The document discusses Agile methodology, an iterative approach to software development that emphasizes continuous improvement and adaptation to change over rigidly following a plan. It outlines the core principles and processes of Agile development, including short sprints, daily stand-up meetings, prioritizing tasks based on product owner feedback, and evaluating progress at the end of each sprint through demonstrations and retrospectives. The document argues that Agile is better suited than traditional waterfall models for software projects where requirements are uncertain and likely to change during development.