The document discusses the importance of achieving balance between diversity and order in design. It states that order helps organize things logically but too much order can result in monotony, while diversity without order produces chaos. The most desirable design has a balance of both diversity and order to create a harmonious whole where all parts relate. Order in design can be achieved through principles like axis, symmetry, hierarchy, and repetition.
Planes are key elements in architectural design that define three-dimensional volumes and spaces. There are three main types of planes - overhead/ceiling planes, wall planes, and base/floor planes. The properties of each plane, such as size, shape, color, and texture, along with their spatial relationships determine the visual attributes and qualities of the forms and spaces they define. Planes can be manipulated in various ways to achieve different architectural effects.
The document discusses various components of building circulation systems, including approaches, entrances, path configurations, and vertical circulation such as stairs. It describes how the form and design of these elements can impact the user experience by directing movement, marking transitions between spaces, and establishing hierarchies. Configurations discussed include linear, radial, spiral, grid, and network patterns. Characteristics like enclosure, scale, and location are also addressed in relation to how they shape user perception and navigation.
This document discusses principles of architectural composition including unity, dominance, harmony, vitality, emphasis, and fluidity. It provides examples to illustrate each principle. Unity creates a feeling of wholeness through common visual elements like color or style. Dominance establishes a primary visual element. Harmony involves a pleasing interaction of compositional elements like proportion and repetition. Vitality adds interest through contrasting colors, textures, and forms while still maintaining harmony. Emphasis draws attention through horizontal or vertical accents. Fluidity creates a smooth, graceful flow or movement of spaces and compositions.
Sciography is the representation of shadows and gradations of light and shade. It is used in architecture to accurately depict shadows. The document defines sciography and explains that it studies how different objects cast shadows on surfaces based on assumptions about the light source. Specifically, it assumes the light source is the sun at a 45 degree azimuth and altitude angle, with parallel light rays. It also outlines rules for how parallel and perpendicular lines will cast shadows on parallel surfaces.
The document provides an introduction to the basic elements and concepts of architecture. It discusses key spatial elements like points, lines, planes and volumes that define architectural space. It describes different types of planes such as vertical wall planes, horizontal base planes that can be elevated or depressed, and overhead planes like ceilings and roofs. It explains how these different planes are used to define, articulate and organize interior and exterior spaces. Linear elements like columns, walls and structural frames are also summarized as defining edges and corners of spaces while providing structure.
The document discusses several key design principles for organizing architectural elements:
- Datum refers to a reference line, plane or volume that relates and organizes other elements through regularity and continuity. A datum can organize elements linearly, planarly or volumetrically.
- Rhythm involves the systematic repetition of elements, similar to music or dance. In architecture, rhythm is created through repeated columns, windows, walls and other elements.
- Repetition and variation organize elements through repeated shapes, colors or designs that help unify different parts of a design.
- Transformation manipulates dimensions or adds/subtracts elements to generate variations while retaining a family resemblance.
- Hierarchy articulates importance through relative size, shape or placement of
This document discusses six ordering principles used in interior design: axis, symmetry, hierarchy, transformation, datum, and rhythm. It provides definitions and examples for each principle. Axis refers to an imaginary line used to align and arrange design elements. Symmetry involves balanced proportions around a central line. Hierarchy uses size, color, and placement to emphasize important spaces. Transformation alters forms through changes in size, shape, and other manipulations. Datum serves as a reference line or plane to organize patterns. Rhythm creates movement through a patterned repetition or variation of elements.
The document discusses the importance of achieving balance between diversity and order in design. It states that order helps organize things logically but too much order can result in monotony, while diversity without order produces chaos. The most desirable design has a balance of both diversity and order to create a harmonious whole where all parts relate. Order in design can be achieved through principles like axis, symmetry, hierarchy, and repetition.
Planes are key elements in architectural design that define three-dimensional volumes and spaces. There are three main types of planes - overhead/ceiling planes, wall planes, and base/floor planes. The properties of each plane, such as size, shape, color, and texture, along with their spatial relationships determine the visual attributes and qualities of the forms and spaces they define. Planes can be manipulated in various ways to achieve different architectural effects.
The document discusses various components of building circulation systems, including approaches, entrances, path configurations, and vertical circulation such as stairs. It describes how the form and design of these elements can impact the user experience by directing movement, marking transitions between spaces, and establishing hierarchies. Configurations discussed include linear, radial, spiral, grid, and network patterns. Characteristics like enclosure, scale, and location are also addressed in relation to how they shape user perception and navigation.
This document discusses principles of architectural composition including unity, dominance, harmony, vitality, emphasis, and fluidity. It provides examples to illustrate each principle. Unity creates a feeling of wholeness through common visual elements like color or style. Dominance establishes a primary visual element. Harmony involves a pleasing interaction of compositional elements like proportion and repetition. Vitality adds interest through contrasting colors, textures, and forms while still maintaining harmony. Emphasis draws attention through horizontal or vertical accents. Fluidity creates a smooth, graceful flow or movement of spaces and compositions.
Sciography is the representation of shadows and gradations of light and shade. It is used in architecture to accurately depict shadows. The document defines sciography and explains that it studies how different objects cast shadows on surfaces based on assumptions about the light source. Specifically, it assumes the light source is the sun at a 45 degree azimuth and altitude angle, with parallel light rays. It also outlines rules for how parallel and perpendicular lines will cast shadows on parallel surfaces.
The document provides an introduction to the basic elements and concepts of architecture. It discusses key spatial elements like points, lines, planes and volumes that define architectural space. It describes different types of planes such as vertical wall planes, horizontal base planes that can be elevated or depressed, and overhead planes like ceilings and roofs. It explains how these different planes are used to define, articulate and organize interior and exterior spaces. Linear elements like columns, walls and structural frames are also summarized as defining edges and corners of spaces while providing structure.
The document discusses several key design principles for organizing architectural elements:
- Datum refers to a reference line, plane or volume that relates and organizes other elements through regularity and continuity. A datum can organize elements linearly, planarly or volumetrically.
- Rhythm involves the systematic repetition of elements, similar to music or dance. In architecture, rhythm is created through repeated columns, windows, walls and other elements.
- Repetition and variation organize elements through repeated shapes, colors or designs that help unify different parts of a design.
- Transformation manipulates dimensions or adds/subtracts elements to generate variations while retaining a family resemblance.
- Hierarchy articulates importance through relative size, shape or placement of
This document discusses six ordering principles used in interior design: axis, symmetry, hierarchy, transformation, datum, and rhythm. It provides definitions and examples for each principle. Axis refers to an imaginary line used to align and arrange design elements. Symmetry involves balanced proportions around a central line. Hierarchy uses size, color, and placement to emphasize important spaces. Transformation alters forms through changes in size, shape, and other manipulations. Datum serves as a reference line or plane to organize patterns. Rhythm creates movement through a patterned repetition or variation of elements.
it is about designing building by few articulation techniques, for example by altering its corners, or emphasizing its vertical, horizontal, base, roof, ceiling plane to add creativity.
the corners van be altered by cutting it, adding an element to it, curving it, opening it or even giving it a contrasting tone than the other surfaces.
The document discusses the primary architectural elements of point, line, plane and volume. It defines each element and provides examples of how they are used in architectural design. A point becomes a line with length and direction. A line extended forms a plane with length, width and surface. A plane extended creates a volume with three dimensions of length, width and depth. The elements are used to define spaces, structures and forms in architecture.
The document discusses different forms of organization for structures: centralized form, linear form, radial form, clustered form, and grid form. It provides examples and characteristics for each form. Centralized form has a dominant central element surrounded by secondary elements. Linear form arranges elements in a line. Radial form combines centralized and linear forms with elements radiating from a central point. Clustered form uses proximity to group similar, randomly arranged forms. Grid form creates a regularly spaced, modular pattern through intersecting lines.
This document discusses various theories and systems of proportion in architecture. It begins by explaining the importance of material, structural, and manufactured proportions. It then defines key terms like proportion, ratio, eurhythmy, Fibonacci series, and harmonic series. The remainder of the document outlines several specific theories of proportion used in classical architecture, the Renaissance, and modern works, including the golden section, Fibonacci series, classical orders, Renaissance theories, Modulor, ken, anthropometrics, and considerations of scale. Overall, the document provides an overview of proportional systems and theories that architects have used to achieve harmony, order, and appropriate scale in their designs.
1.1.2.a principles and elements of design applied to architectureAr Premlata Gupta
Six key visual design elements are line, color, form and shape, space, texture, and value. Lines can be vertical, horizontal, diagonal, or curved and influence how elements are perceived. Color and texture also impact human perception and behavior. Effective design balances elements using principles such as emphasis, proportion, rhythm, movement, contrast, and unity. Mastery of these elements and principles allows architects to create buildings and structures that are visually pleasing and meet functional requirements.
Lecture 2 - Organization of form and spaceYosef Yemane
This document discusses the key concepts of form, space, and their organization in architecture. It defines space as the three-dimensional area where matter exists. Architectural space is any space divided by walls and enclosed by a roof. Spatial relationships like adjacent, interlocking, and linked spaces are important for organizing forms. Common spatial organizations include centralized, linear, radial, clustered, and grid patterns. The three pillars of architecture that define a structure are its defining structure, functional program, and aesthetic design. Structural design must consider loading, serviceability, and limits, while aesthetics aim to balance creativity with avoiding incongruous designs.
Transformations of Forms
Principle of Transformation is about applying changes in a unique
places of a design.
The Transformation of Forms are classified into 3 types
1. Dimensional Transformation
2. Subtractive Transformation
3. Additive Transformation(which is divided into 9 types
- Spatial Tension
- Edge To Edge
- Face To Face
- Interlocking
- Centralised
- Linear
- Radial
- Clustered
- Grid
DIMENSIONAL
TRANSFORMATION
:- This transformation occurs when
one or more of a structures dimensions
are transformed
In this Building, the Curve
of the Roof decreases
from the Centre of the hall
to the Entrance in one
shape divided into
many....
SUBTRACTIVE
TRANSFORMATION
:- This Transformation occurs when
a portion of it’s volume is
subtracted
In this Building, Negative
spaces are giving the Design
form of the Building a
Subtractive Transformation ...
ADDITIVE
TRANSFORMATION
:- This Transformation occurs when
elements are added into the design .
Spatial Tension
Transformation
This Additive Transformation is about
object combined while having space
between them...
In this Building, the floor to floor design
change and the gaps between are giving this
building a Spatial Tension between the
Floors....
Edge to Edge
Transformation
This Additive Transformation is where the
forms are sharing a common edge
In this Building, The floors that
are in contact combining and
connecting ....
Face to Face
Transformation
In this Additive Transformation, where the
forms have corresponding surfaces which are
parallel to one another...
In this Building, the roofs of the
rooms are in a similar shape
and order...
Interlocking
Transformation
In this Addition Transformation, where
the forms are inter connected to one
another...
In this Building, the floors of the
adjacent sides are showing
different space(negative &
positive) respectively...
The presentation discusses the elements of architecture including point, line, plane, form and space, shape, pattern, light, color, surface and texture. It focuses on defining each element and providing examples to illustrate how they are used in architectural design. Specifically, it examines points, lines and planes, and how they are used to define volumes and forms. It explores the properties of form, including shape, size, color, texture, position, orientation, and visual inertia. A variety of architectural examples are presented to demonstrate how these fundamental elements are incorporated into building design.
The document discusses several key concepts in architectural design including scale, proportion, human scale, hierarchy, symmetry, rhythm, and axis. It provides definitions and examples to illustrate each concept. Scale refers to size relative to a standard, while proportion is the relationship between parts and the whole. Elements like windowsills and door frames give buildings a human scale. Hierarchy is expressed through varying size, shape or placement of elements to show importance. Symmetry involves balanced patterns around a center. Rhythm uses repetition of shapes, progression of sizes, or line movement. An axis establishes a line of organization.
This document discusses different types of architectural space and spatial organizations. It describes enclosure as using four vertical planes to define a space. The degree of enclosure impacts spatial perception. Common spatial relationships include spaces within spaces, adjacent spaces, interlocking spaces, and spaces linked by a common intermediate space. Key spatial organizations are centralized around a central space, linear as a sequence, radial extending from a center, and clustered grouping similar spaces.
This document discusses approaches and entrances to buildings. It describes the objectives of approaches as providing a distant view and transitioning from outside to inside. There are three types of approaches: frontal, where the path leads directly to the entrance; oblique, which can project the entrance for better visibility; and spiral, which prolongs the approach. For entrances, the objectives are to be usable, identifiable, and provide lighting and weather protection. There are three categories of entrances: flush, with continuous surfaces; recessed, which provides shelter; and projected, forming a transitional space and shelter. Specific architectural examples are provided to illustrate each type of approach and entrance.
This document describes site approaches and building entrances. It discusses different types of site approaches including frontal, oblique, and spiral approaches and how they prolong the sequence of approaching a building. It also categorizes building entrances as flush, recessed, or projected and provides examples of each. The document emphasizes that entrances should be identifiable, usable, and provide shelter and lighting.
This document discusses the principles of architectural composition. It explains that architects plan and design buildings and make up 35% of building projects, while other roles include quantity surveyors, structural engineers, and service engineers. The key principles of architectural composition are unity, contrast, mass composition, proportion, scale, accentuation, rhythm, and character. It provides examples to illustrate concepts like unity, contrast of shape and mass, the golden ratio, and functional, traditional, and personal character.
it is about dimensional, subtractive, additive, centralised, radial, clustered, grid forms.
it is about the design procedure and how can we make an innovative design follow ing a few simple transformation steps.
The document discusses elements of architectural form that define space, including horizontal planes (such as base planes, elevated planes, and depressed planes), vertical planes, overhead planes (such as roof and ceiling planes), and how they are articulated. It provides examples of how different configurations of these planes are used to define interior and exterior spaces, provide enclosure, and visually establish spatial boundaries and fields. Articulation of architectural form involves differentiating adjoining planes through changes in materials, color, texture, or pattern, developing corners as distinct linear elements, and using lighting to create tonal contrasts along edges.
Charles Correa was an Indian architect born in 1930. He received his education in India and the United States. Some of his notable works include the Kovalam Beach Resort in Kerala, the Gandhi Smarak Sangrahalaya in Ahmedabad, and the Kanchenjunga Apartments in Mumbai. Correa's works were influenced by modernism but adapted it to local contexts and vernacular styles. He emphasized principles like incrementality, identity, pluralism, and equity. Correa received many awards over his career and is considered one of India's most important architects.
Circulation in architecture refers to the pathways that allow movement through buildings and spaces. Good circulation is essential to successful architecture as it determines how people experience the spaces. Circulation includes both horizontal pathways like hallways and vertical pathways like stairs. It also includes less obvious spaces like areas between furniture where people walk. The design of circulation significantly impacts how users experience and appreciate the architecture through movement.
This document provides an overview of principles of architecture presented by Ar. Geeva Chandana. It discusses key principles such as proportion, scale, balance, symmetry/asymmetry, rhythm, axis, hierarchy, and movement. Proportion is examined through various theories including the golden section, classical orders, Renaissance theories, and anthropometry. Scale and its relationship to proportion is also explored. Examples are given to illustrate concepts of balance, axis, symmetry, hierarchy, and rhythm. The document aims to help understand fundamental architectural principles and their application in form, space, and structure.
Principles of plan composition - Theory of ArchitectureMC Tubera
This document discusses principles of architectural planning and design. It outlines key concepts like contrast, balance, emphasis, repetition, alternation, transition, and transformation that guide good architectural composition. Contrast involves differences in size, shape, character or direction to create interest. Balance can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Emphasis draws the eye through exceptional size, unique shapes, or strategic locations. Secondary principles like repetition, alternation between similar elements, smooth transitions, and transformations that change forms also influence effective architectural planning.
This document discusses the relationship between architecture and music, specifically how rhythmic concepts can inspire architectural design. It notes that music and architecture share characteristics like rhythm, texture, harmony, and proportion. An architect can take a musical score and interpret elements like dynamics, rhythm, and texture into a building concept, such as for elevations, sections, or plans. Examples are given of Daniel Libeskind drawing inspiration from an unfinished opera for his extension of the Berlin Museum building design. In general, the document argues that music can influence an architect's inner vision and lead to successful architectural designs.
it is about designing building by few articulation techniques, for example by altering its corners, or emphasizing its vertical, horizontal, base, roof, ceiling plane to add creativity.
the corners van be altered by cutting it, adding an element to it, curving it, opening it or even giving it a contrasting tone than the other surfaces.
The document discusses the primary architectural elements of point, line, plane and volume. It defines each element and provides examples of how they are used in architectural design. A point becomes a line with length and direction. A line extended forms a plane with length, width and surface. A plane extended creates a volume with three dimensions of length, width and depth. The elements are used to define spaces, structures and forms in architecture.
The document discusses different forms of organization for structures: centralized form, linear form, radial form, clustered form, and grid form. It provides examples and characteristics for each form. Centralized form has a dominant central element surrounded by secondary elements. Linear form arranges elements in a line. Radial form combines centralized and linear forms with elements radiating from a central point. Clustered form uses proximity to group similar, randomly arranged forms. Grid form creates a regularly spaced, modular pattern through intersecting lines.
This document discusses various theories and systems of proportion in architecture. It begins by explaining the importance of material, structural, and manufactured proportions. It then defines key terms like proportion, ratio, eurhythmy, Fibonacci series, and harmonic series. The remainder of the document outlines several specific theories of proportion used in classical architecture, the Renaissance, and modern works, including the golden section, Fibonacci series, classical orders, Renaissance theories, Modulor, ken, anthropometrics, and considerations of scale. Overall, the document provides an overview of proportional systems and theories that architects have used to achieve harmony, order, and appropriate scale in their designs.
1.1.2.a principles and elements of design applied to architectureAr Premlata Gupta
Six key visual design elements are line, color, form and shape, space, texture, and value. Lines can be vertical, horizontal, diagonal, or curved and influence how elements are perceived. Color and texture also impact human perception and behavior. Effective design balances elements using principles such as emphasis, proportion, rhythm, movement, contrast, and unity. Mastery of these elements and principles allows architects to create buildings and structures that are visually pleasing and meet functional requirements.
Lecture 2 - Organization of form and spaceYosef Yemane
This document discusses the key concepts of form, space, and their organization in architecture. It defines space as the three-dimensional area where matter exists. Architectural space is any space divided by walls and enclosed by a roof. Spatial relationships like adjacent, interlocking, and linked spaces are important for organizing forms. Common spatial organizations include centralized, linear, radial, clustered, and grid patterns. The three pillars of architecture that define a structure are its defining structure, functional program, and aesthetic design. Structural design must consider loading, serviceability, and limits, while aesthetics aim to balance creativity with avoiding incongruous designs.
Transformations of Forms
Principle of Transformation is about applying changes in a unique
places of a design.
The Transformation of Forms are classified into 3 types
1. Dimensional Transformation
2. Subtractive Transformation
3. Additive Transformation(which is divided into 9 types
- Spatial Tension
- Edge To Edge
- Face To Face
- Interlocking
- Centralised
- Linear
- Radial
- Clustered
- Grid
DIMENSIONAL
TRANSFORMATION
:- This transformation occurs when
one or more of a structures dimensions
are transformed
In this Building, the Curve
of the Roof decreases
from the Centre of the hall
to the Entrance in one
shape divided into
many....
SUBTRACTIVE
TRANSFORMATION
:- This Transformation occurs when
a portion of it’s volume is
subtracted
In this Building, Negative
spaces are giving the Design
form of the Building a
Subtractive Transformation ...
ADDITIVE
TRANSFORMATION
:- This Transformation occurs when
elements are added into the design .
Spatial Tension
Transformation
This Additive Transformation is about
object combined while having space
between them...
In this Building, the floor to floor design
change and the gaps between are giving this
building a Spatial Tension between the
Floors....
Edge to Edge
Transformation
This Additive Transformation is where the
forms are sharing a common edge
In this Building, The floors that
are in contact combining and
connecting ....
Face to Face
Transformation
In this Additive Transformation, where the
forms have corresponding surfaces which are
parallel to one another...
In this Building, the roofs of the
rooms are in a similar shape
and order...
Interlocking
Transformation
In this Addition Transformation, where
the forms are inter connected to one
another...
In this Building, the floors of the
adjacent sides are showing
different space(negative &
positive) respectively...
The presentation discusses the elements of architecture including point, line, plane, form and space, shape, pattern, light, color, surface and texture. It focuses on defining each element and providing examples to illustrate how they are used in architectural design. Specifically, it examines points, lines and planes, and how they are used to define volumes and forms. It explores the properties of form, including shape, size, color, texture, position, orientation, and visual inertia. A variety of architectural examples are presented to demonstrate how these fundamental elements are incorporated into building design.
The document discusses several key concepts in architectural design including scale, proportion, human scale, hierarchy, symmetry, rhythm, and axis. It provides definitions and examples to illustrate each concept. Scale refers to size relative to a standard, while proportion is the relationship between parts and the whole. Elements like windowsills and door frames give buildings a human scale. Hierarchy is expressed through varying size, shape or placement of elements to show importance. Symmetry involves balanced patterns around a center. Rhythm uses repetition of shapes, progression of sizes, or line movement. An axis establishes a line of organization.
This document discusses different types of architectural space and spatial organizations. It describes enclosure as using four vertical planes to define a space. The degree of enclosure impacts spatial perception. Common spatial relationships include spaces within spaces, adjacent spaces, interlocking spaces, and spaces linked by a common intermediate space. Key spatial organizations are centralized around a central space, linear as a sequence, radial extending from a center, and clustered grouping similar spaces.
This document discusses approaches and entrances to buildings. It describes the objectives of approaches as providing a distant view and transitioning from outside to inside. There are three types of approaches: frontal, where the path leads directly to the entrance; oblique, which can project the entrance for better visibility; and spiral, which prolongs the approach. For entrances, the objectives are to be usable, identifiable, and provide lighting and weather protection. There are three categories of entrances: flush, with continuous surfaces; recessed, which provides shelter; and projected, forming a transitional space and shelter. Specific architectural examples are provided to illustrate each type of approach and entrance.
This document describes site approaches and building entrances. It discusses different types of site approaches including frontal, oblique, and spiral approaches and how they prolong the sequence of approaching a building. It also categorizes building entrances as flush, recessed, or projected and provides examples of each. The document emphasizes that entrances should be identifiable, usable, and provide shelter and lighting.
This document discusses the principles of architectural composition. It explains that architects plan and design buildings and make up 35% of building projects, while other roles include quantity surveyors, structural engineers, and service engineers. The key principles of architectural composition are unity, contrast, mass composition, proportion, scale, accentuation, rhythm, and character. It provides examples to illustrate concepts like unity, contrast of shape and mass, the golden ratio, and functional, traditional, and personal character.
it is about dimensional, subtractive, additive, centralised, radial, clustered, grid forms.
it is about the design procedure and how can we make an innovative design follow ing a few simple transformation steps.
The document discusses elements of architectural form that define space, including horizontal planes (such as base planes, elevated planes, and depressed planes), vertical planes, overhead planes (such as roof and ceiling planes), and how they are articulated. It provides examples of how different configurations of these planes are used to define interior and exterior spaces, provide enclosure, and visually establish spatial boundaries and fields. Articulation of architectural form involves differentiating adjoining planes through changes in materials, color, texture, or pattern, developing corners as distinct linear elements, and using lighting to create tonal contrasts along edges.
Charles Correa was an Indian architect born in 1930. He received his education in India and the United States. Some of his notable works include the Kovalam Beach Resort in Kerala, the Gandhi Smarak Sangrahalaya in Ahmedabad, and the Kanchenjunga Apartments in Mumbai. Correa's works were influenced by modernism but adapted it to local contexts and vernacular styles. He emphasized principles like incrementality, identity, pluralism, and equity. Correa received many awards over his career and is considered one of India's most important architects.
Circulation in architecture refers to the pathways that allow movement through buildings and spaces. Good circulation is essential to successful architecture as it determines how people experience the spaces. Circulation includes both horizontal pathways like hallways and vertical pathways like stairs. It also includes less obvious spaces like areas between furniture where people walk. The design of circulation significantly impacts how users experience and appreciate the architecture through movement.
This document provides an overview of principles of architecture presented by Ar. Geeva Chandana. It discusses key principles such as proportion, scale, balance, symmetry/asymmetry, rhythm, axis, hierarchy, and movement. Proportion is examined through various theories including the golden section, classical orders, Renaissance theories, and anthropometry. Scale and its relationship to proportion is also explored. Examples are given to illustrate concepts of balance, axis, symmetry, hierarchy, and rhythm. The document aims to help understand fundamental architectural principles and their application in form, space, and structure.
Principles of plan composition - Theory of ArchitectureMC Tubera
This document discusses principles of architectural planning and design. It outlines key concepts like contrast, balance, emphasis, repetition, alternation, transition, and transformation that guide good architectural composition. Contrast involves differences in size, shape, character or direction to create interest. Balance can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Emphasis draws the eye through exceptional size, unique shapes, or strategic locations. Secondary principles like repetition, alternation between similar elements, smooth transitions, and transformations that change forms also influence effective architectural planning.
This document discusses the relationship between architecture and music, specifically how rhythmic concepts can inspire architectural design. It notes that music and architecture share characteristics like rhythm, texture, harmony, and proportion. An architect can take a musical score and interpret elements like dynamics, rhythm, and texture into a building concept, such as for elevations, sections, or plans. Examples are given of Daniel Libeskind drawing inspiration from an unfinished opera for his extension of the Berlin Museum building design. In general, the document argues that music can influence an architect's inner vision and lead to successful architectural designs.
The document discusses the principles of 3D design, including unity, variety, balance, scale and proportion, emphasis, and repetition and rhythm. It provides examples and definitions for each principle. Unity is created through similarity, grouping, containment, proximity, continuity, repetition and closure. Variety increases difference. Balance can be symmetrical, radial, or asymmetrical. Scale relates to size while proportion examines relative relationships. Emphasis is created through isolation, placement and contrast. Repetition and rhythm involve using visual elements repeatedly in deliberate patterns.
The document discusses the elements and principles of art and design. It defines line, shape, value, color, space, texture, balance, proportion, rhythm, movement, emphasis, unity, and variety. It provides examples of each element and principle, showing how artists use them, including works by Escher, Klee, Wyeth, Rivera, Van Eyck, Sharipo, and others. Composition is also discussed as the arrangement of elements in a work of art.
This Basic design Presentation serves the purpose of initiating creativity and there by appreciation of visual language.
Basic design studios help to unlock students creativity and enhance spatial perception.
Design is what links creativity and innovation. It shapes ideas to become practical and attractive propositions for users, clients or customers. Design may be described as creativity deployed to a specific end
Design is the creation of a plan or convention for the construction of an object or a system. It may be an architectural blueprints, engineering drawings, business processes, circuit diagrams or sewing patterns. Design has different connotations in different fields
N.B: The presentation is compiled from articles and presentations of experts, researchers, professors working in the same field for educational purpose.
Principles of Architecture and qualities of architecture by Pravin MindePravin Minde
Prof. Pravin Minde presents on the principles of architecture. He discusses that architecture involves planning and designing buildings according to proportions and rules based on the building's purpose and characteristics. The presentation covers the roles of various agencies in building planning, principles of architecture regarding goodness, beauty and truth, and factors that influence a building's function, form and aesthetics such as requirements, rules, and design elements. Minde also outlines principles and elements of architectural composition including focus, unity, balance, rhythm, harmony, and scale.
This document summarizes a presentation about designing augmented reality exhibitions to enhance audience experience. It discusses moving from passive to active audiences by considering how experiences feel rather than just how to use technology. The "Coda" is presented as a phenomenological approach to understand audience experiences through a 3D exhibition in Hampi, India. Methods are defined to evaluate the bodily, social, and immersive qualities of experiences. Two designs called "field" and "body" were created to visualize experiences using processing. The presentation concludes that considering togetherness with place and co-experiential factors can overcome traditional separations between content providers and audiences.
The document discusses various elements of space making including floor, column, wall, door, window, stair, roof. It focuses on defining each element, their evolution and anatomy, attributes, spatial roles, applications, and design considerations. Specifically, it provides detailed information about the floor, including its definition as a horizontal plane providing stability, its various typologies, evolution from early human settlements, and spatial roles such as defining space, serving as a datum, and guiding movement. It also discusses design considerations for the floor.
The document discusses the evolution and design considerations of doors, windows, and stairs in architecture. It provides historical context and examples of different types used in various cultures and time periods. Doors are described as thresholds that mark transitions and control movement. Windows allow light and air into spaces while maintaining privacy and views. Stairs facilitate vertical movement between levels by breaking it into smaller steps. Design must consider user needs, structural support, and relationships between interior and exterior spaces.
The document discusses key principles of color theory for architectural design:
Rhythm - The repetitive use of color provides order and unity. Balance - Symmetry or asymmetrical placement can achieve visual balance of color elements. Proportion and scale - The relationship between color areas and their size/amount used, and how bold colors affect the overall composition. Emphasis - Creating areas of focus through color.
The wall is a vertical plane that defines an enclosure and takes structural load. It has evolved over time from thick load-bearing walls to thinner non-load bearing walls. Key developments include the introduction of arches, which allowed for larger openings, and modern frame structures, which relieved walls of structural responsibilities. Walls have served purposes of support, defense, and separation of spaces through history. Their shapes can be straight, curved, or leaning, and materials have developed from living rock to masonry to modern reinforced concrete.
This document provides details of the structural analysis and design of a commercial and residential building using STAAD.Pro, AutoCAD, and STAAD.Foundation software. The building is located in Trivandrum, Kerala and consists of a basement, ground plus three floors. The document describes the site details, building plans, load calculations, modeling in STAAD.Pro, design of structural elements like beams, columns, foundation, and reinforcement details. Pile foundation is adopted based on the bore log details. The analysis helps gain knowledge of designing various components using structural analysis and design software.
Basic design & visual arts (Elements of design)Ar.Shakti Nanda
Lecture and presentation on Elements of Design for students of architecture, fine art and photography. semester - I (2015), Sri Sri University, Odisha. 7+1 Elements of design explained (Point, Line, Shapes, Space, Form, Texture, Value, Colour) in details with examples for better understanding. Content compiled from books and internet.
The document discusses the relationship between color and space in architecture from a phenomenological perspective. It argues that color plays a key role in how we perceive and make sense of visual space, with our brain organizing colors into cognitive structures that form shapes and volumes. Effective use of color in architecture depends more on how color is applied and positioned within a space rather than simply choosing a color, as the context in which a color is viewed influences how it is perceived.
The document discusses several principles of composition including proportion, scale, balance, harmony, unity and variety, rhythm, and emphasis. It defines each principle and provides examples to illustrate different types of balance, such as symmetrical balance seen in Georgia O'Keeffe's painting "Oriental Poppies" and radial balance shown in a rose window's spiral pattern. Visual puzzles are also included asking the reader to find specified numbers of items or interpret images in different ways.
Elements of interior design, history,importance, main elements of interior design- line, shape, space, form,texture, colour in detail, their uses and charecteristics in interior design.method of achieving nice composition using these elements vs nice examples and illustration.
The document defines various artistic elements and concepts used in visual art including:
- Line: Different types of lines including outlines, contours, expressive, sketch, and calligraphic lines. Characteristics of lines like width, length, direction, focus, and feeling.
- Shape: Geometric, organic, positive, negative, static, and dynamic shapes.
- Color: Primary, secondary, tertiary colors. Analogous, complementary, monochromatic, warm, and cool colors.
- Space: Positive and negative space, picture plane, composition, and focal point.
- Perspective: Linear and nonlinear perspective using techniques like size variation, overlapping, and convergence of lines.
- Texture: Real
Vertical openings in spaces can articulate edges and separate planes. Openings located at corners help define space boundaries while allowing light to enter and wash adjacent surfaces. Larger openings weaken edges and can blur the definition of corners if they turn them. Corner openings provide orientation cues and can accentuate or illuminate darker areas through incoming light.
To Download This Register in http://frontdesk.co.in/forum/Thread-Socio-Economic-base-for-Planning-Study-notes
Lecture notes for Master of Planning Students
Biography of Muni shri Dayasagar ji maharaj and Acharya shri Abhinandansagar ji maharaji Inspiration : Aryika Shri Subhushanmati Mataji
मुनि श्री दयासागर जी महाराज और आचार्य श्री अभिनंदनसागर जी महाराजी की जीवनी
This document provides a summary of the life, works, and philosophies of Swiss architect Le Corbusier. It outlines his key buildings such as the Villa Savoye and Unite d'Habitation which demonstrated his "Five Points of Architecture". It also discusses his works in India including the Capitol complex in Chandigarh, particularly the Legislative Assembly building. The document was compiled by FD Architects Forum in Jaipur, India and contains images and descriptions of Le Corbusier's major works to illustrate his contributions to modern architecture through his innovative designs and principles.
TIME , LIFE, WORKS AND
PHILOSOPIES OF F L WRIGHT
Compiled by : Manish Jain Architect Gr. Floor , Ashoka apartment Bhawani Singh RoadC-scheme , Jaipur -302001 Rajasthan ( INDIA)Ph. 91-0141-2743536 , 91-9829063132Email: fdarchitect @gmail.com Web : www.frontdesk.co.in
Louis Sullivan was an influential American architect who lived from 1856-1924 and is considered the "Father of Modern Architecture." He developed the "Chicago School" style and coined the phrase "Form follows Function." Some of his most notable works include the Auditorium Building in Chicago, the Wainwright Building in St. Louis, and the Guaranty Building in Buffalo. Later in his career, Sullivan designed several banks in a simpler Prairie School style, including the National Farmers' Bank in Owatonna, Minnesota.
5. http://www.frontdesk.co.in/forum/
The Golden Ratio
Two quantities are in the golden ratio if the ratio of the sum of the
quantities to the larger quantity is equal to the ratio of the larger quantity to
the smaller one.
7. http://www.frontdesk.co.in/forum/
The Golden Spiral
Assume that rectangle ABCD is a Golden Rectangle.
Hence, AD/AB =AE/ED.
But, FE = AE,
FE/ED= Phi.
Hence, rectangle FCDE is a Golden Rectangle.
We have two similar rectangles and so since
Phi = AD/EF then BD/CE = Phi.
8. http://www.frontdesk.co.in/forum/
The Golden Ratio In Human Body
The first example of the
golden ratio in the average
human body is that when the
distance between the navel
and the foot is taken as 1
unit, the height of a human
being is equivalent to 1.618.
Some other golden proportions in the average human body are:
The distance between the finger tip and the elbow / distance between the wrist
and the elbow,
The distance between the shoulder line and the top of the head / head length,
The distance between the navel and the top of the head / the distance between
the shoulder line and the top of the head,
The distance between the navel and knee / distance between the knee and the
end of the foot.
9. http://www.frontdesk.co.in/forum/
Principle Of Architecture
Axis
Symmetry
A Line established by two point in space
about which form and spaces can be
arranged in symmetrical and balanced
manner
The balanced distribution and
arrangement of equivalent forms and
spaces on opposite sides of dividing
plane or about a center axis
Hierarchy
The articulation of importance and
significance of form or space by its
size shape and placement relative to
other forms and spaces of organization
10. http://www.frontdesk.co.in/forum/
PRINCIPLE OF ARCHITECTURE
Rhythm
Unifying movement characterized by patterned
repetition or alteration of formal elements or
motifs in same or modified forms
Datum
A line plane or volume that , by its continuity
and regularity , serves together , measure and
organize a pattern of form and spaces.
Transformation
The principle that an architectural concept or
organization can be retained, strengthened
and built upon through a series of discrete
manipulation and transformations.
11. http://www.frontdesk.co.in/forum/
AXIS
INDUCE MOVMENT
The axis is a linear condition , it has qualities
of length and direction and induce movement
and views along its path
Termination At Both Ends
Renforced By Defining Edges
Established By Symmertical
Arrangement
22. http://www.frontdesk.co.in/forum/
HIERARCHY
Hierarchy Achieved by
By SIZE
BY SHAPE
Dominate architectural composition
by being significantly different in size
Can be made visually dominate by clearly
differentiating their shape from other
By PLACEMENT
Strategically placed to call attention to
themselves as being the important
elements in composition .
44. http://www.frontdesk.co.in/forum/
Thank You for POSTING
This forum is for, by and of the architect fraternity
and it will only grow by creating New Thread
and New Reply, we can also comment in existing
threads by clicking following button on upper right
corner of forum .
Post your expertise valuable comments in forum
regularly.