Deep learning techniques can be used to learn features from data rather than relying on hand-crafted features. This allows neural networks to be applied to problems in computer vision, natural language processing, and other domains. Transfer learning techniques take advantage of features learned from one task and apply them to another related task, even when limited data is available for the second task. Deploying machine learning models in production requires techniques for serving predictions through scalable APIs and caching layers to meet performance requirements.