This document summarizes legislation passed by the 2015 session of the Virginia General Assembly that will affect citizens' daily lives. It was prepared by the Virginia Division of Legislative Services. The legislation covers many topics including agriculture, alcohol, boating, business, campus safety, civil law, coal mining, constitutional amendments, crimes, education, elections, general laws, health, hunting/fishing, motor vehicles, pet sales, science/technology, social services, taxes, tobacco, transportation, and water wells. Most new laws will take effect on July 1, 2015.
The document discusses the powers and functions of the Office of the Ombudsman according to the Philippine constitution and relevant laws. It outlines the Ombudsman's ability to investigate acts of public officials and employees for illegality, injustice or inefficiency. It can direct officials to perform their lawful duties and enforce disciplinary action for non-compliance. The Ombudsman is also empowered to request assistance from other government agencies and examine pertinent records in discharging its responsibilities.
This document outlines the Maharashtra Right to Public Services Act of 2015. Some key points:
- It establishes time limits for various government services that must be provided to eligible persons. Services and their time limits from different departments are listed.
- It creates a system of designated officers responsible for providing each service, as well as first and second appellate authorities to hear appeals if services are denied or delayed.
- Penalties can be imposed on designated officers or appellate authorities if they are found to have denied services without cause or failed to decide appeals in a timely manner. Repeated failures can also result in disciplinary action against designated officers.
- The act aims to encourage use of information technology to deliver services online and
1. The Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecological Societies of India filed a writ petition challenging the constitutional validity of Sections 23(1) and 23(2) of the Pre-Conception and Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques Act, which equates clerical errors to the actual offense of sex determination and allows for suspension of medical licenses prior to conviction.
2. The petitioner argues that equating unintentional paperwork errors to the serious offense of sex determination violates Articles 14, 19(1)(g), and 21 of the Indian Constitution. Suspending licenses prior to conviction violates the presumption of innocence.
3. The respondents refute these claims, arguing that the Act is a social
The Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act defines corrupt practices for public officers and private individuals interacting with the government. It prohibits receiving gifts in relation to contracts, employment with private entities under certain circumstances, undisclosed conflicts of interest, and unexplained wealth disproportionate to salary. Violations are punishable by imprisonment, fines, and forfeiture of property. Public officers must also file annual statements disclosing their assets, liabilities, income and taxes.
This document defines graft and corrupt practices of public officers in the Philippines. It establishes that accepting gifts from interested parties and using public office for private gain are unlawful. The document also prohibits certain relatives of high-ranking officials from participating in government business, requires public officers to disclose their assets and liabilities annually, and defines terms like "public officer" and "government".
This document is Mongolia's anti-corruption law from 2006. It defines corruption as the abuse of official power for personal gain. It establishes Mongolia's anti-corruption agency and defines their role in investigations. It also outlines public education requirements, prevention activities, and prohibitions for government officials to prevent corruption. Key prevention activities include transparency in government processes and decisions, codes of ethics, and monitoring by non-governmental organizations.
The document summarizes the evolution of anti-corruption laws in India. It discusses how the Indian Penal Code of 1862 was supplemented by the Prevention of Corruption Act of 1947 to define criminal misconduct. The PC Act was further expanded in 1988 and recently amended in 2018. The key amendments in 2018 include narrowing the definition of criminal misconduct, introducing time limits for trial completion, and provisions targeting bribery by commercial organizations.
The document discusses the powers and functions of the Office of the Ombudsman according to the Philippine constitution and relevant laws. It outlines the Ombudsman's ability to investigate acts of public officials and employees for illegality, injustice or inefficiency. It can direct officials to perform their lawful duties and enforce disciplinary action for non-compliance. The Ombudsman is also empowered to request assistance from other government agencies and examine pertinent records in discharging its responsibilities.
This document outlines the Maharashtra Right to Public Services Act of 2015. Some key points:
- It establishes time limits for various government services that must be provided to eligible persons. Services and their time limits from different departments are listed.
- It creates a system of designated officers responsible for providing each service, as well as first and second appellate authorities to hear appeals if services are denied or delayed.
- Penalties can be imposed on designated officers or appellate authorities if they are found to have denied services without cause or failed to decide appeals in a timely manner. Repeated failures can also result in disciplinary action against designated officers.
- The act aims to encourage use of information technology to deliver services online and
1. The Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecological Societies of India filed a writ petition challenging the constitutional validity of Sections 23(1) and 23(2) of the Pre-Conception and Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques Act, which equates clerical errors to the actual offense of sex determination and allows for suspension of medical licenses prior to conviction.
2. The petitioner argues that equating unintentional paperwork errors to the serious offense of sex determination violates Articles 14, 19(1)(g), and 21 of the Indian Constitution. Suspending licenses prior to conviction violates the presumption of innocence.
3. The respondents refute these claims, arguing that the Act is a social
The Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act defines corrupt practices for public officers and private individuals interacting with the government. It prohibits receiving gifts in relation to contracts, employment with private entities under certain circumstances, undisclosed conflicts of interest, and unexplained wealth disproportionate to salary. Violations are punishable by imprisonment, fines, and forfeiture of property. Public officers must also file annual statements disclosing their assets, liabilities, income and taxes.
This document defines graft and corrupt practices of public officers in the Philippines. It establishes that accepting gifts from interested parties and using public office for private gain are unlawful. The document also prohibits certain relatives of high-ranking officials from participating in government business, requires public officers to disclose their assets and liabilities annually, and defines terms like "public officer" and "government".
This document is Mongolia's anti-corruption law from 2006. It defines corruption as the abuse of official power for personal gain. It establishes Mongolia's anti-corruption agency and defines their role in investigations. It also outlines public education requirements, prevention activities, and prohibitions for government officials to prevent corruption. Key prevention activities include transparency in government processes and decisions, codes of ethics, and monitoring by non-governmental organizations.
The document summarizes the evolution of anti-corruption laws in India. It discusses how the Indian Penal Code of 1862 was supplemented by the Prevention of Corruption Act of 1947 to define criminal misconduct. The PC Act was further expanded in 1988 and recently amended in 2018. The key amendments in 2018 include narrowing the definition of criminal misconduct, introducing time limits for trial completion, and provisions targeting bribery by commercial organizations.
Article 11 accountability of public officersJudithFtlvr
1. The document outlines the accountability of public officers under the Philippine Constitution. It defines key terms like public office, public officer, and establishes standards for integrity and conduct.
2. It discusses the process for impeachment of public officials, the grounds for impeachment, and which officials can be impeached.
3. It creates the Office of the Ombudsman to investigate graft and corruption, and outlines their powers, functions, and fiscal autonomy.
4. It establishes protections against ill-gotten wealth and conflicts of interest, and requires public officers to disclose their assets and maintain allegiance to the State.
The document provides an overview of the Right to Information Act 2009 in Jammu and Kashmir. Some key points:
- The Act aims to provide citizens the right to access information held by public authorities, promote transparency, and curb corruption.
- It establishes a practical regime for citizens to obtain government records and replaced previous state RTI acts.
- The Act follows the structure of the central RTI Act of 2005 and applies to both state and central government bodies in Jammu and Kashmir.
- It outlines procedures for filing RTI applications, timelines for responses, fees, exemptions, obligations of public authorities, and establishes the State Information Commission to oversee the law.
Principle of prevention of corruption and anti corruption regulatory framewor...DrShamsulArefin
The document provides an overview of anti-corruption principles and regulatory framework in Bangladesh. It discusses the historical background of anti-corruption efforts in Bangladesh dating back to British rule. It outlines the key acts and policies related to anti-corruption in Bangladesh including the Anti-Corruption Commission Act of 2004, Prevention of Corruption Act of 1947, and Bangladesh's ratification of the UN Convention Against Corruption. It also summarizes some of the Anti-Corruption Commission's initiatives and functions to investigate corruption cases and prevent illicit wealth.
The document provides an updated guide on the Right to Information Act of 2005 in India. It summarizes the key aspects of the Act, including its objectives of empowering citizens, promoting transparency, and enhancing democratic participation. It defines important terms like "information", "public authority", and the roles of Public Information Officers and Assistant Public Information Officers. It outlines citizens' rights to access information held by public bodies in various forms, as well as limitations. It also discusses how the RTI Act takes precedence over other laws and who is eligible to request information.
The document discusses ethics in government service. It defines ethics and outlines several ethical bases including rules, results, relationships, and tradition. It discusses key concepts like good governance, public service ethics, and standards. It also outlines several laws and rules that govern ethics for public officials like the Constitution, the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act, and the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees. Unethical behavior can have negative consequences like creating dehumanizing situations, a loss of public trust, and a bad public image, even if it is not necessarily illegal. The document emphasizes that while some behaviors may not be prohibited, they are still not appropriate or ethical for public servants.
The law has been passed in order to protect the women from sexual harassment and help her have a safe working environment.
The ACT is meant to save women only unlike in other countries where they have sexual harassment ACT to protect all. We think a lot of improvements need to be taken care in the act. It is more like the beta version.
The Act puts additional burden on the employer. Non compliance of the act shall attract monetary penalty and might even lead to closure of business.
Do read the our views slide on the last page.
This document provides an overview and summary of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 in India. It discusses how the Act aims to curb corruption among public servants by defining criminal offenses and associated penalties. Key points include:
- The Act consolidated previous anti-corruption laws and expanded the definition of a "public servant." It created special courts to try corruption cases.
- Offenses under the Act include a public servant accepting bribes, obtaining pecuniary advantages through abuse of power, or possessing disproportionate assets. Penalties include minimum six month imprisonment.
- The Act also includes presumptions of guilt that shift the burden of proof to the accused public servant in some cases. Investigation of offenses can be done
I have presented this slide before my course teacher. Now I am publishing this slide for all Students in Bangladesh which may help them for their study.
Texas Department of Public Safety - New Traffic, Criminal Laws Set To Go Into...Ken Brand
Subject: New Texas Traffic Laws - 9/1/09 – See Attachment
I wanted you to be aware that new traffic laws will be take effect September 1, 2009 in Texas. Here are some you should be aware of, but please take a look at the attached document from the Texas Department of Public Safety for more details.
1. Teen Drivers: Effective September 1, 2009, the laws for teenage drivers are getting tougher. Drivers younger than 18 are banned from using cell phones while driving (dialing, talking, texting) and total hours of behind-the-wheel driving instruction a teen receives is increasing from 14 to 34 before getting a license.
2. Driving in a School Zone: Effective September 1, 2009, the use of a wireless device within a reduced-speed school zone is prohibited. Cellular phones may be used while the vehicle is stopped in a school zone or with a hands-free device. The law also applies to bus drivers. Violators are subject to a fine of up to $200. Note: Cities or counties wanting to enforce this law must post a sign at the beginning of each school zone to inform drivers that using a wireless communications device is prohibited and the operator is subject to a fine. THE SIGNS ARE UP IN SOME AREAS!
3. Seat Belts: Effective September 1, 2009, all occupants of a vehicle, no matter their age, front and back seat, must wear seatbelts.
Un code of conduct for law enforcement officialsZahidManiyar
This document outlines a code of conduct for law enforcement officials with the following key points:
1) Law enforcement officials must fulfill their duty to serve the community, protect all people from illegal acts, and respect human dignity and human rights.
2) Force may only be used when strictly necessary and to the extent required to perform their duties. Firearms should only be used as an extreme measure.
3) Law enforcement officials must not commit any acts of corruption or torture, or invoke superior orders to justify such acts. They must also secure medical attention for anyone in their custody.
Slide deck on public accountability, with reference to provisions of the 1987 Philippine Constitution. Lecture slides were from an undergraduate course I taught on Philippine Politics and Governance circa 2003-2005.
The Right to Information Act was implemented in India to provide citizens the right to access information from public authorities in order to promote transparency and accountability. It applies to all states and union territories except Jammu and Kashmir. The Act requires public authorities to disclose information proactively and respond to requests within a 30 day period. It also establishes penalties for non-compliance and appeal processes for information seekers. However, there are exemptions for information that could affect national security, investigation processes, or commercial interests.
The document discusses several cases related to discrimination under Articles 15 and 16 of the Indian constitution. It summarizes key cases as follows:
1) A Rajasthan government order exempting certain castes/religions from paying police expenses was struck down as discriminatory on grounds of caste/religion.
2) A Bombay law allowing externment of non-locals but not locals was struck down as discriminatory based on place of birth.
3) A rule reserving medical college seats for state residents but not others was upheld as the distinction was based on residence not birthplace.
4) A rule reserving benefits for women principals was upheld under Article 15(3) which
The document outlines the key obligations and requirements for public authorities under the Right to Information Act in India. It discusses that public authorities must proactively publish information on their organization, functions, processes, policies and decisions. They must also designate Public Information Officers, Assistant Public Information Officers and Appellate Officers to respond to information requests from citizens. Public authorities are required to submit annual reports on implementation of the Act and comply with decisions of Information Commissions. The overall aim is to create a regime that provides citizens access to information held by the government to promote transparency.
The document discusses the Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Bill, 2018 in India. Key points:
1. The bill amends the Prevention of Corruption Act of 1988 to strengthen anti-corruption laws.
2. It expands the definition of bribery, criminalizes gifts given with undue influence, and makes both bribe giving and taking punishable offenses.
3. The amendments also aim to prevent delays in corruption cases, mandate timely trials, and allow for immediate attachment of illegal assets from public servants found guilty of corruption.
The Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment is an international human rights treaty that aims to prevent torture and other acts of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment around the world. The Convention defines torture and requires states to take effective measures to prevent torture in any territory under their jurisdiction. It also states that no exceptional circumstances can justify torture and that orders from superiors cannot be invoked as a justification for torture.
This document outlines proposed articles of law and reforms for the sovereign country of Ukraine. It establishes a democratic government with elected representatives and guarantees freedoms and rights to its citizens. It divides the country into nine districts each governed by a governor and two lieutenant governors. It establishes provisions for education, healthcare, social services, military benefits, protests, criminal justice processes, property rights, and decentralizing the government to prevent corruption. It also outlines the roles and responsibilities of federal, district, and local governments and establishes provisions for funding, emergency response, business investment, salaries, and taxes.
The document summarizes the Right to Information Act passed in India in 2005. It discusses key aspects of the act including its objectives to promote transparency and contain corruption. It defines public authorities covered under the act and their obligations. It outlines the roles of Public Information Officers and the process for citizens to request information. It describes what types of information are exempt from disclosure and penalties for non-compliance. The act established independent commissions to oversee its implementation and hear appeals related to information requests.
RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT 2005 ,FULL THEORY-MANPREET SINGH (B.COM)MANPREETSINGHPANESAR1
Right to information act 2005, all theory considered features ,merits ,demerits and functions etc.in briefly explained in this content . thanks for viewing this topic and do not forget to hit the like button ....
Right to information and consumer protection actSonia Verma
The document provides information on the Right to Information Act in India. It defines information and the rights of citizens to access information from public authorities. It outlines that citizens have the right to inspect documents, take notes and certified copies. It also discusses that the Act gives rights to citizens of India and provides some exceptions for NRIs and PIOs. The document outlines the process and requirements for filing RTI applications, including fees, timeframes and formats. It also discusses recent developments, anonymous applications and the ability to approach consumer forums for deficiencies in information provided under RTI.
The document provides a writing portfolio for Shelley M. Riseden that includes a blog post, article, persuasive article, and pleading. The blog post discusses New Jersey's anti-bullying law and defines harassment, intimidation, or bullying. The article describes exceptions to search warrant requirements such as consent searches and probable cause vehicle searches. The persuasive article analyzes how the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act protects consumers' personal financial information. The pleading is a response to a motion to dismiss an administrative review complaint.
The document summarizes several bills passed by the Georgia House of Representatives. It discusses bills that set the FY2023 and FY2024 budgets, dedicate hazardous waste fees to a trust fund, establish completion special schools, require reviews of unsolved murder cases, expand eligibility for public assistance, provide licensing reciprocity for military spouses, provide tax refunds, establish a student loan repayment program for medical examiners, and enact the Georgia Dangerous Sexual Predator Prevention Act.
Article 11 accountability of public officersJudithFtlvr
1. The document outlines the accountability of public officers under the Philippine Constitution. It defines key terms like public office, public officer, and establishes standards for integrity and conduct.
2. It discusses the process for impeachment of public officials, the grounds for impeachment, and which officials can be impeached.
3. It creates the Office of the Ombudsman to investigate graft and corruption, and outlines their powers, functions, and fiscal autonomy.
4. It establishes protections against ill-gotten wealth and conflicts of interest, and requires public officers to disclose their assets and maintain allegiance to the State.
The document provides an overview of the Right to Information Act 2009 in Jammu and Kashmir. Some key points:
- The Act aims to provide citizens the right to access information held by public authorities, promote transparency, and curb corruption.
- It establishes a practical regime for citizens to obtain government records and replaced previous state RTI acts.
- The Act follows the structure of the central RTI Act of 2005 and applies to both state and central government bodies in Jammu and Kashmir.
- It outlines procedures for filing RTI applications, timelines for responses, fees, exemptions, obligations of public authorities, and establishes the State Information Commission to oversee the law.
Principle of prevention of corruption and anti corruption regulatory framewor...DrShamsulArefin
The document provides an overview of anti-corruption principles and regulatory framework in Bangladesh. It discusses the historical background of anti-corruption efforts in Bangladesh dating back to British rule. It outlines the key acts and policies related to anti-corruption in Bangladesh including the Anti-Corruption Commission Act of 2004, Prevention of Corruption Act of 1947, and Bangladesh's ratification of the UN Convention Against Corruption. It also summarizes some of the Anti-Corruption Commission's initiatives and functions to investigate corruption cases and prevent illicit wealth.
The document provides an updated guide on the Right to Information Act of 2005 in India. It summarizes the key aspects of the Act, including its objectives of empowering citizens, promoting transparency, and enhancing democratic participation. It defines important terms like "information", "public authority", and the roles of Public Information Officers and Assistant Public Information Officers. It outlines citizens' rights to access information held by public bodies in various forms, as well as limitations. It also discusses how the RTI Act takes precedence over other laws and who is eligible to request information.
The document discusses ethics in government service. It defines ethics and outlines several ethical bases including rules, results, relationships, and tradition. It discusses key concepts like good governance, public service ethics, and standards. It also outlines several laws and rules that govern ethics for public officials like the Constitution, the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act, and the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees. Unethical behavior can have negative consequences like creating dehumanizing situations, a loss of public trust, and a bad public image, even if it is not necessarily illegal. The document emphasizes that while some behaviors may not be prohibited, they are still not appropriate or ethical for public servants.
The law has been passed in order to protect the women from sexual harassment and help her have a safe working environment.
The ACT is meant to save women only unlike in other countries where they have sexual harassment ACT to protect all. We think a lot of improvements need to be taken care in the act. It is more like the beta version.
The Act puts additional burden on the employer. Non compliance of the act shall attract monetary penalty and might even lead to closure of business.
Do read the our views slide on the last page.
This document provides an overview and summary of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 in India. It discusses how the Act aims to curb corruption among public servants by defining criminal offenses and associated penalties. Key points include:
- The Act consolidated previous anti-corruption laws and expanded the definition of a "public servant." It created special courts to try corruption cases.
- Offenses under the Act include a public servant accepting bribes, obtaining pecuniary advantages through abuse of power, or possessing disproportionate assets. Penalties include minimum six month imprisonment.
- The Act also includes presumptions of guilt that shift the burden of proof to the accused public servant in some cases. Investigation of offenses can be done
I have presented this slide before my course teacher. Now I am publishing this slide for all Students in Bangladesh which may help them for their study.
Texas Department of Public Safety - New Traffic, Criminal Laws Set To Go Into...Ken Brand
Subject: New Texas Traffic Laws - 9/1/09 – See Attachment
I wanted you to be aware that new traffic laws will be take effect September 1, 2009 in Texas. Here are some you should be aware of, but please take a look at the attached document from the Texas Department of Public Safety for more details.
1. Teen Drivers: Effective September 1, 2009, the laws for teenage drivers are getting tougher. Drivers younger than 18 are banned from using cell phones while driving (dialing, talking, texting) and total hours of behind-the-wheel driving instruction a teen receives is increasing from 14 to 34 before getting a license.
2. Driving in a School Zone: Effective September 1, 2009, the use of a wireless device within a reduced-speed school zone is prohibited. Cellular phones may be used while the vehicle is stopped in a school zone or with a hands-free device. The law also applies to bus drivers. Violators are subject to a fine of up to $200. Note: Cities or counties wanting to enforce this law must post a sign at the beginning of each school zone to inform drivers that using a wireless communications device is prohibited and the operator is subject to a fine. THE SIGNS ARE UP IN SOME AREAS!
3. Seat Belts: Effective September 1, 2009, all occupants of a vehicle, no matter their age, front and back seat, must wear seatbelts.
Un code of conduct for law enforcement officialsZahidManiyar
This document outlines a code of conduct for law enforcement officials with the following key points:
1) Law enforcement officials must fulfill their duty to serve the community, protect all people from illegal acts, and respect human dignity and human rights.
2) Force may only be used when strictly necessary and to the extent required to perform their duties. Firearms should only be used as an extreme measure.
3) Law enforcement officials must not commit any acts of corruption or torture, or invoke superior orders to justify such acts. They must also secure medical attention for anyone in their custody.
Slide deck on public accountability, with reference to provisions of the 1987 Philippine Constitution. Lecture slides were from an undergraduate course I taught on Philippine Politics and Governance circa 2003-2005.
The Right to Information Act was implemented in India to provide citizens the right to access information from public authorities in order to promote transparency and accountability. It applies to all states and union territories except Jammu and Kashmir. The Act requires public authorities to disclose information proactively and respond to requests within a 30 day period. It also establishes penalties for non-compliance and appeal processes for information seekers. However, there are exemptions for information that could affect national security, investigation processes, or commercial interests.
The document discusses several cases related to discrimination under Articles 15 and 16 of the Indian constitution. It summarizes key cases as follows:
1) A Rajasthan government order exempting certain castes/religions from paying police expenses was struck down as discriminatory on grounds of caste/religion.
2) A Bombay law allowing externment of non-locals but not locals was struck down as discriminatory based on place of birth.
3) A rule reserving medical college seats for state residents but not others was upheld as the distinction was based on residence not birthplace.
4) A rule reserving benefits for women principals was upheld under Article 15(3) which
The document outlines the key obligations and requirements for public authorities under the Right to Information Act in India. It discusses that public authorities must proactively publish information on their organization, functions, processes, policies and decisions. They must also designate Public Information Officers, Assistant Public Information Officers and Appellate Officers to respond to information requests from citizens. Public authorities are required to submit annual reports on implementation of the Act and comply with decisions of Information Commissions. The overall aim is to create a regime that provides citizens access to information held by the government to promote transparency.
The document discusses the Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Bill, 2018 in India. Key points:
1. The bill amends the Prevention of Corruption Act of 1988 to strengthen anti-corruption laws.
2. It expands the definition of bribery, criminalizes gifts given with undue influence, and makes both bribe giving and taking punishable offenses.
3. The amendments also aim to prevent delays in corruption cases, mandate timely trials, and allow for immediate attachment of illegal assets from public servants found guilty of corruption.
The Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment is an international human rights treaty that aims to prevent torture and other acts of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment around the world. The Convention defines torture and requires states to take effective measures to prevent torture in any territory under their jurisdiction. It also states that no exceptional circumstances can justify torture and that orders from superiors cannot be invoked as a justification for torture.
This document outlines proposed articles of law and reforms for the sovereign country of Ukraine. It establishes a democratic government with elected representatives and guarantees freedoms and rights to its citizens. It divides the country into nine districts each governed by a governor and two lieutenant governors. It establishes provisions for education, healthcare, social services, military benefits, protests, criminal justice processes, property rights, and decentralizing the government to prevent corruption. It also outlines the roles and responsibilities of federal, district, and local governments and establishes provisions for funding, emergency response, business investment, salaries, and taxes.
The document summarizes the Right to Information Act passed in India in 2005. It discusses key aspects of the act including its objectives to promote transparency and contain corruption. It defines public authorities covered under the act and their obligations. It outlines the roles of Public Information Officers and the process for citizens to request information. It describes what types of information are exempt from disclosure and penalties for non-compliance. The act established independent commissions to oversee its implementation and hear appeals related to information requests.
RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT 2005 ,FULL THEORY-MANPREET SINGH (B.COM)MANPREETSINGHPANESAR1
Right to information act 2005, all theory considered features ,merits ,demerits and functions etc.in briefly explained in this content . thanks for viewing this topic and do not forget to hit the like button ....
Right to information and consumer protection actSonia Verma
The document provides information on the Right to Information Act in India. It defines information and the rights of citizens to access information from public authorities. It outlines that citizens have the right to inspect documents, take notes and certified copies. It also discusses that the Act gives rights to citizens of India and provides some exceptions for NRIs and PIOs. The document outlines the process and requirements for filing RTI applications, including fees, timeframes and formats. It also discusses recent developments, anonymous applications and the ability to approach consumer forums for deficiencies in information provided under RTI.
The document provides a writing portfolio for Shelley M. Riseden that includes a blog post, article, persuasive article, and pleading. The blog post discusses New Jersey's anti-bullying law and defines harassment, intimidation, or bullying. The article describes exceptions to search warrant requirements such as consent searches and probable cause vehicle searches. The persuasive article analyzes how the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act protects consumers' personal financial information. The pleading is a response to a motion to dismiss an administrative review complaint.
The document summarizes several bills passed by the Georgia House of Representatives. It discusses bills that set the FY2023 and FY2024 budgets, dedicate hazardous waste fees to a trust fund, establish completion special schools, require reviews of unsolved murder cases, expand eligibility for public assistance, provide licensing reciprocity for military spouses, provide tax refunds, establish a student loan repayment program for medical examiners, and enact the Georgia Dangerous Sexual Predator Prevention Act.
HIPAA Security Rule application to Business Associates heats upDavid Sweigert
The HITECH Act expanded HIPAA privacy and security rules in several key ways:
1) It made business associates directly subject to HIPAA rules and require them to sign business associate agreements, protect PHI, and notify covered entities of breaches.
2) It required covered entities and business associates to notify individuals and government of any breaches of unsecured PHI.
3) It strengthened individual rights to access their electronic health records and accounting of disclosures, and required covered entities to agree to restrictions on disclosures to health plans.
4) It prohibited the sale of PHI by covered entities and business associates without authorization and placed restrictions on marketing communications.
5) It
To address the rapid increase in crime associated with the marijuana industry, MPSI will focus on providing armed and unarmed security for retail and grow operations, inventory and revenue transport, compliance oversight and workplace protection to the medical and adult use cannabis industry in all current and future marijuana legal markets.
Proposed People's Initiative law by Scrap Pork Natworkraissarobles
This document summarizes a proposed "Act Abolishing the Pork Barrel System" that was submitted to the Commission on Elections of the Philippines through a people's initiative process. The proposed act would abolish the presidential and congressional pork barrel system, mandate line item budgeting, prohibit lump sum appropriations, and penalize violators with 6 years and 1 day to 10 years imprisonment and disqualification from public office. It was submitted by over 3% of registered voters in each legislative district as required by law for a people's initiative.
Consumers' financial rights are protected by federal and state laws and regulations covering many services offered by financial institutions.
*All product and company names mentioned herein are for identification and educational purposes only and are the property of, and may be trademarks of, their respective owners.
This document provides an overview of consumer protection laws and forums in India. It defines a consumer, discusses types of consumers and their rights. It describes the structure of consumer protection forums in India from district level to the supreme court. It also discusses landmark cases related to medical negligence and recent proposed amendments to strengthen consumer protection.
This document summarizes key provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act related to the creation of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). It outlines the CFPB's structure, functions, rulemaking authority, and enforcement powers. Additionally, it discusses ways state Attorneys General can partner with the CFPB, including compelling rulemaking, petitioning for rulemaking, and commenting on proposed rules. The overall goal is to establish an effective partnership between the CFPB and state AGs to enforce consumer financial protection.
The document summarizes key aspects of the Consumer Protection Act 2019 in India. It notes that the 2019 Act was passed to repeal the 1986 Act and provide better protection for consumers, especially with the growth of e-commerce. Some key changes include expanding the definition of "consumer" to include online purchases, introducing six consumer rights, establishing a Central Consumer Protection Authority, introducing product liability provisions, and increasing the monetary limits of the Consumer Disputes Redressal Commissions. The 2019 Act aims to strengthen consumer protection through these changes.
The Bombay Nursing Home Registration Act, 1949 provides for the registration and inspection of nursing homes in the state of Maharashtra. Some key points:
1) The act requires all nursing homes to register with the local supervising authority and renew their registration every 3 years. It outlines the application process and fees.
2) Refusal or cancellation of registration may occur if the nursing home does not meet management or compliance requirements.
3) The act establishes penalties for non-registration such as fines or imprisonment. It also mandates reporting of deaths and maintenance of patient records.
4) The act protects patient rights such as privacy, consent, autonomy in decisions, and confidentiality of health information. Nursing homes
This document outlines El Paso Corporation's political accountability policy. The policy has four main purposes: 1) to encourage the development of sound public policy, 2) to summarize laws regarding political activities, 3) to specify internal compliance procedures, and 4) to ensure disclosure and accountability to shareholders. It discusses laws around political contributions and lobbying, guidelines for corporate and PAC contributions, rules around employee political activities, and oversight of the company's political activities.
This document outlines El Paso Corporation's political accountability policy. The policy has four main purposes: 1) to encourage the development of sound public policy, 2) to summarize laws regarding political activities, 3) to specify internal compliance procedures, and 4) to ensure disclosure and accountability to shareholders. It discusses laws around political contributions and lobbying, guidelines for corporate and PAC contributions, rules around employee political activities, and oversight procedures for El Paso's political activities.
This document outlines El Paso Corporation's political accountability policy. The policy has four main purposes: 1) to encourage the development of sound public policy, 2) to summarize laws regarding political activities, 3) to specify internal compliance procedures, and 4) to ensure disclosure and accountability to shareholders. It discusses laws around political contributions and lobbying, guidelines for corporate and PAC contributions, rules around employee political activities, and oversight of the company's political activities.
This document outlines El Paso Corporation's political accountability policy. The policy's purpose is to encourage responsible participation in the political process to promote public policies that benefit the company and energy industry. It summarizes key US and international laws regarding political contributions and lobbying. The policy applies to all employees and requires compliance with all applicable laws. It defines political contributions and outlines guidelines for compliance with disclosure and reporting requirements in federal, state, local, and international laws and regulations.
This document provides an overview of compliance training for employees at Devon Bank. It begins with introductions to regulatory compliance and how it affects the bank. It then reviews several key federal regulations that the bank must comply with, including those from the FDIC, OCC, FRB, and HUD. The training covers compliance examinations, visitations, and investigations. It also reviews regulations that apply specifically to the residential lending department, such as the Community Reinvestment Act, Fair Lending Law, and Home Mortgage Disclosure Act. Throughout, it emphasizes the importance of all bank employees understanding and adhering to the various compliance rules and regulations.
This document summarizes the key aspects of the Data Privacy Act of 2012 in the Philippines. It outlines the functions of the newly established National Privacy Commission, which is tasked with ensuring compliance with the law and protecting personal information. The law applies to all entities that process personal data and defines the general principles for lawful processing of personal information, including requirements for consent, legitimate purpose, and accuracy of data. It also covers the extraterritorial application of the law and protection of sensitive personal information.
The FCPA was enacted in 1977 to prohibit bribery of foreign officials and requires accurate record keeping. It applies to US companies and citizens, as well as some foreign firms. The FCPA makes it illegal to bribe foreign officials to gain business advantages. Violations can result in criminal fines up to $2M or $100k plus 5 years imprisonment for individuals, and civil fines up to $10k. The DOJ and SEC enforce the FCPA.
The document provides an overview of the California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA) which modifies the previous California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). Key points:
- The CPRA expands consumer privacy protections, strengthens data rights, and establishes the California Privacy Protection Agency to enforce the law.
- It applies to businesses that collect personal data of California residents and meet certain criteria for revenue, data collection, or common branding.
- The law goes into effect January 1, 2023 and applies retroactively to data collected after January 1, 2022. It grants consumers expanded rights over their data.
- Businesses must comply with regulations around data collection, use and sharing, security, access and
The document is a newsletter from Senator Dick Saslaw providing an update on legislation from the 2015 session of the Virginia General Assembly. It discusses bills passed relating to sales tax holidays, sexual assault on college campuses, transportation network companies like Uber and Lyft, industrial hemp research, autism coverage, and ethics reforms. It also lists some bills that failed to pass and other issues considered by the legislature.
This presentation was shared at the project open house for the Turney Road Transit-Oriented Development Study on June 25, 2024. For more information, please visit https://www.countyplanning.us/turneyroad
Peace, Conflict and National Adaptation Plan (NAP) ProcessesNAP Global Network
Conflict-affected countries dealing with national defense issues, the deaths and suffering of their people, and a fragile peace environment might find it challenging to prioritize climate change action. However, ignoring their adaptation needs while striving to promote peace would be a mistake, as there are close links between climate change and fragility.
Causes Supporting Charity for Elderly PeopleSERUDS INDIA
Around 52% of the elder populations in India are living in poverty and poor health problems. In this technological world, they became very backward without having any knowledge about technology. So they’re dependent on working hard for their daily earnings, they’re physically very weak. Thus charity organizations are made to help and raise them and also to give them hope to live.
Donate Us:
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Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
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2024: The FAR - Federal Acquisition Regulations, Part 44
2015 Changes To Virginia's Laws
1. Virginia Division of Legislative Services
In Due Course is a selection of legislation passed by the 2015 Session of the General Assembly that
is likely to affect the daily lives of the citizens of Virginia. The following legislation has been signed by
the Governor and for the most part will go into effect on July 1, 2015.
The summaries were prepared by the staff of the Division of Legislative Services. Complete information
on actions of the 2015 Session is available on the Legislative Information System (http://lis.virginia.gov).
Topics
Agriculture
Alcoholic Beverage Control
Boating
Business and Employment
Campus Safety
Civil Law
Coalbed Methane Gas
Constitutional Amendments
Criminal Offenses/Procedure
Education
Elections/Voting
General Laws
Health
Hunting, Trapping, and Fishing
Licenses
Motor Vehicles/DMV
Pet Sales
Science and Technology
Social Services
Special License Plates
Taxation
Tobacco Products
Transportation
Water Wells
Agriculture
HB 1277/SB 955. Industrial hemp production and manufacturing. The law allows the cultivation of
industrial hemp by licensed growers as part of a university-managed research program. The law defines
industrial hemp as the plant Cannabis sativa with a concentration of THC no greater than that allowed
by federal law, excludes industrial hemp from the definition of marijuana in the Drug Control Act, and
bars the prosecution of a licensed grower under drug laws for the possession of industrial hemp as part
of the research program. The bill directs the Commissioner of the Department of Agriculture and
Consumer Services to adopt relevant regulations and establish an industrial hemp research program to be
managed by public institutions of higher education.
Alcoholic Beverage Control
HB 1776/SB 1032. Alcoholic beverage control. The law eliminates the Alcoholic Beverage Control
(ABC) Board and replaces it with the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority, created by the
In Due Course:
2015 Changes to Virginia’s Laws
Virginia Division of Legislative Services
“All laws enacted at a regular session, . . .
excluding a general appropriation law,
shall take effect on the first day of July
following the adjournment of the session of the
General Assembly at which it has been enacted.”
Constitution of Virginia, Article IV, Section 13
2. Page 2 June 2015
In Due Course
law. The law provides for the appointment of the Board of Directors of the Authority by the Governor,
to be confirmed by the General Assembly, and the appointment by the Governor of a Chief Executive
Officer of the Authority, also to be confirmed by the General Assembly, and sets the eligibility
requirements for appointment of both the Board members and the Chief Executive Officer, including
background checks. The law provides for the salary of Board members and the Chief Executive Officer.
Among other things, the law also (i) provides for the transfer of current ABC employees to the
Authority, (ii) continues such employees’ participation in the state health plan and VRS, and (iii) sets
out the powers and duties of the Authority and the Chief Executive Officer. The law has a delayed
effective date of July 1, 2018, except that certain study and reporting requirements become effective
July 1, 2015.
HB 1908/SB 1034. Alcoholic beverage control; powdered or crystalline alcohol; penalty. The law,
which became effective on April 15, 2015, adds powdered or crystalline alcohol to the definition of
alcoholic beverages, prohibits containers sold in or shipped into the Commonwealth from including
powdered or crystalline alcohol, and creates a Class 1 misdemeanor for anyone who purchases,
possesses, offers for sale or use, sells, or uses a powdered or crystalline alcohol product.
Boating
HB 1298. Noncommercial vessels; reasonable suspicion. The law requires law-enforcement officers
to have reasonable suspicion that a violation of law or regulation exists before stopping, boarding, or
inspecting a noncommercial vessel on the navigable waters of the Commonwealth. The law allows
conservation police officers and Virginia Marine Police officers to (i) stop, board, and inspect in order to
inspect hunting, fishing, or trapping licenses or creel and bag limits and (ii) conduct lawful boating
safety checkpoints in accordance with established policies of the two agencies.
Business and Employment
HB 1285. Workers’ compensation; definition of employee; property owners’ associations. The law
amends the definition of employee within the Virginia Workers’ Compensation Act to exclude
noncompensated employees, directors, and executive officers of any entity that constitutes a property
owners’ association under the provisions of the Property Owners’ Association Act.
HB 1360/SB 763. Securities Act; crowdfunding exemption. The law creates an exemption from the
securities, broker-dealer, and agent registration requirements of the Securities Act for any security
issued by a Virginia entity if certain requirements are met and the security is sold in an offering
conducted in compliance with conditions established by rule or order of the State Corporation
Commission. The SCC may assess a filing fee not to exceed $500. The SCC is required to report
annually on the implementation of the law, which will expire on July 1, 2020.
HB 1806/SB 745. Workers’ compensation; exclusion of certain truck owner-operators. The law
excludes any owner-operator of a motor vehicle that is leased with or to a common or contract carrier in
the trucking industry from the definition of an employee for purposes of the Virginia Workers’
Compensation Act, if certain conditions establish that the owner-operator is an independent contractor.
HB 2081. Employers; disclosure of social media account information. The law prohibits an employer
from requiring a current or prospective employee to disclose the username and password to his social
media account. The law also prohibits an employer from requiring an employee to add an employee, a
supervisor, or an administrator to the list of contacts associated with the employee’s social media
account.
3. June 2015 Page 3
Virginia Division of Legislative Services
Campus Safety
HB 1785. Campus police departments; sexual assault reporting. The law requires that mutual aid
agreements between a campus police force and a law-enforcement agency require either the campus
police force or the agency with which it has established a mutual aid agreement to notify the local
attorney for the Commonwealth within 48 hours of beginning any investigation involving felony
criminal sexual assault occurring on campus property or other property related to the institution of
higher education. The law also requires institutions of higher education that have security departments
instead of campus police forces to enter into a memorandum of understanding with a law-enforcement
agency that requires similar notification to the local attorney for the Commonwealth.
HB 1930/SB 712. Institutions of higher education; reporting acts of sexual violence. The law
requires any responsible employee of a public or private nonprofit institution of higher education who in
the course of his employment obtains information that an act of sexual violence has been committed
against a student or on campus property or other property related to the institution to report such
information to the Title IX coordinator for the institution as soon as practicable, who must in turn report
such information to a review committee that is required to meet within 72 hours of the receipt of such
information. If the review committee determines that disclosure of the information regarding the alleged
act of sexual violence is necessary to protect the health and safety of the victim or other individuals, the
information, including personally identifiable information, must be reported to the law-enforcement
agency responsible for investigating the alleged act.
In addition, the law requires the governing board of each public or private nonprofit institution of higher
education to (i) establish a written memorandum of understanding with a local sexual assault crisis
center or other victim support service and (ii) adopt policies to provide victims with information on
contacting such center or service. The law requires each public or private nonprofit institution of higher
education to annually certify to the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia that it has reviewed
its sexual violence policy and requires the Department of Criminal Justice Services to monitor and
report on the impact of the legislation on the workload of local victim witness programs.
SB 1193. Academic transcripts; suspension, permanent dismissal, or withdrawal from institution.
The law requires the registrar of certain public and private institutions of higher education, or the other
employee, office, or department of the institution that is responsible for maintaining student academic
records, to include a prominent notation on the transcript of each student who has been suspended for,
has been permanently dismissed for, or withdraws from the institution while under investigation for an
offense involving sexual violence, defined as physical sexual acts committed against a person’s will or
against a person incapable of giving consent, under the institution’s code, rules, or set of standards
governing student conduct. Any notation due to a student’s suspension must be removed if the student
completed the term and conditions of the suspension and has been determined by the institution to be in
good standing.
Civil Law
HB 1499/SB 1427. Right to breastfeed in public places. The law provides that a mother may
breastfeed in any place where the mother is lawfully present. Current law allows breastfeeding on any
property owned, leased, or controlled by the Commonwealth.
HB 2082. Civil immunity for rendering emergency care; forcible entry of motor vehicle to remove
a minor. The law provides that the civil immunity granted for rendering emergency care or assistance
includes the forcible entry of a motor vehicle to remove an unattended minor at risk of serious bodily
4. Page 4 June 2015
In Due Course
injury or death, provided that the person has attempted to contact a law-enforcement officer, a
firefighter, emergency medical services personnel, or an emergency 911 system prior to such entry, if
feasible under the circumstances.
HB 2383/SB 923. Child support for disabled child over the age of 18 (Conner’s Law). The law
provides that a court may order child support for any child over the age of 18 who is severely and
permanently mentally or physically disabled if such disability existed prior to the child’s reaching the
age of 18 or prior to the child’s reaching the age of 19 if the child was a full-time high school student,
was not self-supporting, and was living in the home of the parent seeking child support. Current
requirements that the child be unable to live independently, be unable to support himself, and reside in
the home of the parent seeking child support remain unchanged. The law also provides that an individual
who was denied such support prior to July 1, 2015, is eligible to petition the court for support for a
disabled child.
SB 1450. Social media; Privacy Expectation Afterlife and Choices Act; adoption. The law codifies
the Privacy Expectation Afterlife and Choices Act (the Act), which dictates the circumstances under
which a provider of an electronic communications service or remote computing service may be required
to disclose electronic communications to the personal representative of a deceased user’s estate. The Act
provides that a provider shall not be compelled to make such disclosure if doing so would be contrary to
the deceased user’s expressed intent. The Act further provides that a provider shall not be held liable in
any civil or criminal action for compliance in good faith with a court order issued pursuant to the Act.
Finally, the law requests the Joint Commission on Technology and Science to study the implementation
of the Act and develop legislative recommendations to address access to electronic communication
records and digital account content by guardians ad litem, conservators, and other fiduciaries.
Coalbed Methane Gas
HB 2058. Coalbed methane gas; release of funds held in escrow or suspense. The law requires an
operator of a previously pooled coalbed methane gas well to request, by the beginning of 2016, the
release of any funds held in escrow or suspense to the person who possesses a claim through a gas title.
A coal claimant may halt such a release of funds by providing evidence that the coal and gas claimants
have reached an agreement or that a proceeding against the gas claimant is pending. For a well that is
pooled after July 1, 2015, the law requires the operator to pay royalties directly to the gas claimant
unless the coal claimant provides evidence of an agreement or a proceeding within a certain time. The
Virginia Oil and Gas Board, under certain conditions, is authorized to extend the time for the payment of
funds held in escrow and is not required to order payment if the gas claimant fails to provide information
needed by the Board in order to distribute the funds. The law does not create a fiduciary duty or
extinguish any cause of action, including an action for an accounting.
Constitutional Amendments
If enacted again by the 2016 Session of the General Assembly, the following constitutional amendments
will be considered by statewide voter referendum at the November 2016 general election:
HJ 490. Constitutional amendment (first resolution); right to work. The amendment provides that
any agreement or combination between any employer and any labor union or labor organization
whereby persons not members of such union or organization are denied the right to work for the
employer, or whereby such membership is made a condition of employment or continuation of
employment by such employer, or whereby any such union or organization acquires an employment
5. June 2015 Page 5
Virginia Division of Legislative Services
monopoly in any enterprise, is against public policy and constitutes an illegal combination or conspiracy
and is void.
HJ 597. Constitutional amendment (first resolution); real property tax exemption. The amendment
provides that the General Assembly may provide for a local option to exempt from taxation the primary
residence of the surviving spouse of any law-enforcement officer, firefighter, search and rescue
personnel, or emergency medical services personnel killed in the line of duty. Such tax exemption may
not be claimed by a surviving spouse who has remarried.
SJ 256. Constitutional amendment (first resolution); charter schools. The amendment grants the
Board of Education authority, subject to criteria and conditions prescribed by the General Assembly, to
establish charter schools within the school divisions of the Commonwealth.
Criminal Offenses/Procedure
HB 1445/SB 1235. Possession or distribution of marijuana for medical purposes; epilepsy. The law,
which became effective on February 26, 2015, provides an affirmative defense in a prosecution for the
possession of marijuana if the marijuana is in the form of cannabidiol oil or THC-A oil possessed
pursuant to a valid written certification issued by a practitioner of medicine or osteopathy licensed by
the Board of Medicine for purposes of treating or alleviating a patient’s symptoms of intractable
epilepsy. The law provides that a practitioner shall not be prosecuted for distribution of marijuana under
these circumstances.
HB 1493. Enticing persons to dwelling house to commit certain crimes; penalty. The law provides
that a person who commits certain specified crimes, including capital murder, first and second degree
murder, murder of a pregnant woman, abduction with intent to extort money or for immoral purposes,
aggravated malicious wounding, robbery, rape, forcible sodomy, or object sexual penetration, within a
dwelling house and who, with the intent to commit such crime, enticed, solicited, requested, or
otherwise caused the victim to enter the dwelling house is guilty of a separate and distinct Class 6
felony.
HB 1500/SB 892. Safe reporting of overdoses. The law establishes an affirmative defense to
prosecution of an individual for (i) simple possession of a controlled substance, marijuana, or controlled
paraphernalia; (ii) intoxication in public; or (iii) the unlawful purchase, possession, or consumption of
alcohol if such individual sought or obtained emergency medical attention for himself or for another
individual because of a drug-related or alcohol-related overdose and if the evidence for the charge was
obtained as a result of the individual seeking or obtaining emergency medical attention.
The law provides that the affirmative defense may only be invoked by an individual who (a) remains at
the scene of the overdose or at any location to which he is transported for emergency medical attention
until a law-enforcement officer responds to the report of an overdose or, if no law-enforcement officer is
present at either the scene or the other location, cooperates with law enforcement, (b) identifies himself
to the responding law-enforcement officer, and (c) cooperates, upon request, with any criminal
investigation reasonably related to the drug or alcohol that resulted in the overdose. No individual may
assert this affirmative defense if the emergency medical attention sought or obtained was during the
execution of a search warrant or during the conduct of a lawful search or a lawful arrest.
HB 1928/SB 1187. DNA analysis upon conviction of certain misdemeanors. The law adds
misdemeanor violations of §§ 16.1-253.2 (violation of a protective order), 18.2-60.3 (stalking),
18.2-60.4 (violation of a stalking protective order), 18.2-67.4:1 (infected sexual battery), 18.2-102
(unauthorized use of animal, aircraft, vehicle, or boat valued at less than $200), 18.2-121 (entering
6. Page 6 June 2015
In Due Course
property of another for purpose of damaging it), 18.2-387 (indecent exposure), 18.2-387.1 (obscene
sexual display), and 18.2-479.1 (resisting arrest) to the list of offenses for which an adult convicted of
such offense must have a sample of his blood, saliva, or tissue taken for DNA analysis.
Under current law, a sample is taken for DNA analysis from adults convicted of only five misdemeanor
sex offenses: (i) § 18.2-67.4 (sexual battery), (ii) § 18.2-67.4:2 (sexual abuse of a child 13 years of age
or older but under 15), (iii) § 18.2-67.5 (attempted sexual battery), (iv) § 18.2-130 (peeping), or
(v) § 18.2-370.6 (penetrating the mouth of a child under 13 with the tongue).
The law also increases the fee collected for the withdrawal of the DNA sample from $25 to $53.The
provisions of the law apply only to persons convicted on or after July 1, 2015.
HB 1964/SB 1188. Commercial sex trafficking; penalties. The law creates new felonies for trafficking
of persons for commercial sexual activity. The law provides that any person who solicits, invites,
recruits, encourages, or otherwise causes or attempts to cause a person to engage in prostitution with the
intent to receive money or other valuable thing or to assist another in receiving money or other valuable
thing from the earnings of the solicited person from an act of prostitution is guilty of a Class 5 felony.
Felonies are increased if such behavior is done by an adult and the person solicited is a minor (Class 3
felony) and if force, intimidation, or deception is used against the person solicited (Class 4 felony). The
new crime was added to the definition of violent felony for the purposes of the sentencing guidelines,
predicate criminal acts for street gangs, the Virginia Racketeer Influence and Corrupt Organization Act,
multijurisdiction grand jury, and asset forfeiture and, if a minor is solicited, the Sex Offender Registry.
The law also increases the penalties for receiving money for procuring a person for prostitution and
receiving money from the earnings of a person engaged in prostitution if the crime involves a minor.
HB 2125/SB 1301. Use of unmanned aircraft systems by public bodies; search warrant required.
The law replaces the moratorium set to expire on July 1, 2015, on the use of unmanned aircraft systems
by state and local law-enforcement and regulatory entities, except in defined emergency situations or in
training exercises related to such situations, with an absolute prohibition on the use of unmanned aircraft
systems by such law-enforcement and regulatory entities unless a search warrant has been obtained prior
to such use. The warrant requirement does not apply to (i) utilization of such systems to support the
Commonwealth for purposes other than law enforcement; (ii) certain search and rescue operations; (iii)
certain Virginia National Guard and United States Armed Forces functions; (iv) research and
development conducted by institutions of higher education or other research organizations; or (v) the use
of unmanned aircraft systems for private, commercial, or recreational use.
SB 1056. Child pornography; obscenity; penalties. The law adds a mens rea of “knowingly” for the
offenses of (i) reproducing child pornography and (ii) soliciting child pornography to gain entry to a
group and removes the requirement of lascivious intent for these offenses.
Education
HB 1490/SB 874. Public schools; Standards of Learning tests. The law directs the Board of
Education to promulgate regulations to provide the same criteria for eligibility for an expedited retake of
any Standards of Learning test, with the exception of the writing Standards of Learning tests, to each
student regardless of grade level or course.
HB 1612. School service providers; student personal information. The law requires each entity that,
pursuant to a contract with a local school division, operates a website, mobile application, or online
service that (i) is designed and marketed solely for use in elementary or secondary schools, (ii) is used at
the direction of teachers or other employees at elementary or secondary schools, and (iii) collects and
7. June 2015 Page 7
Virginia Division of Legislative Services
maintains, uses, or shares information that identifies an individual student or is linked to information
that identifies an individual student to maintain certain protections for such information, including
transparency, privacy policies, information security programs, and access to an individual student’s
personal information by the student and his parents.
Elections/Voting
HB 1538. Elections; voter identification; match of identification and pollbook name. The law
provides that a voter meets one qualification for voting if the voter’s name as found on the pollbook
matches or is substantially similar to the name listed on the form of identification presented and the
name stated by the voter. The law does not eliminate the other qualifications for being permitted to vote.
HB 1653. Voter identification; accepted forms of identification. The law, which becomes effective
January 2, 2016, adds to the list of accepted forms of identification for purposes of voting valid student
photo identification cards issued by any private school located in the Commonwealth. Students of public
high schools are currently permitted to use their student photo identification cards for purposes of voting
because current law allows the use of photo identification issued by the Commonwealth or one of its
political subdivisions. Current law also allows students from both public and private institutions of
higher education located in the Commonwealth to use their student photo identification cards for
purposes of voting.
SB 816. Absentee voting; reason for application. The law removes the requirement that a person
applying for an absentee ballot because of an obligation occasioned by his religion provide information
regarding the nature of such obligation. Instead, he is required to state that he has an obligation
occasioned by his religion.
General Laws
HB 1472/SB 1362. State song. The law designates “Our Great Virginia,” lyrics by Mike Greenly and
arranged by Jim Papoulis, as the official traditional state song and “Sweet Virginia Breeze,” by Robbin
Thompson and Steve Bassett, as the official popular state song.
HB 1826/SB 1097. Virginia Racing Commission; powers. The law revises the Virginia horse racing
statute in light of Colonial Downs’ surrender of its unlimited license to own and operate the racetrack in
New Kent County and the nine satellite facilities in Virginia. The law, among other things, revises the
definition of licensee to permit any licensee to own or operate a racetrack and reallocates certain fees
paid by licensed online wagering companies.
SB 1008. Condominium and Property Owners’ Association Acts; statement of unit and lot owner
rights. The law provides that each member of a common interest community who is in good standing
has the right (i) of access to all books and records kept by or on behalf of the association, (ii) to cast a
vote on any matter requiring a vote by the association’s membership in proportion to the unit or lot
owner’s ownership interest, (iii) to have notice of any meeting of the executive organ or board of
directors and to record and participate in such meeting, (iv) to have notice of any proceeding conducted
against the unit or lot owner to enforce any rule or regulation of the association and the opportunity to be
heard and represented by counsel at such proceeding, and (v) to serve on the executive organ or board of
directors if duly elected.
8. Page 8 June 2015
In Due Course
Health
HB 1750/SB 732. Expanded access to investigational drugs, biological products, and devices. The
law provides that a manufacturer of an investigational drug, biological product, or device may make
such drug, product, or device available to a person who has a terminal condition when certain
requirements are met, that such manufacturer may provide the drug, product, or device free of charge or
may require the person to pay costs associated with its manufacture, and that health insurance providers
may, but are not required to, provide coverage for costs associated with use of such drug, product, or
device.
HB 2177/SB 1283. Certificate of public need. The law amends the definition of “project” for which a
certificate of public need is required to include capital expenditures of $15 million or more by or on
behalf of a medical care facility other than a general hospital. Currently, all capital expenditures of $15
million or more by any medical care facility constitute a project for which a certificate of public need is
required. The law provides that capital expenditures of $5 million or more by a general hospital shall be
registered with the Commissioner of Health. The law also directs the Secretary of Health and Human
Resources to convene a work group to review (i) the current certificate of public need process and its
impact on health care services in the Commonwealth and (ii) the need for changes to the current
certificate of public need process.
SB 750. Hospitals; required notice to patients. The law requires hospitals to provide oral and written
notice within 24 hours to any patient who has been placed under observation or in any other outpatient
status that he has been placed in such status if (i) the patient receives onsite services from the hospital
and (ii) such onsite services include a hospital bed and meals that are provided in an area of the hospital
other than the emergency department.
Hunting, Trapping, and Fishing Licenses
HB 2111. Hunting, trapping, or fishing licenses; electronic copies. The law allows a person who is
required to carry certain hunting, trapping, or fishing licenses or a hunter education certificate to meet
the requirement by carrying an electronic copy of the relevant license or certificate. The law requires a
license for bear, deer, or turkey to be carried in hard copy.
Motor Vehicles/DMV
HB 1342/SB 1220. Following too closely. The law includes non-motor vehicles (bicycles, electric
assistive mobility devices, electric power-assisted bicycles, and mopeds) among vehicles that the driver
of any motor vehicle shall not follow more closely than is reasonable.
HB 1392. Department of Motor Vehicles; emergency contact program. The law, which will take
effect on January 1, 2016, provides that DMV may establish an emergency contact program to allow
customers to give DMV the name of an emergency contact person and related emergency contact
information, which the customer may update or delete electronically at any time, to be kept in the
customer’s DMV record and made available to law-enforcement officers in emergency situations.
HB 1603. Special identification cards. The law allows parents or guardians when the applicant is a
minor to request special identification cards issued by DMV to indicate that the applicant (i) is an
insulin-dependent diabetic, (ii) is hearing or speech impaired, or (iii) has an intellectual disability, as
defined in § 37.2-100, or autism spectrum disorder, as defined in § 38.2-3418.17. Current law allows
only the applicant to request a special identification card.
9. June 2015 Page 9
Virginia Division of Legislative Services
SB 781. Passing with a double yellow line. The law allows drivers to cross double yellow lines or a
solid yellow line immediately adjacent to a broken yellow line in order to pass a pedestrian or a device
moved by human power, if such movement can be made safely.
Pet Sales
SB 1001. Sale and procurement of certain pets. The law prohibits the sale or display of a dog or cat
on or in a roadside, parking lot, flea market, or similar place, with certain exceptions. The law limits the
sources of pet shop dogs to humane societies, public or private animal shelters, and those that meet
certain qualifications, establishes a recordkeeping requirement for pet shops selling dogs, and applies the
existing misdemeanor penalty for a violation of the law to each dog sold or offered for sale.
Science and Technology
HB 1562/SB 814. Electronic identity management; standards; liability. The law creates the Identity
Management Standards Advisory Council to advise the Secretaries of Technology and Transportation on
the adoption of technical and data standards regarding the verification and authentication of identity in
digital and online transactions. The law codifies the concept of an identity trust framework operator, an
entity that establishes rules and policies for identity providers operating within the framework and issues
electronic trustmarks to such providers signifying compliance with the rules and policies of that trust
framework. The law also establishes limitation on liability for providers that adhere to the adopted
standards, the applicable contract terms, and the rules and policies of the identity trust framework
provider, absent gross negligence or willful misconduct.
SB 1121. IT responsibility of agency directors. The law provides that the director of every department
in the executive branch of state government shall be responsible for securing the electronic data held by
his department and shall comply with the requirements of the Commonwealth’s information technology
security and risk management program as developed by the Chief Information Officer.
Social Services
HB 1570/SB 1168. Family day homes and child day centers; licensure; background checks;
reporting; notice. The law requires fingerprint-based national criminal history records checks for
licensed child day centers and family day homes and requires employees and volunteers to notify the
provider if they are convicted of a barrier crime or subject to a founded complaint of child abuse or
neglect. The law adds the offenses that require registration in the Sex Offender and Crimes Against
Minors Registry to the list of barrier crimes specific to family day homes, lowers from five to four the
maximum number of children for whom a family day home may provide care without a license
(exclusive of the provider’s children and any children who reside in the home), and requires unlicensed
and unregistered family day homes to notify parents that they are not regulated by the Department of
Social Services. The law contains certain reporting requirements and requires the Department of Social
Services to make information available to child day centers and family day homes regarding new
licensure mandates. The provisions of the law that require licensure of family day homes providing care
for five or more children will take effect on July 1, 2016. The provisions of the law that require
fingerprint-based national criminal history records checks will take effect on July 1, 2017.
HB 1602. Proration of child support. The law clarifies that the Department of Social Services, in
allocating child support payments received pursuant to one or more judicial or administrative orders,
shall prorate payments on the basis of amounts due for current support and, upon satisfaction of all
amounts due for current support, prorate the remainder on the basis of amounts due for accrued
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arrearages. The law directs the Department to allocate payments received pursuant to federal tax refund
offset pursuant to subsection h of 45 C.F.R. § 303.72.
HB 1821/SB 834. Post-adoption services. The law requires the State Registrar of Vital Records, when
issuing a new certificate of birth pursuant to an adoption, to provide adoptive parents with a document
listing all post-adoption services available to adoptive families. The law requires the Department of
Social Services to furnish this document to the State Registrar of Vital Records, update the document
annually, and make the document available on the Department’s website.
SB 846. Recipients of public assistance; access to financial literacy courses. The law directs the
Department of Social Services, in consultation with the Virginia Employment Commission and Virginia
Community College System, to develop and implement a plan under which citizens receiving public
assistance will be provided information on free financial literacy courses.
SB 1268. Adoption; child in custody of prospective adoptive parent(s) for five years or more. The
law allows the juvenile and domestic relations district court to accept consent to a parental placement
adoption without a home study and certain meeting and counseling requirements if the child has been in
the continuous legal and physical custody of the prospective adoptive parent(s) for five or more years.
Special License Plates
HB 1319. Special license plates; cure childhood cancer. The law, which became effective on March
26, 2015, and may be known as “The Mathias Bill,” authorizes the issuance of special license plates for
supporters of curing childhood cancer bearing the legend CURE CHILDHOOD CANCER.
SB 839. Special license plates; Newport News Shipbuilding. The law authorizes the issuance of
special license plates for supporters of Newport News Shipbuilding bearing the legend NEWPORT
NEWS SHIPBUILDING.
SB 979. Special license plates; recipients of Legion of Merit Medal. The law authorizes the issuance
of special license plates for recipients of the Legion of Merit Medal.
Taxation
HB 1286/SB 701. Individual income tax refunds; payment. The law requires the Tax Commissioner
and State Comptroller to implement procedures to allow an individual to elect to have his income tax
refund paid by check mailed to his address. The law applies to individual income tax returns relating to
taxable year 2015 and taxable years thereafter.
HB 1721. Real property tax exemption; surviving spouses of members of armed forces killed in
action. The law exempts from taxation the dwelling of the principal residence of a surviving spouse of a
member of the armed forces of the United States killed in action. If the value of the dwelling is in excess
of the average assessed value of dwellings in the locality situated on property zoned as single family
residential, then the portion of the value in excess of such average assessed value shall be subject to
taxation. Pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 6-A of Article X of the Constitution of Virginia, which
was adopted by the voters in 2014, the General Assembly previously enacted legislation exempting from
taxation the principal residence of such surviving spouse only if the assessed value of the residence was
not in excess of the averaged assessed value. The law exempts the portion of the residence below the
average assessed value, regardless of the full assessed value of the dwelling.
HB 2306/SB 1404. Achieving a Better Life Experience (ABLE) savings trust accounts established;
administered by the Virginia College Savings Plan. The law establishes ABLE savings trust accounts
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to be administered by the Virginia College Savings Plan to facilitate the saving of private funds for
paying the qualified disability expenses of certain disabled individuals. Under the federal Achieving a
Better Life Experience Act of 2014, Congress authorized states to establish ABLE savings trust accounts
to assist individuals and families in saving and paying for the education, housing, transportation,
employment training and support, assistive technology and personal support services, health, prevention
and wellness, financial management and administrative services, and other expenses of individuals who
were disabled or blind prior to the age of 26. Earnings on contributions to ABLE savings trust accounts
are exempt from federal income tax. Because Virginia conforms to the federal income tax laws, earnings
on contributions to ABLE savings trust accounts will also be excluded from Virginia taxable income.
Tobacco Products
HB 2036/SB 1325. Purchase of tobacco products, etc., by minors; liquid nicotine packaging;
penalty. The law provides that no person shall sell or distribute at retail a liquid nicotine container on or
after October 1, 2015, unless the container is packaged in child-resistant packaging. The law allows
existing inventory to be sold until January 1, 2016. Any person who violates the child-resistant
packaging requirements is guilty of a Class 4 misdemeanor. The law also provides that any adult may
sign for tobacco products, nicotine vapor products, or alternative nicotine products purchased through
mail order or the Internet. Current law requires the signature of the purchaser.
Transportation
HB 1662/SB 1025. Transportation network companies. The law establishes a process for the
licensing of transportation network companies (TNCs) by the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV),
provided that TNCs comply with the requirements for licensure. The law requires TNCs to screen
drivers (TNC partners), ensure that all drivers are at least 21 years old and properly licensed to drive,
and conduct background checks on all drivers including a national criminal background check, a driving
history report, and status on the state and national sex offender registries.
The law also requires that TNC partner vehicles be titled and registered personal vehicles; be insured;
have a maximum seating capacity of no more than seven persons, excluding the driver; be registered
with DMV for TNC use; and display TNC and DMV identification markers. The law further requires
that TNC drivers be covered by a specific liability insurance policy and specifies the nature and limits of
the insurance coverage. The law also imposes several other operational requirements, including
requirements that the TNC provide a credential to the driver and disclose information about the TNC
partner and TNC policies to passengers.
The law authorizes DMV to conduct periodic reviews of TNCs to confirm compliance and authorizes
fees to cover DMV’s costs of administering the program, an initial TNC license fee of $100,000, and an
annual license renewal fee of $60,000. The law requires DMV to review this fee structure and report its
findings by December 1, 2016.
HB 1887. Transportation funding; formula, reporting, and allocations. The law removes the
Executive Director of the Virginia Port Authority from the Commonwealth Transportation Board (CTB)
and makes the members of the CTB subject to removal by the Governor for malfeasance, misfeasance,
incompetence, misconduct, neglect of duty, absenteeism, conflicts of interest, failure to carry out the
policies of the Commonwealth, or refusal to carry out a lawful directive of the Governor. Both
provisions will become effective July 1, 2016.