The document discusses social innovation and changing models of scientific innovation. It notes that in African sign language, the sign for the future points backward, indicating the future is understood through the past. It also discusses tensions between democratization and privatization and mentions citizen scientists, knowledge systems in Africa, and representations of innovation and knowledge. Key themes are social innovation, viewing the future as combining old and new, harnessing people as infrastructure, constraints spurring innovation, and changing practices and models in science through open science and networks.