Beer has a long history dating back over 6000 years to ancient China and Mesopotamia. Brewing was originally discovered accidentally but was later mastered by medieval European monks. Beer is made by brewing and fermenting malted barley and other grains like wheat or rye with hops and yeast. The key ingredients are water, malted barley for carbohydrates, hops for flavoring and stability, and yeast for fermentation. The manufacturing process involves steeping, kilning, milling, mashing, lautering, brewing, fermentation, carbonation and packaging. There are two main types, ales which use top-fermenting yeast and are ready quicker,