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MEASUREMENT:
WHAT IT IS..
WHY DO IT..???
Topics Covered
 What is measurement?
 General Observations
 Measurement in Software Engineering
 Scope of Software Metrics
 Conclusion
Measurement
 Measurement is the process by which number or symbols are assigned
to attributes of entities in the real world in such a way as to describe
them according to clearly defined rules.
 Thus, measurement captures information aout attributes of entities.
 We define the attributes using numbers or symbols.
 Makes the picture of a thing. Hence, we can make judgements about
entities solely by knowing and analyzing their attributes.
11/06/2024
General Observations
 The accuracy of a measure depends on the measuring instrument as
well as on the definition of the measurement.
 Even when measuring devices are reliable and used properly, there
is margin for error in measuring the best understood physical
attributes.
 Is the scale acceptable for the purpose to which it is put?
 What kind of manipulation can we apply to the results of
measurement?
11/06/2024
11/06/2024
“What is not measurable make measurable”.
…Galileo Galilei
 Measurement makes concepts more visible and thus more
understandable and controllable.
 Measuring the unmeasurable should improve our
understanding of particular entities and attriutes.
 Quantification of things becomes possible. Two types of
quantification – Measurement and Calculation.
Measurement in Software Engineering
Neglect of measurement in software engineering for most of development projects results in -
 Fail to set measurable target for product.
Gilb’s Principle of Fuzzy Targets: projects without clear goals will not achieve their
goals clearly.
 Fail to understand and quantify component cost.
 Fail to quantify or predict the quality of produced products.
 Fail to determine whether the used new technology is effective and efficient.
11/06/2024
Measurement in Software Engineering
Objective for software engineering should be fulfilled and must be specific, tied to what the managers,
developers and users need to know.
 Managers’ Goals
What does each process cost?
How productive is the staff?
How good is the code being developed?
Will the user be satisfied with the product?
How can we improve?
 Engineers’ Goals
Are the requirements testable?
Have we found all the faults?
How we met our product or process goals?
What will happen in the future?
11/06/2024
Measurement in Software Engineering
Measurement is important for three basic activities:
 There are measures that help us to understand what is happening
during development and maintainance.
 Measurement allows us to control what is happening on our
projects.
 Measurement encourages us to improve our processes and
products.
11/06/2024
Scope of Software Metrics
 Cost and Effort Estimation
COCOMO Model
Putnam‘s SLIM Model
Albercht’s Function Points Model
 Productivity models and measures
Staff Productivity
 Data Collection
Unambiguity, consistency and completeness of data and data integrity
11/06/2024
Scope of Software Metrics
 Quality Models and Measures
11/06/2024
Scope of Software Metrics
 Reliability Models
 Performance evaluation and models
 Structural and Complexity Metrics
 Management by Metrics
 Evaluation of methods and tools
 Capability maturity assessment
SEI CMM Model
11/06/2024
Conclusion
 Measurement plays a significant role in Software Engineering.
 Software Measurement done by software metrics is a diverse collection
of fringe topics that range from models for predicting software project
costs at specification stage to measures of program structure.
 We must be bold in our attempts at measurement. Just because no one
has measured some attributes of interest does not mean that it cannot
be measured satisfactorily.
11/06/2024

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Measurements in Software Engineering.pptx

  • 2. Topics Covered  What is measurement?  General Observations  Measurement in Software Engineering  Scope of Software Metrics  Conclusion
  • 3. Measurement  Measurement is the process by which number or symbols are assigned to attributes of entities in the real world in such a way as to describe them according to clearly defined rules.  Thus, measurement captures information aout attributes of entities.  We define the attributes using numbers or symbols.  Makes the picture of a thing. Hence, we can make judgements about entities solely by knowing and analyzing their attributes. 11/06/2024
  • 4. General Observations  The accuracy of a measure depends on the measuring instrument as well as on the definition of the measurement.  Even when measuring devices are reliable and used properly, there is margin for error in measuring the best understood physical attributes.  Is the scale acceptable for the purpose to which it is put?  What kind of manipulation can we apply to the results of measurement? 11/06/2024
  • 5. 11/06/2024 “What is not measurable make measurable”. …Galileo Galilei  Measurement makes concepts more visible and thus more understandable and controllable.  Measuring the unmeasurable should improve our understanding of particular entities and attriutes.  Quantification of things becomes possible. Two types of quantification – Measurement and Calculation.
  • 6. Measurement in Software Engineering Neglect of measurement in software engineering for most of development projects results in -  Fail to set measurable target for product. Gilb’s Principle of Fuzzy Targets: projects without clear goals will not achieve their goals clearly.  Fail to understand and quantify component cost.  Fail to quantify or predict the quality of produced products.  Fail to determine whether the used new technology is effective and efficient. 11/06/2024
  • 7. Measurement in Software Engineering Objective for software engineering should be fulfilled and must be specific, tied to what the managers, developers and users need to know.  Managers’ Goals What does each process cost? How productive is the staff? How good is the code being developed? Will the user be satisfied with the product? How can we improve?  Engineers’ Goals Are the requirements testable? Have we found all the faults? How we met our product or process goals? What will happen in the future? 11/06/2024
  • 8. Measurement in Software Engineering Measurement is important for three basic activities:  There are measures that help us to understand what is happening during development and maintainance.  Measurement allows us to control what is happening on our projects.  Measurement encourages us to improve our processes and products. 11/06/2024
  • 9. Scope of Software Metrics  Cost and Effort Estimation COCOMO Model Putnam‘s SLIM Model Albercht’s Function Points Model  Productivity models and measures Staff Productivity  Data Collection Unambiguity, consistency and completeness of data and data integrity 11/06/2024
  • 10. Scope of Software Metrics  Quality Models and Measures 11/06/2024
  • 11. Scope of Software Metrics  Reliability Models  Performance evaluation and models  Structural and Complexity Metrics  Management by Metrics  Evaluation of methods and tools  Capability maturity assessment SEI CMM Model 11/06/2024
  • 12. Conclusion  Measurement plays a significant role in Software Engineering.  Software Measurement done by software metrics is a diverse collection of fringe topics that range from models for predicting software project costs at specification stage to measures of program structure.  We must be bold in our attempts at measurement. Just because no one has measured some attributes of interest does not mean that it cannot be measured satisfactorily. 11/06/2024

Editor's Notes

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