results indicate that waste heat from vehicle exhausts, which currently contributes to pollution and energy inefficiency, can be harnessed via thermoelectric generators to improve efficiency and reduce emissions.
1) The document presents a performance analysis methodology developed for a parabolic dish solar concentrator (PDSC) system used for heating a thermic fluid for industrial process heating applications.
2) Key parameters that affect the performance of a PDSC system include design specifications, measured operating parameters, calculated parameters, and solar radiation geometry which depends on location.
3) The performance analysis methodology examines the role of each of these parameter types to evaluate a PDSC system's performance.
Performance Analysis Methodology for Parabolic Dish Solar Concentrators for P...IOSR Journals
1) The document presents a performance analysis methodology developed for a parabolic dish solar concentrator (PDSC) system used for heating a thermic fluid for industrial process heating applications.
2) Key parameters that affect the performance of a PDSC system include design specifications, measured operating parameters, calculated parameters, and solar radiation geometry which depends on location.
3) The performance analysis methodology examines the role of each of these parameter types to evaluate a PDSC system's performance.
This document provides information about a feasibility study for establishing a combined heat and power (CHP) plant in Northern Khazar, Tehran, Iran. It discusses the benefits of distributed generation including reduced transmission losses and environmental pollution. Common technologies used in distributed generation plants are described. Applications of CHP plants include various industries and commercial centers. The unique advantages of CHP systems that provide both electricity and heat are highlighted. A financial analysis is presented for a proposed 20 MW CHP plant located at an industrial zone in Semnan, Iran.
The document discusses several key topics regarding distributed generation (DG) integration and microgrids:
1) It defines the differences between "integration" which encompasses economic and managerial aspects, and "interconnection" which refers only to the technological aspects.
2) It describes various DG technologies that can be used in microgrids like combined heat and power (CHP) systems, gas turbines, steam turbines, reciprocating engines, microturbines, and fuel cells.
3) It discusses important economic and managerial considerations for microgrid feasibility and viability, such as capacity optimization, demand management, and tariff mechanisms. Technical impacts of DG interconnection like voltage changes and protection challenges are also covered.
1) The document discusses the performance of a solar chimney power plant with collector for application in Saudi Arabia. A mathematical model is developed to estimate parameters like power output, pressure drop, chimney height, airflow properties, and overall efficiency.
2) The results showed that a solar chimney power plant with a 200m chimney height, 10m diameter chimney, and 500m collector diameter could produce 118-224 kW of average monthly electric power.
3) Recommendations are made to reduce the construction costs of solar chimney power plants.
The document discusses various types of solar thermal power systems, including parabolic trough collector systems, power tower systems, dish systems, and solar updraft towers. Parabolic trough systems use parabolic mirrors to heat a fluid to around 400°C which is then used to create steam and power a turbine. Power tower systems use an array of mirrors to concentrate sunlight onto a central receiver atop a tower, where heat is transferred to a working fluid. Dish systems use dual-axis tracking mirrors to concentrate sunlight onto a receiver coupled to an engine. Solar updraft towers work by heating air under a greenhouse-like roof, which rises through a tall chimney and powers turbines at the base.
Statistical modeling and optimal energy distribution of cogeneration units b...IJECEIAES
Our main objective is to evaluate the performance of a new method to optimize the energy management of a production system composed of six cogeneration units using artificial intelligence. The optimization criterion is economic and environmental in order to minimize the total fuel cost, as well as the reduction of polluting gas emissions such as COx, NOx and SOx. First, a statistical model has been developed to determine the power that the cogeneration units can provide. Then, an economic model of operation was developed: fuel consumption and pollutant gas emissions as a function of the power produced. Finally, we studied the energy optimization of the system using genetic algorithms (GA), and contribute to the research on improving the efficiency of the studied power system. The GA has a better optimization performance, it can easily choose satisfactory solutions according to the optimization objectives, and compensate for these defects using its own characteristics. These characteristics make GA have outstanding advantages in iterative optimization. The robustness of the proposed algorithm is validated by testing six cogeneration units, and the obtained simulation results of the proposed system prove the value and effectiveness of GA for efficiency improvement as well as operating cost minimization.
Technical and market evaluation of thermal generation power plants in the Col...IJECEIAES
Thermal power plants are the widely conventional generation unit technology used to produce electricity being controllable and dispatchable. The location of thermal power plants depends on the energy availability conditions of the areas and the capacity to fuels access. Their location and geographical distribution define a high level of concentration in areas defined as thermal districts and its location define reliability, security, availability, and flexibility indices to avoid critical scenario or support system from contingencies. However, in many cases the electrical configuration does not correspond to requirements. This paper links the concentration by political distribution in Colombia and the configuration used in the generating substations to guarantee requirements. The Hirschman-Herfindahl index as a market tool is used to evaluate energy concentration facing representative participation in certain departments of Colombia. Results evidenced configurations and concentration in a study case, results and analysis could be used for planner to promote participation, reliability and promote. The paper’s contribution and conclusions are linked to guide planners towards market and technical tool to evaluate installed capacities, avoid market concentration, and reduce risky scenarios.
Using position control to improve the efficiency of wind turbineTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Wind energy is one of the renewable energies that can be using to generate electricity. Increasing demand for this type of renewable energy for sustainability and accessibility. Environmentally as it does not cause any pollution in addition to the abundance of required equipment and lessmaintenance and long operation life of its parts despite the high cost of the system at its installation but at long term, become cheaper. Wind power generators depend on their operation on wind speed and direction. Therefore,it should be installing in places where the wind speed is adequate and sufficient to rotate its rotor, it knows that wind speed is variable in its speed and direction they change every hour and every season. In this design, many practical and theoretical (simulation) experiments have been done which will be mentioned and explained in details in this research shows that this mechanism raises the efficiency of wind power generators by 80% when the rotor of the wind turbine directed towards the wind than if they were fixed direction.
The document discusses magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) power generation. It describes MHD generators that directly convert heat from ionized gases into electricity using magnetic fields. There are open-cycle and closed-cycle MHD systems. Open-cycle systems use gases once and then discharge them, while closed-cycle systems circulate working fluids like helium or argon in a loop. Hybrid MHD systems couple an MHD generator with a steam turbine to further improve efficiency. MHD systems have advantages like high efficiency but also disadvantages like high costs and challenges with high temperatures.
IRJET- Hybrid Renewable Energy Based Micro GridIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed hybrid renewable energy microgrid system. It discusses the design of the microgrid, which integrates solar and wind energy sources along with an energy storage system. The microgrid is intended to provide power reliably while reducing dependence on fossil fuels. The document outlines the various components of the microgrid, including the renewable energy sources, energy storage, power electronics for integration and control. It also provides simulation results of the microgrid operating over 24 hours and meeting varying electricity demands. The microgrid design aims to demonstrate coordinated control of distributed energy resources to power homes and critical loads efficiently using hybrid renewable sources.
Novel technique for maximizing the thermal efficiency of a hybrid pveSAT Journals
Abstract In this paper a comparison between numerical model and experimental work results for a fixed Photovoltaic/ Thermal (PV/T) hybrid system is presented. The simulation in this work is based on a numerical model in solving the equations and determining the Photovoltaic (PV) cells thermal characteristics using both MATLAB and COMSOL Multiphysics. COMSOL is simulating the electromagnetic waves produced by the Sun through solving Maxwell's equations in three dimensions using Finite Elements Methods (FEM) and the sun irradiance is assumed to be Gaussian distribution across the twelve mourning hours. Beside that an experimental work is presented depending on the results conjured from the theoretical experience used in Comsol Multiphysics. A Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) is used to control the solenoid valve operation. In addition to the above a thermal analysis for the fixed PV modules and the piping water is presented where the output water temperatures, rate of heat transfer, overall heat transfer coefficient and thermal efficiency are calculated. As a result, a significant enhancement in the total thermal efficiency is observed with acceptable increase in the output water temperature. Keywords: Cooling systems; DAQ; Hybrid; COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS; MATLAB; Solid work; Lab view.
The document is a seminar report on utilizing a hybrid PV-wind energy system. It discusses the need for hybrid power plants due to the disadvantages of conventional combustion generators like pollution. It then explains hybrid power systems using examples like solar-wind. The report focuses on a solar-wind hybrid power station, providing block diagrams of the system components and an overview of how solar and wind energy work. It discusses combining wind turbines and solar panels in a hybrid system for increased reliability. The conclusion is that a hybrid PV-wind system can provide stable power supply by maximizing the strengths of both solar and wind energy sources.
Design of Heat Exchanger Network for VCM Distillation Unit Using Pinch Techno...IJERA Editor
In process industries, heat exchanger networks represent an important part of the plant structure. The purpose of the networks is to maximize heat recovery, thereby lowering the overall plant costs. In process industries, during operation of any heat exchanger network (HEN), the major aim is to focus on the best performance of the network As in present condition of fuel crises is one of the major problem faced by many country & industrial utility is majorly depend on this. There is technique called process integration which is used for integrate heat within loop so optimize the given process and minimize the heating load and cooling load .In the present study of heat integration on VCM (vinyl chloride monomer) distillation unit, Heat exchanger network (HEN) is designed by using Aspen energy analyzer V8.0 software. This software implements a methodology for HEN synthesis with the use of pinch technology. Several heat integration networks are designed with different ΔT min and total annualized cost compared to obtain the optimal design. The network with a ΔT min of 90C is the most optimal where the largest energy savings are obtained with the appropriate use of utilities (Save 15.3764% for hot utilities and 47.52% for cold utilities compared with the current plant configuration). Percentage reduction in total operating cost is 18.333%. From calculation Payback Period for new design is 3.15 year. This save could be done through a plant revamp, with the addition of two heat exchangers. This improvement are done in the process associated with this technique are not due to the use of advance unit operation, but to the generation of heat integration scheme. The Pinch Design Method can be employed to give good designs in rapid time and with minimum data.
Micropower system optimization for the telecommunication towers based on var...IJECEIAES
This study investigates the technical and cost-effective performance of options renewable energy sources to develop a green off-grid telecommunication tower to replace diesel generators in Malaysia. For this purpose, the solar, wind, pico-hydro energy, along with diesel generators, were examined to compare. In addition, the modeling of hybrid powering systems was conducted using hybrid optimization model for energy (HOMER) simulation based on techno-economic analysis to determine the optimal economically feasible system. The optimization findings showed that the hybrid high-efficiency fixed photovoltaic (PV) system with battery followed by 2 kW pico-hydropower and battery are the optimal configurations for powering off-grid telecommunication towers in Malaysia with the lowest net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE). These costs of NPC and COE are more down than diesel generator costs with battery by 17.45%, 16.45%, 15.9%, and 15.5%, respectively. Furthermore, the economic evaluation of the high-efficiency solar fixed PV panels system annual cash flow compared to the diesel generator with the battery system indicated a ten-year payback period.
IRJET- Improve the Efficiency of Combined Cycle Power PlantIRJET Journal
This document discusses methods to improve the efficiency of combined cycle power plants. It begins with an introduction to combined cycle power plants, which improve efficiency by capturing waste heat from a gas turbine to power a steam turbine. Recent research has achieved total efficiencies of 50-60%. The document then discusses several proposed methods to further improve efficiency, such as increasing steam temperatures and pressures or implementing reheat. Calculations show these methods could increase the net efficiency of steam turbines by 22.1%, gas turbines by 12.9%, and the steam part of combined cycle plants by 4.2%. The conclusion states that improving efficiency is important as global energy demand grows to produce more electricity at lower cost.
Techno-Economic Analysis of Stand-Alone Hybrid Energy System for the Electrif...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper explores the potential of use of stand-alone hybrid wind/solar energy system in electrification of calibrating equipment of drilling oil rig in Iran. To achieve this, different hybrid energy system configurations based on calibration equipment demand are proposed. This study puts emphasis on the energy production and cost of energy from both wind turbine and photovoltaic (PV) in the hybrid system. In addition, to make conditions more realistic, the real meteorological data is used for HOMER software to perform the technical and economic analysis of the hybrid system. Results indicate that the PV array shares more electricity production than the wind turbine generator if both wind turbine and PV array are utilized in the wind/solar hybrid system. Moreover, results show that the operational cost will be reduced by the suggested hybrid system.
IRJET- IC Engine Waste Heat Recovery SystemsIRJET Journal
The document summarizes various waste heat recovery systems for internal combustion engines. It discusses organic Rankine cycle systems and thermoelectric generator systems for recovering heat from engine exhaust gases. Organic Rankine cycle systems use a turbine to convert the thermal energy of exhaust gases into electricity via a Rankine cycle. Thermoelectric generators use the Seebeck effect to directly convert a temperature difference into electricity. The document analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these waste heat recovery technologies and their potential to improve engine efficiency and reduce emissions.
Similar to Modelling of solar micro gas turbine for parabolic dish based controller application (20)
Amazon products reviews classification based on machine learning, deep learni...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In recent times, the trend of online shopping through e-commerce stores and websites has grown to a huge extent. Whenever a product is purchased on an e-commerce platform, people leave their reviews about the product. These reviews are very helpful for the store owners and the product’s manufacturers for the betterment of their work process as well as product quality. An automated system is proposed in this work that operates on two datasets D1 and D2 obtained from Amazon. After certain preprocessing steps, N-gram and word embedding-based features are extracted using term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), bag of words (BoW) and global vectors (GloVe), and Word2vec, respectively. Four machine learning (ML) models support vector machines (SVM), logistic regression (RF), logistic regression (LR), multinomial Naïve Bayes (MNB), two deep learning (DL) models convolutional neural network (CNN), long-short term memory (LSTM), and standalone bidirectional encoder representations (BERT) are used to classify reviews as either positive or negative. The results obtained by the standard ML, DL models and BERT are evaluated using certain performance evaluation measures. BERT turns out to be the best-performing model in the case of D1 with an accuracy of 90% on features derived by word embedding models while the CNN provides the best accuracy of 97% upon word embedding features in the case of D2. The proposed model shows better overall performance on D2 as compared to D1.
Design, simulation, and analysis of microstrip patch antenna for wireless app...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this study, a microstrip patch antenna that works at 3.6 GHz was built and tested to see how well it works. In this work, Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 has been used as the substrate material, with a dielectric permittivity of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.3451 mm; it serves as the base for the examined antenna. The computer simulation technology (CST) studio suite is utilized to show the recommended antenna design. The goal of this study was to get a more extensive transmission capacity, a lower voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and a lower return loss, but the main goal was to get a higher gain, directivity, and efficiency. After simulation, the return loss, gain, directivity, bandwidth, and efficiency of the supplied antenna are found to be -17.626 dB, 9.671 dBi, 9.924 dBi, 0.2 GHz, and 97.45%, respectively. Besides, the recreation uncovered that the transfer speed side-lobe level at phi was much better than those of the earlier works, at -28.8 dB, respectively. Thus, it makes a solid contender for remote innovation and more robust communication.
Design and simulation an optimal enhanced PI controller for congestion avoida...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This document describes using a snake optimization algorithm to tune the gains of an enhanced proportional-integral controller for congestion avoidance in a TCP/AQM system. The controller aims to maintain a stable and desired queue size without noise or transmission problems. A linearized model of the TCP/AQM system is presented. An enhanced PI controller combining nonlinear gain and original PI gains is proposed. The snake optimization algorithm is then used to tune the parameters of the enhanced PI controller to achieve optimal system performance and response. Simulation results are discussed showing the proposed controller provides a stable and robust behavior for congestion control.
Improving the detection of intrusion in vehicular ad-hoc networks with modifi...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are wireless-equipped vehicles that form networks along the road. The security of this network has been a major challenge. The identity-based cryptosystem (IBC) previously used to secure the networks suffers from membership authentication security features. This paper focuses on improving the detection of intruders in VANETs with a modified identity-based cryptosystem (MIBC). The MIBC is developed using a non-singular elliptic curve with Lagrange interpolation. The public key of vehicles and roadside units on the network are derived from number plates and location identification numbers, respectively. Pseudo-identities are used to mask the real identity of users to preserve their privacy. The membership authentication mechanism ensures that only valid and authenticated members of the network are allowed to join the network. The performance of the MIBC is evaluated using intrusion detection ratio (IDR) and computation time (CT) and then validated with the existing IBC. The result obtained shows that the MIBC recorded an IDR of 99.3% against 94.3% obtained for the existing identity-based cryptosystem (EIBC) for 140 unregistered vehicles attempting to intrude on the network. The MIBC shows lower CT values of 1.17 ms against 1.70 ms for EIBC. The MIBC can be used to improve the security of VANETs.
Conceptual model of internet banking adoption with perceived risk and trust f...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Understanding the primary factors of internet banking (IB) acceptance is critical for both banks and users; nevertheless, our knowledge of the role of users’ perceived risk and trust in IB adoption is limited. As a result, we develop a conceptual model by incorporating perceived risk and trust into the technology acceptance model (TAM) theory toward the IB. The proper research emphasized that the most essential component in explaining IB adoption behavior is behavioral intention to use IB adoption. TAM is helpful for figuring out how elements that affect IB adoption are connected to one another. According to previous literature on IB and the use of such technology in Iraq, one has to choose a theoretical foundation that may justify the acceptance of IB from the customer’s perspective. The conceptual model was therefore constructed using the TAM as a foundation. Furthermore, perceived risk and trust were added to the TAM dimensions as external factors. The key objective of this work was to extend the TAM to construct a conceptual model for IB adoption and to get sufficient theoretical support from the existing literature for the essential elements and their relationships in order to unearth new insights about factors responsible for IB adoption.
Efficient combined fuzzy logic and LMS algorithm for smart antennaTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The smart antennas are broadly used in wireless communication. The least mean square (LMS) algorithm is a procedure that is concerned in controlling the smart antenna pattern to accommodate specified requirements such as steering the beam toward the desired signal, in addition to placing the deep nulls in the direction of unwanted signals. The conventional LMS (C-LMS) has some drawbacks like slow convergence speed besides high steady state fluctuation error. To overcome these shortcomings, the present paper adopts an adaptive fuzzy control step size least mean square (FC-LMS) algorithm to adjust its step size. Computer simulation outcomes illustrate that the given model has fast convergence rate as well as low mean square error steady state.
Design and implementation of a LoRa-based system for warning of forest fireTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper presents the design and implementation of a forest fire monitoring and warning system based on long range (LoRa) technology, a novel ultra-low power consumption and long-range wireless communication technology for remote sensing applications. The proposed system includes a wireless sensor network that records environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the air, as well as taking infrared photos.The data collected at each sensor node will be transmitted to the gateway via LoRa wireless transmission. Data will be collected, processed, and uploaded to a cloud database at the gateway. An Android smartphone application that allows anyone to easily view the recorded data has been developed. When a fire is detected, the system will sound a siren and send a warning message to the responsible personnel, instructing them to take appropriate action. Experiments in Tram Chim Park, Vietnam, have been conducted to verify and evaluate the operation of the system.
Wavelet-based sensing technique in cognitive radio networkTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Cognitive radio is a smart radio that can change its transmitter parameter based on interaction with the environment in which it operates. The demand for frequency spectrum is growing due to a big data issue as many Internet of Things (IoT) devices are in the network. Based on previous research, most frequency spectrum was used, but some spectrums were not used, called spectrum hole. Energy detection is one of the spectrum sensing methods that has been frequently used since it is easy to use and does not require license users to have any prior signal understanding. But this technique is incapable of detecting at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels. Therefore, the wavelet-based sensing is proposed to overcome this issue and detect spectrum holes. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the performance of wavelet-based sensing and compare it with the energy detection technique. The findings show that the percentage of detection in wavelet-based sensing is 83% higher than energy detection performance. This result indicates that the wavelet-based sensing has higher precision in detection and the interference towards primary user can be decreased.
A novel compact dual-band bandstop filter with enhanced rejection bandsTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this paper, we present the design of a new wide dual-band bandstop filter (DBBSF) using nonuniform transmission lines. The method used to design this filter is to replace conventional uniform transmission lines with nonuniform lines governed by a truncated Fourier series. Based on how impedances are profiled in the proposed DBBSF structure, the fractional bandwidths of the two 10 dB-down rejection bands are widened to 39.72% and 52.63%, respectively, and the physical size has been reduced compared to that of the filter with the uniform transmission lines. The results of the electromagnetic (EM) simulation support the obtained analytical response and show an improved frequency behavior.
Deep learning approach to DDoS attack with imbalanced data at the application...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
A distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack is where one or more computers attack or target a server computer, by flooding internet traffic to the server. As a result, the server cannot be accessed by legitimate users. A result of this attack causes enormous losses for a company because it can reduce the level of user trust, and reduce the company’s reputation to lose customers due to downtime. One of the services at the application layer that can be accessed by users is a web-based lightweight directory access protocol (LDAP) service that can provide safe and easy services to access directory applications. We used a deep learning approach to detect DDoS attacks on the CICDDoS 2019 dataset on a complex computer network at the application layer to get fast and accurate results for dealing with unbalanced data. Based on the results obtained, it is observed that DDoS attack detection using a deep learning approach on imbalanced data performs better when implemented using synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) method for binary classes. On the other hand, the proposed deep learning approach performs better for detecting DDoS attacks in multiclass when implemented using the adaptive synthetic (ADASYN) method.
The appearance of uncertainties and disturbances often effects the characteristics of either linear or nonlinear systems. Plus, the stabilization process may be deteriorated thus incurring a catastrophic effect to the system performance. As such, this manuscript addresses the concept of matching condition for the systems that are suffering from miss-match uncertainties and exogeneous disturbances. The perturbation towards the system at hand is assumed to be known and unbounded. To reach this outcome, uncertainties and their classifications are reviewed thoroughly. The structural matching condition is proposed and tabulated in the proposition 1. Two types of mathematical expressions are presented to distinguish the system with matched uncertainty and the system with miss-matched uncertainty. Lastly, two-dimensional numerical expressions are provided to practice the proposed proposition. The outcome shows that matching condition has the ability to change the system to a design-friendly model for asymptotic stabilization.
Implementation of FinFET technology based low power 4×4 Wallace tree multipli...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Many systems, including digital signal processors, finite impulse response (FIR) filters, application-specific integrated circuits, and microprocessors, use multipliers. The demand for low power multipliers is gradually rising day by day in the current technological trend. In this study, we describe a 4×4 Wallace multiplier based on a carry select adder (CSA) that uses less power and has a better power delay product than existing multipliers. HSPICE tool at 16 nm technology is used to simulate the results. In comparison to the traditional CSA-based multiplier, which has a power consumption of 1.7 µW and power delay product (PDP) of 57.3 fJ, the results demonstrate that the Wallace multiplier design employing CSA with first zero finding logic (FZF) logic has the lowest power consumption of 1.4 µW and PDP of 27.5 fJ.
Evaluation of the weighted-overlap add model with massive MIMO in a 5G systemTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The flaw in 5G orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) becomes apparent in high-speed situations. Because the doppler effect causes frequency shifts, the orthogonality of OFDM subcarriers is broken, lowering both their bit error rate (BER) and throughput output. As part of this research, we use a novel design that combines massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) and weighted overlap and add (WOLA) to improve the performance of 5G systems. To determine which design is superior, throughput and BER are calculated for both the proposed design and OFDM. The results of the improved system show a massive improvement in performance ver the conventional system and significant improvements with massive MIMO, including the best throughput and BER. When compared to conventional systems, the improved system has a throughput that is around 22% higher and the best performance in terms of BER, but it still has around 25% less error than OFDM.
Reflector antenna design in different frequencies using frequency selective s...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this study, it is aimed to obtain two different asymmetric radiation patterns obtained from antennas in the shape of the cross-section of a parabolic reflector (fan blade type antennas) and antennas with cosecant-square radiation characteristics at two different frequencies from a single antenna. For this purpose, firstly, a fan blade type antenna design will be made, and then the reflective surface of this antenna will be completed to the shape of the reflective surface of the antenna with the cosecant-square radiation characteristic with the frequency selective surface designed to provide the characteristics suitable for the purpose. The frequency selective surface designed and it provides the perfect transmission as possible at 4 GHz operating frequency, while it will act as a band-quenching filter for electromagnetic waves at 5 GHz operating frequency and will be a reflective surface. Thanks to this frequency selective surface to be used as a reflective surface in the antenna, a fan blade type radiation characteristic at 4 GHz operating frequency will be obtained, while a cosecant-square radiation characteristic at 5 GHz operating frequency will be obtained.
Reagentless iron detection in water based on unclad fiber optical sensorTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
A simple and low-cost fiber based optical sensor for iron detection is demonstrated in this paper. The sensor head consist of an unclad optical fiber with the unclad length of 1 cm and it has a straight structure. Results obtained shows a linear relationship between the output light intensity and iron concentration, illustrating the functionality of this iron optical sensor. Based on the experimental results, the sensitivity and linearity are achieved at 0.0328/ppm and 0.9824 respectively at the wavelength of 690 nm. With the same wavelength, other performance parameters are also studied. Resolution and limit of detection (LOD) are found to be 0.3049 ppm and 0.0755 ppm correspondingly. This iron sensor is advantageous in that it does not require any reagent for detection, enabling it to be simpler and cost-effective in the implementation of the iron sensing.
Impact of CuS counter electrode calcination temperature on quantum dot sensit...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In place of the commercial Pt electrode used in quantum sensitized solar cells, the low-cost CuS cathode is created using electrophoresis. High resolution scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the structure and morphology of structural cubic samples with diameters ranging from 40 nm to 200 nm. The conversion efficiency of solar cells is significantly impacted by the calcination temperatures of cathodes at 100 °C, 120 °C, 150 °C, and 180 °C under vacuum. The fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO)/CuS cathode electrode reached a maximum efficiency of 3.89% when it was calcined at 120 °C. Compared to other temperature combinations, CuS nanoparticles crystallize at 120 °C, which lowers resistance while increasing electron lifetime.
In place of the commercial Pt electrode used in quantum sensitized solar cells, the low-cost CuS cathode is created using electrophoresis. High resolution scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the structure and morphology of structural cubic samples with diameters ranging from 40 nm to 200 nm. The conversion efficiency of solar cells is significantly impacted by the calcination temperatures of cathodes at 100 °C, 120 °C, 150 °C, and 180 °C under vacuum. The fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO)/CuS cathode electrode reached a maximum efficiency of 3.89% when it was calcined at 120 °C. Compared to other temperature combinations, CuS nanoparticles crystallize at 120 °C, which lowers resistance while increasing electron lifetime.
A progressive learning for structural tolerance online sequential extreme lea...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This article discusses the progressive learning for structural tolerance online sequential extreme learning machine (PSTOS-ELM). PSTOS-ELM can save robust accuracy while updating the new data and the new class data on the online training situation. The robustness accuracy arises from using the householder block exact QR decomposition recursive least squares (HBQRD-RLS) of the PSTOS-ELM. This method is suitable for applications that have data streaming and often have new class data. Our experiment compares the PSTOS-ELM accuracy and accuracy robustness while data is updating with the batch-extreme learning machine (ELM) and structural tolerance online sequential extreme learning machine (STOS-ELM) that both must retrain the data in a new class data case. The experimental results show that PSTOS-ELM has accuracy and robustness comparable to ELM and STOS-ELM while also can update new class data immediately.
Electroencephalography-based brain-computer interface using neural networksTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This study aimed to develop a brain-computer interface that can control an electric wheelchair using electroencephalography (EEG) signals. First, we used the Mind Wave Mobile 2 device to capture raw EEG signals from the surface of the scalp. The signals were transformed into the frequency domain using fast Fourier transform (FFT) and filtered to monitor changes in attention and relaxation. Next, we performed time and frequency domain analyses to identify features for five eye gestures: opened, closed, blink per second, double blink, and lookup. The base state was the opened-eyes gesture, and we compared the features of the remaining four action gestures to the base state to identify potential gestures. We then built a multilayer neural network to classify these features into five signals that control the wheelchair’s movement. Finally, we designed an experimental wheelchair system to test the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results demonstrate that the EEG classification was highly accurate and computationally efficient. Moreover, the average performance of the brain-controlled wheelchair system was over 75% across different individuals, which suggests the feasibility of this approach.
Adaptive segmentation algorithm based on level set model in medical imagingTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
For image segmentation, level set models are frequently employed. It offer best solution to overcome the main limitations of deformable parametric models. However, the challenge when applying those models in medical images stills deal with removing blurs in image edges which directly affects the edge indicator function, leads to not adaptively segmenting images and causes a wrong analysis of pathologies wich prevents to conclude a correct diagnosis. To overcome such issues, an effective process is suggested by simultaneously modelling and solving systems’ two-dimensional partial differential equations (PDE). The first PDE equation allows restoration using Euler’s equation similar to an anisotropic smoothing based on a regularized Perona and Malik filter that eliminates noise while preserving edge information in accordance with detected contours in the second equation that segments the image based on the first equation solutions. This approach allows developing a new algorithm which overcome the studied model drawbacks. Results of the proposed method give clear segments that can be applied to any application. Experiments on many medical images in particular blurry images with high information losses, demonstrate that the developed approach produces superior segmentation results in terms of quantity and quality compared to other models already presented in previeous works.
Automatic channel selection using shuffled frog leaping algorithm for EEG bas...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Drug addiction is a complex neurobiological disorder that necessitates comprehensive treatment of both the body and mind. It is categorized as a brain disorder due to its impact on the brain. Various methods such as electroencephalography (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI), and magnetoencephalography (MEG) can capture brain activities and structures. EEG signals provide valuable insights into neurological disorders, including drug addiction. Accurate classification of drug addiction from EEG signals relies on appropriate features and channel selection. Choosing the right EEG channels is essential to reduce computational costs and mitigate the risk of overfitting associated with using all available channels. To address the challenge of optimal channel selection in addiction detection from EEG signals, this work employs the shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA). SFLA facilitates the selection of appropriate channels, leading to improved accuracy. Wavelet features extracted from the selected input channel signals are then analyzed using various machine learning classifiers to detect addiction. Experimental results indicate that after selecting features from the appropriate channels, classification accuracy significantly increased across all classifiers. Particularly, the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) classifier combined with SFLA demonstrated a remarkable accuracy improvement of 15.78% while reducing time complexity.
Online train ticket booking system project.pdfKamal Acharya
Rail transport is one of the important modes of transport in India. Now a days we
see that there are railways that are present for the long as well as short distance
travelling which makes the life of the people easier. When compared to other
means of transport, a railway is the cheapest means of transport. The maintenance
of the railway database also plays a major role in the smooth running of this
system. The Online Train Ticket Management System will help in reserving the
tickets of the railways to travel from a particular source to the destination.
This is an overview of my career in Aircraft Design and Structures, which I am still trying to post on LinkedIn. Includes my BAE Systems Structural Test roles/ my BAE Systems key design roles and my current work on academic projects.
An In-Depth Exploration of Natural Language Processing: Evolution, Applicatio...DharmaBanothu
Natural language processing (NLP) has
recently garnered significant interest for the
computational representation and analysis of human
language. Its applications span multiple domains such
as machine translation, email spam detection,
information extraction, summarization, healthcare,
and question answering. This paper first delineates
four phases by examining various levels of NLP and
components of Natural Language Generation,
followed by a review of the history and progression of
NLP. Subsequently, we delve into the current state of
the art by presenting diverse NLP applications,
contemporary trends, and challenges. Finally, we
discuss some available datasets, models, and
evaluation metrics in NLP.
An In-Depth Exploration of Natural Language Processing: Evolution, Applicatio...
Modelling of solar micro gas turbine for parabolic dish based controller application
1. TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control
Vol. 18, No. 6, December 2020, pp. 3184~3190
ISSN: 1693-6930, accredited First Grade by Kemenristekdikti, Decree No: 21/E/KPT/2018
DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i6.16676 3184
Journal homepage: http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/TELKOMNIKA
Modelling of solar micro gas turbine for parabolic dish based
controller application
Syariffah Othman1
, Mohd Ruddin Ab. Ghani2
, Zanariah Jano3
, Tole Sutikno4
1,2
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Malaysia
3
Centre for Languages and Human Development, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Malaysia
4
Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia
Article Info ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received May 13, 2020
Revised Jul 1, 2020
Accepted Jul 9, 2020
Dish-Stirling unit and photovoltaic panels are the premier technologies available
to generate off-grid solar energy. The major issue for both systems is in terms of
producing output power. Air-Brayton cycle was utilized as an engine by
converting the thermal energy to electricity. Micro gas turbine (MGT) has been
recognized as one of the viable alternatives compared to Stirling engines, where
it represents a state-of-art parabolic dish engine specifically in turbine gas
technology. Hence, the micro gas turbine is a technology that is capable of
controlling low carbon while providing electricity in off-grid regions. MGT uses
any gas as its input like natural gas, biogas and others. Micro gas turbine has
advantages for its high expansion ratio and less moving components. Compared
to competing for diesel generators, the electricity costs from hybrid solar units
were reduced between 10% and 43%, whereas specific CO2 emissions reduced
by 20-35%. MGT provides advantages over photovoltaic systems such as the
inherent ability to hybridize the systems with hydrocarbon fuels to produce
electricity around the clock, and the ability to operate more effectively in very
hot climates with photovoltaic performance degradation over the lifetime of the
system. Hybrid solar micro gas-turbines are cost-effective, eco-friendly and
pollution free as they can work by burning any gas like natural gas, landfill gas
and others. This paper presented the controls contained in the MGT-dish system
consisted of temperature control, fuel flow control, speed and acceleration
control. A conceptual design of the 25kW MGT-dish system was also covered.
Keywords:
Micro gas turbine
Dish system
This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.
Corresponding Author:
Mohd Ruddin Ab. Ghani,
Faculty of Electrical Engineering,
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka,
Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal Melaka, Malaysia.
Email: dpdruddin@utem.edu.my
1. INTRODUCTION
Solar energy offers a sustainable and environmentally-friendly manner to reduce dependence on fuel
especially for an area with the high solar energy resources. Off-grid solar power consists of two main
technologies namely dish-Stirling units and photovoltaic panel [1, 2]. However, some features of these two
technologies have few disadvantages. The impact of fluctuations in solar supplies is a major issue for both
systems in producing output power. Although unused outputs are stored in batteries that have been integrated
with photovoltaic panels, indirectly, the cost of producing electricity is increasing. Regarding dish-stirling,
the low-cost thermal energy storage can be integrated with the unit. However, only the small storage capacity
can be installed due to structural constraints by solar dishes. Hence, causing low availability of this system
2. TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control
Modelling of solar micro gas turbine for parabolic dish based controller application (Syariffah Othman)
3185
every year. Micro gas turbine (MGT)-dish will show some advantages over both systems [3]. The hybrid
system, where solar energy comes with fuel reserves (such as local biodiesel), allows MGT solar to supply
controlled power on demand to households, without the need for investment in expensive batteries [4-6]. Other
than that, the thermal energy contained in the MGT exhaust also provides the opportunity to provide additional
services, like heating, cooling, and water purification through the use of poly-generation technology [2, 7].
Micro turbine is a new generation of distributed technology. The structural is compact, small,
containing high-speed combustion and high-speed turbines with an output between 25 kW and 500 kW [8, 9].
Micro turbine often produces electricity and heat on a relatively small-scale for stationary generation
applications. The micro turbine provides mechanical input power in the form of high-speed rotation to
the generator, and the generator turns it into electrical energy. Distributed generation using micro turbines is
a typical solution for stand-alone, and the application on the site is far from the power grids [10, 11]. Other
applications for this system are cogeneration generation (heat and power generation are combined), peak
shaking, standing with power generation, increased reliability, energy cost reduction, power boost capacity and
pollutant emission reductions.
Micro turbine offers a lot of advantages over other technologies, such as long lifetime (+45,000 hours),
small size, lightweight, fast response, few moving parts, lower emission, higher efficiency, higher flexibility,
lower electricity costs, and opportunity to utilize waste fuel with less noise than reciprocating engines [4, 12].
The micro turbine is expected to take a significant share in the distributed generation market because of its
relatively small size, low capital costs, low operation and maintenance costs. In addition, the micro turbine
offers clean and efficient solutions for a mechanical-driven direct market, such as air conditioning and
air compression [13]. In this study, a conceptual design of a hybrid MGT-dish with 25 kW output was
developed to achieve a better performance and prevent the disadvantages of the dish-Stirling. For this hybrid
unit, a basic receiver was utilized by utilizing an impinging cavity receiver concept. Besides, a cavity shape
was chosen from a semi-spherical bottom and a cylindrical absorber wall, because of its durability under
high-pressure and temperature and simple structure [4, 14, 15].
2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND METHODOLOGY
The hybrid gas turbine consists of compressor, recuperator, combustor, solar receiver and turbine,
as shown in Figure 1. In most designs, combustor, and turbine of a high-temperature are placed in the center
of the system in order to make the structure more compact and the receiver, the least heat loss. The system is
surrounded by recuperator and cold air channel of a low-temperature [16-19]. The compressor compressed
the air and was heated up by the recuperator. Then, the air was heated to higher temperature by solar
receivers. Then, the air would enter the combustion chamber directly when it came out from the solar receiver.
At the combustion chamber, the air was heated to fulfill the inlet turbine temperature requirement, which was
set to 950°C just to maintain the uncooled blades [4, 20]. Then, the waste gas expanded to a single stage axial
turbine coupled with the same shaft as the compressor and generator. Furthermore, to achieve high efficiency
for a gas turbine, the receiver is placed before the combustor where the air can be heated to a higher temperature
by the combustion chamber [21]. The MGT is designed at nominal conditions (an ambient temperature of
15°C and a solar direct normal irradiance of 800 W/m2
) for generating 25 kW [3, 16, 22]. The Matlab/Simulink
tool was used to model the system and simulate the electric power generation under solar radiation.
The simulation model for the proposed proportional derivative (PD) hybrid power generation system is
illustrated in Figure 2.
Figure 1. Schematic of the hybrid gas turbine [4]
3. ISSN: 1693-6930
TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control, Vol. 18, No. 6, December 2020: 3184 - 3190
3186
Figure 2. MGT-dish system (single-shaft design) [4]
2.1. PD system characteristic and model
In this MGT-dish design, the air was compressed in the compressor and recuperator warmed up
the air in the second step. Then, the air from the recuperator enters the receiver through the combustor wall
cooling ducts [23]. In the case of ‘sun on’, basically, the inlet parameters of the receiver are the outlet air
parameters of the recuperator [24]. Hence, the reflectance of the dish was set to 96% (silver), and 45° of rim
angle was set to fulfill the requirements of the gas turbine [4, 25]. Normally, most of the concentrated solar
irradiation was absorbed through the aperture and blackbody where cavity receiver considered it as a receiver
design. In this case, the estimate of the receiver optical efficiency including the intercept efficiency was 95%.
In additon, the receiver thermal efficiency was estimated to 80% [4, 26]. Therefore, based on the reflectance
of the dish, the heat power absorbed by the working fluid, and the efficiency of the receiver, the dish with
a diameter of 11 metres was selected. One of the key parameters that could affect the optical efficiency and
the final flux distribution on the focal plane beyond the reflectance was slope error. In this paper, a 2 metres
radius dish slope error was estimated to measure data from DISTAL II and EuroDish [4, 27].
In the micro turbine system, the control system consisted of speed and acceleration control,
temperature control, and fuel flow control. Speed control was to control the micro turbine speed at different
load conditions. However, acceleration control was to control the speed rate limits during the initial micro
turbine. Control limits of the output power upper limit acted by temperature control. Besides, the fuel flow
controlled the amount of fuel that was put into the combustion when the load changed. The least value gate
(LVG) would control all the output from control function block. Figure 3 shows micro turbine’s block diagram.
It indicated the lowest output of three inputs and which input produced the least fuel to the turbine compressor.
Each subsystem of the micro turbine is discussed in the following subsections [1, 2, 28-31].
Figure 3. Block diagram of micro turbine [28]
2.2. Speed and acceleration control
In the MGT system, the speed control would operate on speed errors formed between the speed of
the rotor and a reference (one per-unit) speed. This is how the micro turbine controlled the load for different
conditions. Figure 4 shows the speed control that is often modeled by a PID controller or used a lead-lag transfer
4. TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control
Modelling of solar micro gas turbine for parabolic dish based controller application (Syariffah Othman)
3187
function. Acceleration control was used for start-up time of the MGT to limit the increasing rate of rotor speed
before reaching the operating speed. The system operating speed was close to rated speed, causing the elimination
of the acceleration control in the modeling. Yet, the present study utilized the acceleration control.
Figure 4. Speed control of a micro turbine [28]
2.3. Temperature control
The input signals to the temperature control system were fuel demand signal and turbine speed, which
output was a temperature control signal to the LVG. A temperature control block diagram is shown in Figure 5.
The thermocouple output was normally lower than the reference temperature. However, when thermocouple
temperature was higher than reference value, the result was a negative error, which was the input of the LVG and
temperature control started decreasing to reach the former temperature [28].
Figure 5. Temperature control of a micro turbine [28]
2.4. Fuel system
The fuel system control was a series block off the fuel valve and actuator. Figure 6 shows a fuel
control system for the MGT. The output of LVG, Vce, was scaled by the gain K3 and offset by K6 that was
representing fuel flow at no load condition [28].
Figure 6. Fuel system of a micro turbine [28]
2.5. Compressor turbine system
The compressor turbine package was an important part of an MGT and they were considered as
a package because they were mounted on the same shaft. The input signals to the gas turbine were the fuel flow
Wf signal that was achieved from the fuel control system and the rotor speed deviation [28]. The compressor
turbine system is represented in Figure 7. Basically, the torque and the characteristics of turbine exhaust
temperature were both linear with respect to fuel flow and turbine speed. The following equation is as follows:
Torque = KHHV (Wf2 – 0.23) + 0.5(1-N) (Nm)
Exhaust Temp, Tx = TR – 700(1 – Wf1) + 550(1-N) (F)
5. ISSN: 1693-6930
TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control, Vol. 18, No. 6, December 2020: 3184 - 3190
3188
Figure 7. Compressor-turbine of a micro turbine [28]
3. SIMULATION ANALYSIS
MATLAB/Simulink was used in building a microturbine simulation model. For all simulations,
speed reference was kept constant at 1 p.u. Initially, a simulation of the MGT system was operating without
any load [32]. Figure 8 showed that when t = 10 seconds, the MGT system used 200kW and it increased to
400 kW at t = 15 seconds. This showed that the output power reacted to the load. Figure 9 shows the fuel used
by the microturbine for the load conditions. The fuel demand was equal to 23% (0.23 p.u.) until the load was
applied to the system at t = 10 seconds, increasing the amount of fuel required to keep the combustion process
alive. Note that the fuel demand signal was 0.62 p.u. at 200 kW load and increased to 1 p.u. at 400 kW
(full load).
Figure 8. Output power of MGT Figure 9. Fuel demand
4. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the development of an MGT system (single-shaft design) is deemed suitable for hybrid
MGT-dish to achieve a better performance. This model is good for the study of ֯hybrid power generation
systems. Detailed mathematical modeling of the control systems of the turbine is given and simulations of
the developed MGT system model are carried out. The results show that the developed model has the ability
to meet the load requirements and maintain the rated value of voltage.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the funding support provided by the Universiti
Teknikal Malaysia and Ministry of Education Malaysia under the research grant No. PJP/2016/FKE/HI5/S01482.
REFERENCES
[1] L. G. Pheng, R. Affandi, M. R. Ab Ghani, C. K. Gan, Z. Jano, and T. Sutikno, “A Review of Parabolic Dish-Stirling
Engine System Based on Concentrating Solar Power,” TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Comput. Electron.
Control., vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 1142-1152, 2014.
[2] M. S. Ismail, M. Moghavvemi, and T. M. I. Mahlia, “Current utilization of microturbines as a part of a hybrid system
in distributed generation technology,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 21, pp. 142-152, 2013.
[3] A. Giostri, “Preliminary analysis of solarized micro gas turbine application to CSP parabolic dish plants," Energy
Procedia, vol. 142, pp. 768-773, 2017.
6. TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control
Modelling of solar micro gas turbine for parabolic dish based controller application (Syariffah Othman)
3189
[4] W. Wang, G. Ragnolo, L. Aichmayer, T. Strand, and B. Laumert, “Integrated design of a hybrid gas turbine-receiver
unit for a solar dish system,” Energy Procedia, vol. 69, pp. 583-592, 2015.
[5] T. Shukla, “Micro Gas Turbine – A Review,” Int. J. Theor. Appl. Res. Mech. Eng., vol. 2. no. 3, pp. 116-120, 2013.
[6] G. Ofualagba, "The modeling and simulation of a microturbine generation system,"Int. J. of Scientific & Eng. Res.,
vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 1-7, 2012
[7] O. Ogunmodimu and E. C. Okoroigwe, “Concentrating solar power technologies for solar thermal grid electricity in
Nigeria : A review,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 90, pp. 104-119, 2018.
[8] L. Aichmayer and J. Spelling, “Preliminary design and analysis of a novel solar receiver for a micro gas-turbine based
solar dish system,” Sol. Energy, vol. 114, pp. 378-396, 2015.
[9] L. Aichmayer, J.Spelling, Bjorn Laument, and T. Transson, "Micro Gas-Turbine Design For Small Scale Hybrid
Solar Power Plants,” ASME Turbo Expo 2013 : Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, pp. 1-13, 2013
[10] G. A. Zilanli and A. Eray, “Feasibility study of dish/stirling power systems in Turkey,” AIP Conf. Proc., 2017.
[11] W. N. S. Wan Jusoh, M. A. Mat Hanafiah, and M. R. Ab Ghani, "Remote terminal unit (RTU) hardware design and
implementation efficient on different application," Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 7th
International Power
Engineering and Optimization Conference PEOCO 2013, pp. 570-573, 2013.
[12] S. Semprini, D. Sánchez, and A. De Pascale, “Performance analysis of a micro gas turbine and solar dish integrated
system under different solar-only and hybrid operating conditions,” Sol. Energy, vol. 132, pp. 279-293, 2016.
[13] C. Lav, R. K. Singh, C. Kaul, and A. Rai, “Potential of Micro Turbines for Small Scale Power Generation,” Int. J.
Adv. Inf. Sci & Technol., vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 77-81, 2013.
[14] M. T. Islam, N. Huda, A. B. Abdullah,and R.Saidur, “A comprehensive review of state-of-the-art concentrating solarpower
(CSP) technologies: Current status and research trends,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 91, pp. 987-1018, 2018.
[15] M. Chahartaghi and A. Baghaee, “Technical and economic analyses of a combined cooling, heating and power system
based on a hybrid microturbine (solar-gas) for a residential building,” Energy and Build., vol. 217, 2020.
[16] S. R. Guda, C. Wang, and M. H. Nehrir, “A Simulink-Based Microturbine Model for Distributed Generation Studies,”
A Simulink-Based Microturbine Model for Distributed Generation Studies, pp. 269-274, 2005.
[17] G. Barigozzi, G. Bonetti, G. Franchini, A. Perdichizzi, and S. Ravelli, “Thermal performance prediction of a solar
hybrid gas turbine,” Sol. Energy, vol. 86, no. 7, pp. 2116–2127, 2012.
[18] A. Giostri and E. Macchi, “An advanced solution to boost sun-to-electricity efficiency of parabolic dish,” Sol. Energy,
vol. 139, pp. 337-354, 2016.
[19] L. Aichmayer, J. Garrido, and W. Wang, “Experimental evaluation of a novel solar receiver for a micro gas- turbine
based solar dish system in the KTH high- flux solar simulator,” Energy, vol. 159, pp. 184-195, 2018.
[20] M. Lanchi, et al., “Investigation into the coupling of Micro Gas Turbines with CSP technology : OMSoP project,”
Energy Procedia, vol. 69, pp. 1317-1326, 2015.
[21] M. Arifin, A. Rajani, Kusnadi, and T. D. Atmaja, “Modeling and Performance Analysis of a Parallel Solar Hybrid
Micro Gas Turbine,” Proceeding - 2019 International Conference on Sustainable Energy Engineering and
Application: Innovative Technology Toward Energy Resilience, ICSEEA 2019, pp. 62-68, 2019.
[22] S. A. Shakur, “Micro-Turbine Generation using Simulink,” Int. J. Electr. Eng., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 95-110, 2012.
[23] K. M. Powell, K. Rashid, K. Ellingwood, J. Tuttle, and B. D. Iverson, “Hybrid concentrated solar thermal power
systems: A review,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 80, pp. 215-237, 2017.
[24] M. Abdel-geliel, I. F. Zidane, M. Anany, and S. F. Rezeka, “Modeling and Simulation of a Hybrid Power Generation
System of Wind turbine , Micro-turbine and Solar Heater Cells,” Proceedings-11th IEEE International Conference
on Control & Automation (ICCA), pp.1304-1309, 2014.
[25] M. J. Santos, R. P. Merchán, A. Medina, and A. C. Hernández, “Micro Gas Turbine and Solar Parabolic Dish
for distributed generation,” Renew. Energy Power Qual. J., vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 340, 2018.
[26] Y. Fernández Ribaya, E. Álvarez, J. P. Paredes Sánchez, and J. Xiberta Bernat, “Simulations of hybrid system varying
solar radiation and microturbine response time,” AIP Adv., vol. 5, no. 7, pp. 077110-1-077110-11, 2015.
[27] D. Sánchez, M. Rollán, L. García-Rodríguez, and G. S. Martínez, “Solar Desalination Based on Micro Gas Turbines
Driven by Parabolic Dish Collectors,” J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, vol. 142, no. 3, pp. 1-9, 2020.
[28] P. Taylor, S. R. Guda, C. Wang, and M. H. Nehrir, “Modeling of Microturbine Power Generation Systems,” Electr.
Power Components Syst., vol. 34, no. 9, pp. 1027-1041, 2006.
[29] M. Rashad, A. A. El-Samahy, M. Daowd, and A. M. A. Amin, “A comparative Study on Photovoltaic and
Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Plants,” Proceeding of the 2015 International Conference on Energy,
Environment, Development and Economics (EEDE 2015), pp. 167-173, 2015.
[30] E.Woldesilassie, “Fuel Cell and Micro Gas Turbine Integrated Design,” Master Thesis, KTH Royal Institute of
Technology, 2013.
[31] D. N. Gaonkar and R. N. Patel, “Modeling and simulation of microturbine based distributed generation system,” 2006
IEEE Power India Conference, vol. 2, pp. 256–260., 2006.
[32] Y. H. Mahmood and M. K. Ghaffar, “Design of Solar dish concentration by using MATLAB program and Calculation
of geometrical concentration parameters and heat transfer,” J. Pure Sci., vol. 20, pp. 101-106, 2015.
7. ISSN: 1693-6930
TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control, Vol. 18, No. 6, December 2020: 3184 - 3190
3190
BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS
Syariffah Othman received her B. Eng in electrical engineering from the Universiti Teknologi
Malaysia (UTM) and M. Sc degrees from the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM).
She joined the Polytechnic Department, Ministry of Education, Malaysia as a lecturer in 2001.
She is currently pursuing her PhD at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal
Malaysia Melaka, Malaysia. Her current research interests include the renewable energy and
concentrating solar energy.
Mohd Ruddin Ab. Ghani is a professor and the Rector of the Universiti Teknikal Malaysia
Melaka (UTeM). Before coming to UTeM, he was professor and the dean of the Faculty of
Electrical Engineering at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). Prof. Mohd. Ruddin Ab.
Ghani obtained his Ph.D. in Systems Engineering and Control from the University of
Manchester Institute of Science and Technology in 1989. His current research interests include:
dynamic economic load dispatch and unit commitment, distribution automation, renewable
energy and technology, optimization of large-scale power systems, system identification,
expert system applications and advanced control techniques to power systems. He has
published over 200 papers and articles in the related fields. Besides actively involved in
research and publications, he is also a committee member of various distinguished boards such
as: committee member of Malaysian International Electro-technical Commission (IEC),
Intensification of Research in Priority Areas (IRPA) and IEEE Malaysia chapter. He is also
member of Advisory Council Member of Malaysian Armed Forces Academy, and a member
of Energy Technology Committee under Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister Department,
Malaysia.
Zanariah Jano obtained her PhD in Multimedia Interactive System in 2015 from Universiti
Sains Malaysia (USM) and Master’s degree in Communication Studies (IT) from University
of Brighton, United Kingdom in 2005 and Bachelor Degree in Teaching English as a Second
Language from University of Winnipeg, Canada. She started her career as a language teacher
in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. She is currently serving as a senior lecturer at Universiti
Teknikal Malaysia and holding a post as the Head of Human Development Department and
used to hold several administrative posts as the Head of Department (2015-16) and Deputy
Dean of Research. She is an active researcher and supervisor. She is also a consultant for many
projects involving Problem Based Learning with other institutions and Leadership Academy
of Higher Education Malaysia (AKEPT), English proficiency training with Kementerian
Pendidikan Malaysia, Business English with UKM Holdings and others. Her research areas
include Problem Based Learning, Multimedia and Culture, Web Communication, Cross
cultural in web design.
Tole Sutikno, Associate Professor in Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universitad
Ahmad Dahlan (UAD), Yogyakarta, Indonesia. He received his B.Eng., M.Eng. and Ph.D.
degree in Electrical Engineering from Universitas Diponegoro (Semarang, Indonesia),
Universitas Gadjah Mada (Yogyakarta, Indonesia) and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Johor,
Malaysia), in 1999, 2004 and 2016, respectively. He has been a Associate Professor in UAD,
Yogyakarta-Indonesia since 2008. His research interests include the field of power electronics,
industrial applications, industrial elecctronics, industrial informatics, motor drives, FPGA
applications, intelligent control and digital library.