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INDIA
A
Great
Country
Introduction
India , officially the Republic of India,India , officially the Republic of India,
is a country inis a country in South AsiaSouth Asia. It is the. It is the
seventh-largestseventh-largest country by geographicalcountry by geographical
area, thearea, the second-most populoussecond-most populous countrycountry
withwith over 1.2 billion peopleover 1.2 billion people, and the, and the
most populous democracy in the world.most populous democracy in the world.
Bounded by theBounded by the IndianIndian OceanOcean on theon the
south, thesouth, the Arabian SeaArabian Sea on theon the
southwest, and thesouthwest, and the Bay of BengalBay of Bengal onon
the southeast, it shares land bordersthe southeast, it shares land borders
withwith PakistanPakistan to the west;to the west; BhutanBhutan,, thethe
People's Republic of ChinaPeople's Republic of China andand NepalNepal to the northeast; andto the northeast; and BangladeshBangladesh andand BurmaBurma toto
the eastthe east.. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity ofIn the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri LankaSri Lanka and theand the MaldivesMaldives; in; in
addition, India'saddition, India's Andaman and Nicobar IslandsAndaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border withshare a maritime border with ThailandThailand
andand IndonesiaIndonesia..
Physical Features
India is bounded to the southwest by theIndia is bounded to the southwest by the
Arabian SeaArabian Sea, to the southeast by the, to the southeast by the
Bay of BengalBay of Bengal, and to the south by the, and to the south by the
Indian OceanIndian Ocean.. KanyakumariKanyakumari is the southernis the southern
tip of the Indian peninsula. Thetip of the Indian peninsula. The
southernmost point in India issouthernmost point in India is Indira PointIndira Point,,
in thein the Andaman and Nicobar IslandsAndaman and Nicobar Islands.. TheThe
Maldives,Maldives, Sri LankaSri Lanka andand IndonesiaIndonesia areare
island nations to the south of India. Sriisland nations to the south of India. Sri
Lanka is separated from India by theLanka is separated from India by the
Gulf of MannarGulf of Mannar and the narrow channel ofand the narrow channel of
Palk StraitPalk Strait. The territorial waters of India. The territorial waters of India
extend into the sea to a distance of 12extend into the sea to a distance of 12
nautical milesnautical miles (13.8 mi; 22.2 km) measured(13.8 mi; 22.2 km) measured
from thefrom the
appropriate baseline. Climate across India ranges from equatorial in the far south, toappropriate baseline. Climate across India ranges from equatorial in the far south, to
alpinealpine in the upper reaches of the Himalayas.in the upper reaches of the Himalayas.
Political Features
India's borders run a total length ofIndia's borders run a total length of
15,106.70 km (9,387 mi). Its borders with15,106.70 km (9,387 mi). Its borders with
Pakistan and Bangladesh were delineatedPakistan and Bangladesh were delineated
according to theaccording to the Radcliffe LineRadcliffe Line, which was, which was
created in 1947 duringcreated in 1947 during Partition of IndiaPartition of India. Its. Its
western border with Pakistan extends up towestern border with Pakistan extends up to
3,323 km (2,065 mi), dividing the3,323 km (2,065 mi), dividing the
Punjab regionPunjab region and running along theand running along the
boundaries of the Thar Desert and theboundaries of the Thar Desert and the
Rann ofRann of Kutch. Both nations delineated aKutch. Both nations delineated a
Line of ControlLine of Control (LoC) to serve as the informal(LoC) to serve as the informal
boundary between the Indian and Pakistan-boundary between the Indian and Pakistan-
administered areas of Kashmir. According toadministered areas of Kashmir. According to
India's claim, it alsoIndia's claim, it also
shares a 106 km (66 mi) border with Afghanistan in northwestern Kashmir, which isshares a 106 km (66 mi) border with Afghanistan in northwestern Kashmir, which is
under Pakistani control.under Pakistani control.
Indian Dress
For men, traditional clothes are theFor men, traditional clothes are the kurtakurta. In. In
south India men wear long, white sheets of cloth.south India men wear long, white sheets of cloth.
In north Indian languages likeIn north Indian languages like HindiHindi,, MarathiMarathi
andand OriyaOriya these are calledthese are called
dhoti, while indhoti, while in TamilTamil they arethey are
called veshti. Over the dhoti,called veshti. Over the dhoti,
men wear shirts, t-shirts, ormen wear shirts, t-shirts, or
anything else.anything else.
Traditional Indian clothing for women are the saris or the
salwar kameez and also gaghra cholis (lehengas). Saris
made out of silk are the considered the most elegant.
Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay, is one of India's
fashion capitals. In some village parts of India, traditional
clothing is worn. Women wear a sari, a long sheet of
colorful cloth with patterns.
Indian Food
Indian cuisineIndian cuisine consists of thousandsconsists of thousands
of regional cuisines which date backof regional cuisines which date back
thousands of years. The dishes ofthousands of years. The dishes of IndiaIndia
are characterized by the extensive useare characterized by the extensive use
of variousof various Indian spicesIndian spices,,[1][1]
herbsherbs,,[1][1]
vegetablesvegetables[1][1]
andand fruitfruit. Indian cuisine. Indian cuisine
is also known for the widespreadis also known for the widespread
practice ofpractice of vegetarianismvegetarianism in Indianin Indian
society. Each family of Indian cuisinesociety. Each family of Indian cuisine
includes a wide assortment of dishesincludes a wide assortment of dishes
and cooking techniques. As aand cooking techniques. As a
consequence, it varies from region to region, reflecting theconsequence, it varies from region to region, reflecting the varied demographicsvaried demographics of theof the
ethnically-diverse subcontinent.ethnically-diverse subcontinent.
Hindu beliefsHindu beliefs andand cultureculture have played an influential role in the evolution of Indianhave played an influential role in the evolution of Indian
cuisine.cuisine.[2][2]
However, cuisine across India also evolved as a result of the subcontinent'sHowever, cuisine across India also evolved as a result of the subcontinent's
large-scale cultural interactions withlarge-scale cultural interactions with MongolsMongols andand BritainBritain making it a unique blend ofmaking it a unique blend of
some various cuisines.some various cuisines.
Indian Sports
Sports in India include cricket, chess,
badminton, field hockey, tennis,
association football and golf. Field Hockey
is the official national sport in India, and
the country has eight olympic gold medals
in field hockey, though cricket is the most
popular. Other popular sports include
football, tennis, volleyball, and badminton.
After the 1982 Asian Games hosted in
New Delhi, the capital city now has modern sports facilities, and similar facilities are also
being developed in other parts of the country. Besides sports and games included in the
international sporting agenda, there are many which have developed indigenously.
Throughout the country a wide variety of sports are played. India is home toThroughout the country a wide variety of sports are played. India is home to
several traditional sports which originated in the country and continue to remain fairlyseveral traditional sports which originated in the country and continue to remain fairly
popular.popular.
Indian Dance
Dance in IndiaDance in India covers a widecovers a wide
range ofrange of dancedance andand dance theatredance theatre
forms, from the ancient classical orforms, from the ancient classical or
temple dance to folk and moderntemple dance to folk and modern
styles.styles.
Three best-knownThree best-known HinduHindu deities,deities,
ShivaShiva,, KaliKali andand KrishnaKrishna, are, are
typically represented dancing.typically represented dancing.
There are hundreds ofThere are hundreds of
Indian folk dancesIndian folk dances such assuch as
BhangraBhangra,, BihuBihu,, Ghumura DanceGhumura Dance,,
SambalpuriSambalpuri,,
ChhauChhau andand GarbaGarba and special dances observed in regional festivals. India offers aand special dances observed in regional festivals. India offers a
number ofnumber of classical Indian danceclassical Indian dance forms, each of which can be traced to different parts offorms, each of which can be traced to different parts of
the country. The presentation of Indian dance styles in film,the country. The presentation of Indian dance styles in film, Hindi CinemaHindi Cinema, has exposed, has exposed
the range of dance in India to a global audience.the range of dance in India to a global audience.
Indian Festivals
India presents a cultural potpourriIndia presents a cultural potpourri
of number of religions with theirof number of religions with their
own festivals and celebrations butown festivals and celebrations but
the four major religions followed inthe four major religions followed in
India are Hinduism, Islam,India are Hinduism, Islam,
Christianity and Sikhism in theChristianity and Sikhism in the
descending order. There are adescending order. There are a
number of regional festivals whichnumber of regional festivals which
are celebrated in particular areasare celebrated in particular areas
only. Bright colors, brightly litonly. Bright colors, brightly lit
religious places, illuminated houses, sweets and traditional dresses and dances andreligious places, illuminated houses, sweets and traditional dresses and dances and
unwavering enthusiasm are the characteristics of all the festival holidays in India.unwavering enthusiasm are the characteristics of all the festival holidays in India.
Cuisine, dresses and ornaments, especially of the Indian women, with the profusion ofCuisine, dresses and ornaments, especially of the Indian women, with the profusion of
golden, red and yellow colors, cultural and traditional performances and music, chariotgolden, red and yellow colors, cultural and traditional performances and music, chariot
and car procession of the deities and interesting folklores give the Indian festivals theirand car procession of the deities and interesting folklores give the Indian festivals their
universal appeal.universal appeal.
Indian Architectures
TheThe architecture of Indiaarchitecture of India is rooted inis rooted in
itsits historyhistory,, cultureculture andand religionreligion..[1][1]
IndianIndian
architecture progressed with time andarchitecture progressed with time and
assimilated the many influences thatassimilated the many influences that
came as a result ofcame as a result of IndiaIndia's global's global
discourse with other regions of the worlddiscourse with other regions of the world
throughout its millennia-old past.throughout its millennia-old past.[1][1]
TheThe
architectural methods practiced in Indiaarchitectural methods practiced in India
are a result of examination andare a result of examination and
implementation of its established buildingimplementation of its established building
traditions and outside culturaltraditions and outside cultural
interactions.interactions.[1][1]
Though old, thisThough old, this EasternEastern tradition hastradition hasalso incorporated modern values as India became a modern nation state.also incorporated modern values as India became a modern nation state.[1][1]
The economicThe economic
reforms of 1991 further bolstered the urban architecture of India as the country becamereforms of 1991 further bolstered the urban architecture of India as the country became
more integrated with the world's economy.more integrated with the world's economy.[1][1]
TraditionalTraditional Vastu ShastraVastu Shastra remains influentialremains influential
in India's architecture during the contemporary era.in India's architecture during the contemporary era.
ConclusionDepending upon the historian,Depending upon the historian,
India's modern age may have begunIndia's modern age may have begun
in 1848, when the appointment ofin 1848, when the appointment of
Lord DalhousieLord Dalhousie as Governoras Governor
General of theGeneral of the Company rule inCompany rule in
IndiaIndia inaugurated changes essentialinaugurated changes essential
to the development of a modernto the development of a modern
state: the demarcation andstate: the demarcation and
consolidation of sovereignty; theconsolidation of sovereignty; the
surveillance of the population; thesurveillance of the population; the
education of citizens; and the construction of railways, canals, and telegraph lines, whicheducation of citizens; and the construction of railways, canals, and telegraph lines, which
were introduced not long after they had taken root in Europe.were introduced not long after they had taken root in Europe.
- Presented by
Saikat Rakshit.

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India-a great country

  • 2. Introduction India , officially the Republic of India,India , officially the Republic of India, is a country inis a country in South AsiaSouth Asia. It is the. It is the seventh-largestseventh-largest country by geographicalcountry by geographical area, thearea, the second-most populoussecond-most populous countrycountry withwith over 1.2 billion peopleover 1.2 billion people, and the, and the most populous democracy in the world.most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by theBounded by the IndianIndian OceanOcean on theon the south, thesouth, the Arabian SeaArabian Sea on theon the southwest, and thesouthwest, and the Bay of BengalBay of Bengal onon the southeast, it shares land bordersthe southeast, it shares land borders withwith PakistanPakistan to the west;to the west; BhutanBhutan,, thethe People's Republic of ChinaPeople's Republic of China andand NepalNepal to the northeast; andto the northeast; and BangladeshBangladesh andand BurmaBurma toto the eastthe east.. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity ofIn the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri LankaSri Lanka and theand the MaldivesMaldives; in; in addition, India'saddition, India's Andaman and Nicobar IslandsAndaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border withshare a maritime border with ThailandThailand andand IndonesiaIndonesia..
  • 3. Physical Features India is bounded to the southwest by theIndia is bounded to the southwest by the Arabian SeaArabian Sea, to the southeast by the, to the southeast by the Bay of BengalBay of Bengal, and to the south by the, and to the south by the Indian OceanIndian Ocean.. KanyakumariKanyakumari is the southernis the southern tip of the Indian peninsula. Thetip of the Indian peninsula. The southernmost point in India issouthernmost point in India is Indira PointIndira Point,, in thein the Andaman and Nicobar IslandsAndaman and Nicobar Islands.. TheThe Maldives,Maldives, Sri LankaSri Lanka andand IndonesiaIndonesia areare island nations to the south of India. Sriisland nations to the south of India. Sri Lanka is separated from India by theLanka is separated from India by the Gulf of MannarGulf of Mannar and the narrow channel ofand the narrow channel of Palk StraitPalk Strait. The territorial waters of India. The territorial waters of India extend into the sea to a distance of 12extend into the sea to a distance of 12 nautical milesnautical miles (13.8 mi; 22.2 km) measured(13.8 mi; 22.2 km) measured from thefrom the appropriate baseline. Climate across India ranges from equatorial in the far south, toappropriate baseline. Climate across India ranges from equatorial in the far south, to alpinealpine in the upper reaches of the Himalayas.in the upper reaches of the Himalayas.
  • 4. Political Features India's borders run a total length ofIndia's borders run a total length of 15,106.70 km (9,387 mi). Its borders with15,106.70 km (9,387 mi). Its borders with Pakistan and Bangladesh were delineatedPakistan and Bangladesh were delineated according to theaccording to the Radcliffe LineRadcliffe Line, which was, which was created in 1947 duringcreated in 1947 during Partition of IndiaPartition of India. Its. Its western border with Pakistan extends up towestern border with Pakistan extends up to 3,323 km (2,065 mi), dividing the3,323 km (2,065 mi), dividing the Punjab regionPunjab region and running along theand running along the boundaries of the Thar Desert and theboundaries of the Thar Desert and the Rann ofRann of Kutch. Both nations delineated aKutch. Both nations delineated a Line of ControlLine of Control (LoC) to serve as the informal(LoC) to serve as the informal boundary between the Indian and Pakistan-boundary between the Indian and Pakistan- administered areas of Kashmir. According toadministered areas of Kashmir. According to India's claim, it alsoIndia's claim, it also shares a 106 km (66 mi) border with Afghanistan in northwestern Kashmir, which isshares a 106 km (66 mi) border with Afghanistan in northwestern Kashmir, which is under Pakistani control.under Pakistani control.
  • 5. Indian Dress For men, traditional clothes are theFor men, traditional clothes are the kurtakurta. In. In south India men wear long, white sheets of cloth.south India men wear long, white sheets of cloth. In north Indian languages likeIn north Indian languages like HindiHindi,, MarathiMarathi andand OriyaOriya these are calledthese are called dhoti, while indhoti, while in TamilTamil they arethey are called veshti. Over the dhoti,called veshti. Over the dhoti, men wear shirts, t-shirts, ormen wear shirts, t-shirts, or anything else.anything else. Traditional Indian clothing for women are the saris or the salwar kameez and also gaghra cholis (lehengas). Saris made out of silk are the considered the most elegant. Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay, is one of India's fashion capitals. In some village parts of India, traditional clothing is worn. Women wear a sari, a long sheet of colorful cloth with patterns.
  • 6. Indian Food Indian cuisineIndian cuisine consists of thousandsconsists of thousands of regional cuisines which date backof regional cuisines which date back thousands of years. The dishes ofthousands of years. The dishes of IndiaIndia are characterized by the extensive useare characterized by the extensive use of variousof various Indian spicesIndian spices,,[1][1] herbsherbs,,[1][1] vegetablesvegetables[1][1] andand fruitfruit. Indian cuisine. Indian cuisine is also known for the widespreadis also known for the widespread practice ofpractice of vegetarianismvegetarianism in Indianin Indian society. Each family of Indian cuisinesociety. Each family of Indian cuisine includes a wide assortment of dishesincludes a wide assortment of dishes and cooking techniques. As aand cooking techniques. As a consequence, it varies from region to region, reflecting theconsequence, it varies from region to region, reflecting the varied demographicsvaried demographics of theof the ethnically-diverse subcontinent.ethnically-diverse subcontinent. Hindu beliefsHindu beliefs andand cultureculture have played an influential role in the evolution of Indianhave played an influential role in the evolution of Indian cuisine.cuisine.[2][2] However, cuisine across India also evolved as a result of the subcontinent'sHowever, cuisine across India also evolved as a result of the subcontinent's large-scale cultural interactions withlarge-scale cultural interactions with MongolsMongols andand BritainBritain making it a unique blend ofmaking it a unique blend of some various cuisines.some various cuisines.
  • 7. Indian Sports Sports in India include cricket, chess, badminton, field hockey, tennis, association football and golf. Field Hockey is the official national sport in India, and the country has eight olympic gold medals in field hockey, though cricket is the most popular. Other popular sports include football, tennis, volleyball, and badminton. After the 1982 Asian Games hosted in New Delhi, the capital city now has modern sports facilities, and similar facilities are also being developed in other parts of the country. Besides sports and games included in the international sporting agenda, there are many which have developed indigenously. Throughout the country a wide variety of sports are played. India is home toThroughout the country a wide variety of sports are played. India is home to several traditional sports which originated in the country and continue to remain fairlyseveral traditional sports which originated in the country and continue to remain fairly popular.popular.
  • 8. Indian Dance Dance in IndiaDance in India covers a widecovers a wide range ofrange of dancedance andand dance theatredance theatre forms, from the ancient classical orforms, from the ancient classical or temple dance to folk and moderntemple dance to folk and modern styles.styles. Three best-knownThree best-known HinduHindu deities,deities, ShivaShiva,, KaliKali andand KrishnaKrishna, are, are typically represented dancing.typically represented dancing. There are hundreds ofThere are hundreds of Indian folk dancesIndian folk dances such assuch as BhangraBhangra,, BihuBihu,, Ghumura DanceGhumura Dance,, SambalpuriSambalpuri,, ChhauChhau andand GarbaGarba and special dances observed in regional festivals. India offers aand special dances observed in regional festivals. India offers a number ofnumber of classical Indian danceclassical Indian dance forms, each of which can be traced to different parts offorms, each of which can be traced to different parts of the country. The presentation of Indian dance styles in film,the country. The presentation of Indian dance styles in film, Hindi CinemaHindi Cinema, has exposed, has exposed the range of dance in India to a global audience.the range of dance in India to a global audience.
  • 9. Indian Festivals India presents a cultural potpourriIndia presents a cultural potpourri of number of religions with theirof number of religions with their own festivals and celebrations butown festivals and celebrations but the four major religions followed inthe four major religions followed in India are Hinduism, Islam,India are Hinduism, Islam, Christianity and Sikhism in theChristianity and Sikhism in the descending order. There are adescending order. There are a number of regional festivals whichnumber of regional festivals which are celebrated in particular areasare celebrated in particular areas only. Bright colors, brightly litonly. Bright colors, brightly lit religious places, illuminated houses, sweets and traditional dresses and dances andreligious places, illuminated houses, sweets and traditional dresses and dances and unwavering enthusiasm are the characteristics of all the festival holidays in India.unwavering enthusiasm are the characteristics of all the festival holidays in India. Cuisine, dresses and ornaments, especially of the Indian women, with the profusion ofCuisine, dresses and ornaments, especially of the Indian women, with the profusion of golden, red and yellow colors, cultural and traditional performances and music, chariotgolden, red and yellow colors, cultural and traditional performances and music, chariot and car procession of the deities and interesting folklores give the Indian festivals theirand car procession of the deities and interesting folklores give the Indian festivals their universal appeal.universal appeal.
  • 10. Indian Architectures TheThe architecture of Indiaarchitecture of India is rooted inis rooted in itsits historyhistory,, cultureculture andand religionreligion..[1][1] IndianIndian architecture progressed with time andarchitecture progressed with time and assimilated the many influences thatassimilated the many influences that came as a result ofcame as a result of IndiaIndia's global's global discourse with other regions of the worlddiscourse with other regions of the world throughout its millennia-old past.throughout its millennia-old past.[1][1] TheThe architectural methods practiced in Indiaarchitectural methods practiced in India are a result of examination andare a result of examination and implementation of its established buildingimplementation of its established building traditions and outside culturaltraditions and outside cultural interactions.interactions.[1][1] Though old, thisThough old, this EasternEastern tradition hastradition hasalso incorporated modern values as India became a modern nation state.also incorporated modern values as India became a modern nation state.[1][1] The economicThe economic reforms of 1991 further bolstered the urban architecture of India as the country becamereforms of 1991 further bolstered the urban architecture of India as the country became more integrated with the world's economy.more integrated with the world's economy.[1][1] TraditionalTraditional Vastu ShastraVastu Shastra remains influentialremains influential in India's architecture during the contemporary era.in India's architecture during the contemporary era.
  • 11. ConclusionDepending upon the historian,Depending upon the historian, India's modern age may have begunIndia's modern age may have begun in 1848, when the appointment ofin 1848, when the appointment of Lord DalhousieLord Dalhousie as Governoras Governor General of theGeneral of the Company rule inCompany rule in IndiaIndia inaugurated changes essentialinaugurated changes essential to the development of a modernto the development of a modern state: the demarcation andstate: the demarcation and consolidation of sovereignty; theconsolidation of sovereignty; the surveillance of the population; thesurveillance of the population; the education of citizens; and the construction of railways, canals, and telegraph lines, whicheducation of citizens; and the construction of railways, canals, and telegraph lines, which were introduced not long after they had taken root in Europe.were introduced not long after they had taken root in Europe. - Presented by Saikat Rakshit.
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