The document discusses the role of community health nurses in managing pandemics. It outlines that community health nurses play important roles in early identification of infections, recognizing patterns of disease spread, and implementing public health responses and policies. The document also describes how community health nurses can help maintain existing healthcare services, protect healthcare workers, educate communities to prevent spread, and shield vulnerable groups during a pandemic.
ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION HEALTH EDUCATION VITAL STATISTICSNehaNupur8
Sanitation means hygiene. Keeping the environmental clean and adopting hygienic practice can prevent us from many disease that occur due to unhygienic practices and environment.
A clean environment, open defecation free areas, personal hygiene practices, proper solid and liquid waste management, safe drinking water determines the health of individual as well as the community.
This document defines key concepts in epidemiology. It begins by defining epidemiology as the study of disease distribution and determinants among populations. It then discusses the aims of epidemiology according to the International Epidemiological Association. This includes describing disease distribution and magnitude, identifying risk factors, and providing data to plan, implement, and evaluate disease prevention and control services. The document also covers the scope, uses, and terminologies of epidemiology such as infection, contamination, endemic, epidemic, and pandemic.
we communicate when we talk and also when we don't talk. the sharing of ideas, thoughts, perceptions, belief between two individuals (client and nurse) which will help nurse to provide effective care and treatment to the client.
Unit -I : Community Health IntroductionSMVDCoN ,J&K
Special field of nursing that combines the skill of nursing, public health and same phase of social assistance and function as part of the total public health program for the promotion of health, the improvement of the condition in the social & physical environment, rehabilitation of illness & Disability.
Small family norm - Community Health Nursingshamil C.B
Small families have significant benefits for individuals, families, communities, and countries. A small family norm implies limiting family size, which positively impacts quality of life, economic standards, health outcomes, education levels, and use of resources. Large or unplanned families can negatively affect these areas for both parents and children due to issues like early marriage, too frequent pregnancies, and lack of attention and resources per child. Efforts are being made to promote the small family norm through family planning services, raising female literacy, and improving overall social and economic conditions.
meaning of small family norms: Small family norm connotes control over the number of children.
The rate of reproduction and the level of acceptance of family control methods are to a large extent influenced by what people consider as the ideal family size.
Adoption of small family norms is today not only desirable but It has become difficult to survive with a large family particularly because of rising cost of living, growing needs and necessities.
It is a fact that a small family is a happy family.
Lesser number of children is a boon not only to their parents but also to the country.
They have better chances of food, clothing and education.
almost a necessity
nature of small family norms
benefits of small family norms
barriers of small family norms
ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION HEALTH EDUCATION VITAL STATISTICSNehaNupur8
Sanitation means hygiene. Keeping the environmental clean and adopting hygienic practice can prevent us from many disease that occur due to unhygienic practices and environment.
A clean environment, open defecation free areas, personal hygiene practices, proper solid and liquid waste management, safe drinking water determines the health of individual as well as the community.
This document defines key concepts in epidemiology. It begins by defining epidemiology as the study of disease distribution and determinants among populations. It then discusses the aims of epidemiology according to the International Epidemiological Association. This includes describing disease distribution and magnitude, identifying risk factors, and providing data to plan, implement, and evaluate disease prevention and control services. The document also covers the scope, uses, and terminologies of epidemiology such as infection, contamination, endemic, epidemic, and pandemic.
we communicate when we talk and also when we don't talk. the sharing of ideas, thoughts, perceptions, belief between two individuals (client and nurse) which will help nurse to provide effective care and treatment to the client.
Unit -I : Community Health IntroductionSMVDCoN ,J&K
Special field of nursing that combines the skill of nursing, public health and same phase of social assistance and function as part of the total public health program for the promotion of health, the improvement of the condition in the social & physical environment, rehabilitation of illness & Disability.
Small family norm - Community Health Nursingshamil C.B
Small families have significant benefits for individuals, families, communities, and countries. A small family norm implies limiting family size, which positively impacts quality of life, economic standards, health outcomes, education levels, and use of resources. Large or unplanned families can negatively affect these areas for both parents and children due to issues like early marriage, too frequent pregnancies, and lack of attention and resources per child. Efforts are being made to promote the small family norm through family planning services, raising female literacy, and improving overall social and economic conditions.
meaning of small family norms: Small family norm connotes control over the number of children.
The rate of reproduction and the level of acceptance of family control methods are to a large extent influenced by what people consider as the ideal family size.
Adoption of small family norms is today not only desirable but It has become difficult to survive with a large family particularly because of rising cost of living, growing needs and necessities.
It is a fact that a small family is a happy family.
Lesser number of children is a boon not only to their parents but also to the country.
They have better chances of food, clothing and education.
almost a necessity
nature of small family norms
benefits of small family norms
barriers of small family norms
This document discusses health promotion and maintaining health. It defines health promotion as helping people change their lifestyles to achieve optimal health. The goals of health promotion are to create environments where people can access needed services and equip people with skills to determine their own health needs. Key strategies discussed include proper health systems, safe environments, public participation, information/education, research, and lifestyle programs. Specific interventions mentioned are health education, environmental modifications, nutrition interventions, and lifestyle/behavioral changes.
The document outlines the scope of community health nursing, which includes home care, nursing care, maternal and child health/family planning, school health nursing, community health nursing, industrial health nursing, domiciliary nursing services, mental health nursing, rehabilitation services, and geriatric health nursing. It provides brief descriptions of the nursing services provided under each area, such as home visits for assessment, treatment, and health education; care in nursing homes and during antenatal, perinatal, and postnatal periods; services in schools like immunizations and health screenings; and care of overall community health through primary health centers and clinics.
This document discusses human relations in the context of nursing. It begins with an introduction that notes the importance of human relation skills in globalization to work with diverse groups. It then defines human relations as the skills nurses need to understand human behavior through handling communication and relations. The objectives of human relations in nursing education are outlined as strengthening human assets through training, establishing organizational structure and work relationships, providing leadership and opportunities for expression. Finally, the strategies for good human relations in nursing are described as being a role model through gracious speaking, smiling, calling people by name, being interested in others and giving praise and credit.
Health education in community health nursingraiguru
This document discusses health education, including its aims, principles, scope, methods, and definitions. The key points are:
- Health education aims to encourage healthy lifestyles and behaviors by providing knowledge and experiences to influence habits, attitudes, and understanding of individual and community health.
- Its goals include ensuring health is valued, equipping people to solve health problems through their own actions, and promoting proper use of health services.
- Principles of effective health education include credibility, interest, participation, motivation, comprehension, reinforcement, learning by doing, progression from known to unknown, leading by example, good relationships, and feedback.
- Methods can be individual like counseling, or group-based like lectures
Family health services aim to promote the health and well-being of the family unit. The family is considered the basic building block of any healthcare system. Family health nurses provide comprehensive care through services related to reproductive health, child health, adolescent health, mental health, gender issues, and aging. The goals of individual, family, and community health can be achieved through family health services, which follow a nursing process of assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation to address family health needs and problems. An effective family health nurse has qualities like being family-centered, holistic, non-judgmental, and able to work flexibly with diverse families.
In this slide it help you to understand environmental sanitation and housing.
It blows you to improve your knowledge regarding environmental sanitation.
The community health nurse performs various roles and functions within the community setting. These include serving as a care provider by delivering continuous comprehensive care with an emphasis on prevention. The nurse also acts as a health educator by teaching individuals and groups about health promotion, illness prevention, and care. Additional roles include counselor, resource person, sensitive observer, advisor, planner, care manager, and medical assistant by coordinating with physicians. Key qualities for a community health nurse are interest in community health, strong interpersonal skills, sensitivity, communication abilities, and qualities like initiative, patience and resourcefulness.
Beliefs about mental illness have been characterized by superstition, ignorance and fear. Although time and advances in scientific understanding of mental illness have dispelled many false ideas, there remain a number of popular misconceptions.
The document summarizes the aims, priorities, and key developments of India's national health policies across 10 Five-Year Plans from 1950 to 2017. The Plans focused on establishing primary health centers and rural health services, controlling communicable diseases, family planning, immunization programs, and improving maternal and child health. Over time, priorities shifted to expanding access to healthcare, integrating health services, increasing quality of care, and reducing infant and maternal mortality rates. The most recent Plans also emphasize improving health infrastructure, reducing malnutrition, and establishing e-health services.
The document discusses current trends in pediatric nursing, including: 1) Family centered care which involves enabling and empowering families in health care decisions. 2) High technology care which uses advanced diagnostic technology. 3) Evidence based practice where nurses make decisions based on the best available evidence. 4) Primary nursing which provides 24-hour accountability by one nurse for a small group of patients. 5) Case management which is used in outpatient settings to assign a case manager to patients or groups of patients.
Epidemiological methods are used to study the distribution and determinants of health-related events in populations. There are two main approaches: observational studies and experimental studies. Observational studies include descriptive and analytical methods. Descriptive methods involve measuring disease occurrence without interference to understand time, place, and person distributions. Analytical methods include case-control and cohort studies to test hypotheses about associations between suspected causes and diseases.
Concept and scope of Community health nursingKailash Nagar
This document discusses different concepts of community health and the role of the community health nurse. It outlines four concepts of health: biomedical, ecological, psychosocial, and holistic. The biomedical concept defines health as the absence of disease, while the ecological concept sees health as a dynamic equilibrium between humans and their environment. The psychosocial concept recognizes that health is influenced by social, psychological, cultural, economic, and political factors. Overall, the document provides an overview of how community health and the work of community health nurses incorporates biological, environmental, social, and psychological understandings of health.
The document describes the bag technique used by community nurses. The bag contains supplies and equipment needed to perform procedures during home visits, such as taking temperatures, urine analysis, and antenatal assessments. It includes items like cotton swabs, bandages, forceps, scissors, solutions, medications, and diagnostic tools. The nurse follows principles like prevention of contamination, protection of caregiver, and making articles readily accessible. The procedure involves washing hands, selecting an area, performing the required procedure, cleaning used items, and documenting observations. The nurse is responsible for ensuring the bag and contents are clean, well-protected, and contain all necessary articles to perform procedures during home visits.
The document outlines the role of the community health nurse in school health services. It discusses that the community health nurse plays a key role in promoting health, diagnosing and treating illnesses, preventing complications, and rehabilitating students. Specifically, the community health nurse is responsible for health promotion activities like immunizations and health education, early diagnosis and treatment of students, follow-up care, and prevention of recurrence of illnesses and their complications. The community health nurse also maintains health records and guides other health workers.
IMNCI (Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness)Alam Nuzhathalam
An overview of IMNCI (Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness). IMNCI - Introduction, Objectives, Components, Principles, Case Management Process - Assess, classify, identify and treat the sick child age up to 2 months and 2 months up to 5 years, F-IMNCI and C-IMNCI.
A home visit is one of the essential parts of the community health services because most of the people are found in a home.
Home visit fulfils the needs of individual, family and community in general for nursing service and health counseling.
This document provides an overview of community health nursing. It defines key terms like community, health, and nursing. It describes the causes of poor health and the three types of communities. It explains that community health nursing combines nursing, public health, and social work to promote health, prevent disease, and rehabilitate illness within a defined community. The aims, objectives, principles, functions, and roles of community health nursing are outlined. These include health promotion, disease prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, evaluation, and research at the individual, family, and population levels.
The document discusses several changes that have impacted psychiatric nursing in India, including demographic changes like more nuclear families and an aging population, as well as social, economic, technological, and mental health care changes. It also outlines the development of educational programs for psychiatric nurses at the diploma, master's, M.Phil, and doctorate levels. The document emphasizes the importance of standards of care, ethics codes, legal aspects, research, cost-effective care, and focusing care on specific groups.
Intensive Healthcare Facilities and Rooms Capstone.pdfbkbk37
This document discusses the importance of pandemic preparedness in intensive healthcare facilities. It outlines that most acute healthcare settings currently have inadequate guidelines, poor staff training, lack of disaster preparedness plans, and insufficient equipment. The document emphasizes that pandemic preparedness is crucial to ensure healthcare systems can continue operating during a pandemic and minimize its economic and social impacts. It also stresses the need for collaboration across public and private sectors to strengthen infrastructure and policies to effectively fight pandemics.
Intensive Healthcare Facilities and Rooms.pdfbkbk37
1) Pandemic preparedness in healthcare facilities is important to minimize the impact and spread of pandemics.
2) Current healthcare facilities are often underprepared with inadequate equipment, supplies, and training to effectively respond to pandemics.
3) Developing comprehensive pandemic preparedness policies and strategies can help healthcare workers obtain necessary resources to fight pandemics and save lives.
This document discusses health promotion and maintaining health. It defines health promotion as helping people change their lifestyles to achieve optimal health. The goals of health promotion are to create environments where people can access needed services and equip people with skills to determine their own health needs. Key strategies discussed include proper health systems, safe environments, public participation, information/education, research, and lifestyle programs. Specific interventions mentioned are health education, environmental modifications, nutrition interventions, and lifestyle/behavioral changes.
The document outlines the scope of community health nursing, which includes home care, nursing care, maternal and child health/family planning, school health nursing, community health nursing, industrial health nursing, domiciliary nursing services, mental health nursing, rehabilitation services, and geriatric health nursing. It provides brief descriptions of the nursing services provided under each area, such as home visits for assessment, treatment, and health education; care in nursing homes and during antenatal, perinatal, and postnatal periods; services in schools like immunizations and health screenings; and care of overall community health through primary health centers and clinics.
This document discusses human relations in the context of nursing. It begins with an introduction that notes the importance of human relation skills in globalization to work with diverse groups. It then defines human relations as the skills nurses need to understand human behavior through handling communication and relations. The objectives of human relations in nursing education are outlined as strengthening human assets through training, establishing organizational structure and work relationships, providing leadership and opportunities for expression. Finally, the strategies for good human relations in nursing are described as being a role model through gracious speaking, smiling, calling people by name, being interested in others and giving praise and credit.
Health education in community health nursingraiguru
This document discusses health education, including its aims, principles, scope, methods, and definitions. The key points are:
- Health education aims to encourage healthy lifestyles and behaviors by providing knowledge and experiences to influence habits, attitudes, and understanding of individual and community health.
- Its goals include ensuring health is valued, equipping people to solve health problems through their own actions, and promoting proper use of health services.
- Principles of effective health education include credibility, interest, participation, motivation, comprehension, reinforcement, learning by doing, progression from known to unknown, leading by example, good relationships, and feedback.
- Methods can be individual like counseling, or group-based like lectures
Family health services aim to promote the health and well-being of the family unit. The family is considered the basic building block of any healthcare system. Family health nurses provide comprehensive care through services related to reproductive health, child health, adolescent health, mental health, gender issues, and aging. The goals of individual, family, and community health can be achieved through family health services, which follow a nursing process of assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation to address family health needs and problems. An effective family health nurse has qualities like being family-centered, holistic, non-judgmental, and able to work flexibly with diverse families.
In this slide it help you to understand environmental sanitation and housing.
It blows you to improve your knowledge regarding environmental sanitation.
The community health nurse performs various roles and functions within the community setting. These include serving as a care provider by delivering continuous comprehensive care with an emphasis on prevention. The nurse also acts as a health educator by teaching individuals and groups about health promotion, illness prevention, and care. Additional roles include counselor, resource person, sensitive observer, advisor, planner, care manager, and medical assistant by coordinating with physicians. Key qualities for a community health nurse are interest in community health, strong interpersonal skills, sensitivity, communication abilities, and qualities like initiative, patience and resourcefulness.
Beliefs about mental illness have been characterized by superstition, ignorance and fear. Although time and advances in scientific understanding of mental illness have dispelled many false ideas, there remain a number of popular misconceptions.
The document summarizes the aims, priorities, and key developments of India's national health policies across 10 Five-Year Plans from 1950 to 2017. The Plans focused on establishing primary health centers and rural health services, controlling communicable diseases, family planning, immunization programs, and improving maternal and child health. Over time, priorities shifted to expanding access to healthcare, integrating health services, increasing quality of care, and reducing infant and maternal mortality rates. The most recent Plans also emphasize improving health infrastructure, reducing malnutrition, and establishing e-health services.
The document discusses current trends in pediatric nursing, including: 1) Family centered care which involves enabling and empowering families in health care decisions. 2) High technology care which uses advanced diagnostic technology. 3) Evidence based practice where nurses make decisions based on the best available evidence. 4) Primary nursing which provides 24-hour accountability by one nurse for a small group of patients. 5) Case management which is used in outpatient settings to assign a case manager to patients or groups of patients.
Epidemiological methods are used to study the distribution and determinants of health-related events in populations. There are two main approaches: observational studies and experimental studies. Observational studies include descriptive and analytical methods. Descriptive methods involve measuring disease occurrence without interference to understand time, place, and person distributions. Analytical methods include case-control and cohort studies to test hypotheses about associations between suspected causes and diseases.
Concept and scope of Community health nursingKailash Nagar
This document discusses different concepts of community health and the role of the community health nurse. It outlines four concepts of health: biomedical, ecological, psychosocial, and holistic. The biomedical concept defines health as the absence of disease, while the ecological concept sees health as a dynamic equilibrium between humans and their environment. The psychosocial concept recognizes that health is influenced by social, psychological, cultural, economic, and political factors. Overall, the document provides an overview of how community health and the work of community health nurses incorporates biological, environmental, social, and psychological understandings of health.
The document describes the bag technique used by community nurses. The bag contains supplies and equipment needed to perform procedures during home visits, such as taking temperatures, urine analysis, and antenatal assessments. It includes items like cotton swabs, bandages, forceps, scissors, solutions, medications, and diagnostic tools. The nurse follows principles like prevention of contamination, protection of caregiver, and making articles readily accessible. The procedure involves washing hands, selecting an area, performing the required procedure, cleaning used items, and documenting observations. The nurse is responsible for ensuring the bag and contents are clean, well-protected, and contain all necessary articles to perform procedures during home visits.
The document outlines the role of the community health nurse in school health services. It discusses that the community health nurse plays a key role in promoting health, diagnosing and treating illnesses, preventing complications, and rehabilitating students. Specifically, the community health nurse is responsible for health promotion activities like immunizations and health education, early diagnosis and treatment of students, follow-up care, and prevention of recurrence of illnesses and their complications. The community health nurse also maintains health records and guides other health workers.
IMNCI (Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness)Alam Nuzhathalam
An overview of IMNCI (Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness). IMNCI - Introduction, Objectives, Components, Principles, Case Management Process - Assess, classify, identify and treat the sick child age up to 2 months and 2 months up to 5 years, F-IMNCI and C-IMNCI.
A home visit is one of the essential parts of the community health services because most of the people are found in a home.
Home visit fulfils the needs of individual, family and community in general for nursing service and health counseling.
This document provides an overview of community health nursing. It defines key terms like community, health, and nursing. It describes the causes of poor health and the three types of communities. It explains that community health nursing combines nursing, public health, and social work to promote health, prevent disease, and rehabilitate illness within a defined community. The aims, objectives, principles, functions, and roles of community health nursing are outlined. These include health promotion, disease prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, evaluation, and research at the individual, family, and population levels.
The document discusses several changes that have impacted psychiatric nursing in India, including demographic changes like more nuclear families and an aging population, as well as social, economic, technological, and mental health care changes. It also outlines the development of educational programs for psychiatric nurses at the diploma, master's, M.Phil, and doctorate levels. The document emphasizes the importance of standards of care, ethics codes, legal aspects, research, cost-effective care, and focusing care on specific groups.
Intensive Healthcare Facilities and Rooms Capstone.pdfbkbk37
This document discusses the importance of pandemic preparedness in intensive healthcare facilities. It outlines that most acute healthcare settings currently have inadequate guidelines, poor staff training, lack of disaster preparedness plans, and insufficient equipment. The document emphasizes that pandemic preparedness is crucial to ensure healthcare systems can continue operating during a pandemic and minimize its economic and social impacts. It also stresses the need for collaboration across public and private sectors to strengthen infrastructure and policies to effectively fight pandemics.
Intensive Healthcare Facilities and Rooms.pdfbkbk37
1) Pandemic preparedness in healthcare facilities is important to minimize the impact and spread of pandemics.
2) Current healthcare facilities are often underprepared with inadequate equipment, supplies, and training to effectively respond to pandemics.
3) Developing comprehensive pandemic preparedness policies and strategies can help healthcare workers obtain necessary resources to fight pandemics and save lives.
Infection prevention and control (IPC) aims to prevent the spread of infections in healthcare facilities through various methods. IPC requires an understanding of how diseases spread and increasing patient susceptibility. Healthcare workers must be vaccinated, use proper hand hygiene like washing hands for 20 seconds, follow IPC guidelines, wear gloves and protective equipment, regularly disinfect surfaces, and receive IPC education and training. Developing an IPC policy and practicing antibiotic stewardship can also help control infections. When implemented together, these seven methods form a comprehensive IPC program.
N 599 Aspen University Wk 4 Intensive Healthcare Facilities and.pdfbkbk37
This document discusses pandemic preparedness in acute healthcare facilities. It describes how pandemics can overwhelm healthcare systems if facilities are not properly prepared. Key aspects of preparedness discussed include having adequate isolation capabilities and beds, sufficient staffing levels, and a strategy for quickly developing and distributing vaccines to healthcare workers. The document emphasizes that a multidisciplinary, coordinated effort between all stakeholders is needed for effective pandemic containment.
- Hand hygiene is considered an important infection control measure for preventing hospital-acquired infections. Nurses are required to learn and follow proper hand washing techniques as they spend the most time with patients.
- Guidelines have been set by the CDC for healthcare workers on when hand washing is necessary in a healthcare setting. Hand washing is important for controlling infection both in healthcare facilities and in everyday life.
- Not washing hands can lead to the spread of diseases like salmonellosis, hepatitis A, and E. coli. While hand washing takes extra time, it is a simple and effective way to prevent cross-contamination and reduce infection rates.
Infectious Diseases of Public Health Importance and the Benefits of Vaccinati...Stephen Olubulyera
Review of infectious diseases of public health important and the benefits of vaccinating medical & health practitioners and the subordinate staffs against the disease at a hospital setting
How To Prepare for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Pandemic.pdfauroraaudrey4826
The emergence of infectious diseases and the threat they pose to global health have garnered
significant attention in recent years. The world has witnessed the devastating impact of outbreaks such
as Ebola, Zika, and, most notably, the COVID-19 pandemic. As our interconnected world continues to
evolve, understanding emerging infectious diseases and implementing effective pandemic preparedness
strategies becomes paramount. In this article, we will explore the nature of emerging infectious
diseases, examine the factors contributing to their rise, delve into the importance of proactive pandemic
preparedness measures, and discuss the lessons learned from past outbreaks to safeguard global health.
How To Prepare for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Pandemic.pdfbellabrookly2022
The emergence of infectious diseases and the threat they pose to global health have garnered significant attention in recent years. The world has witnessed the devastating impact of outbreaks such as Ebola, Zika, and, most notably, the COVID-19 pandemic. As our interconnected world continues to evolve, understanding emerging infectious diseases and implementing effective pandemic preparedness strategies becomes paramount. In this article, we will explore the nature of emerging infectious diseases, examine the factors contributing to their rise, delve into the importance of proactive pandemic preparedness measures, and discuss the lessons learned from past outbreaks to safeguard global health.
The document discusses the expanding role of nurses in community care. With more care moving out of hospitals, nurses need to be prepared to provide care in communities. This includes working in settings like community health centers, schools, occupational health, and as parish nurses. The document outlines the various roles nurses may have in these community-based settings and provides examples of activities like health education, screening, and treatment of common illnesses.
Nosocomial infections refers to infections acquired during hospitalization, with symptoms usually occurring within forty–eight hours after admission, and can originate from bacterial flora present in patients, microorganisms from the environment transmitted via carriers, contaminated objects and surfaces, medical personnel, or invasive procedures. Despite their impact, surveillance systems and prevention programs for nosocomial infections are quite dishomogeneous and often lacking, due to chronic lack of funding for prevention and lack of awareness among healthcare workers.
unit-iv application of epidemiology in health care delivery system (1).pptxanjalatchi
The document discusses the application of epidemiology in healthcare delivery systems. It begins with introducing epidemiology and defining key terms like health, care, and delivery systems. It then outlines the fundamental principles of prevention and defines different levels of prevention including primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. The document emphasizes the importance of epidemiological knowledge and methods for community health nurses. It explains how epidemiology provides a framework for assessing needs, planning interventions, and evaluating programs. Overall, the document highlights the significant role of epidemiology and prevention in public health and the healthcare system.
Pandemic Readiness in The Acute Health Care Setting.pdfbkbk37
This document outlines a proposed capstone project on pandemic readiness in acute health care settings. The project aims to investigate levels of pandemic preparedness through examining personal protective equipment conservation, testing site availability and education protocols. A cohort study design will assess pandemic management plans at local hospitals through questionnaires. The project seeks to identify gaps in policies and planning to inform improvements for responding to future pandemics.
The document discusses guidelines for estimating resource needs and setting up a communicable disease control program for displaced populations. It recommends establishing treatment centers, estimating drug and supply needs, training staff, conducting surveillance and prevention activities like ensuring safe water and hygiene, and evaluating the program through monitoring key indicators.
This document describes a study conducted at a neurorehabilitation hospital to decrease hospital-acquired infections through improved hand hygiene. The study educated both healthcare staff and patients on proper hand hygiene. Patients were taught to wash their hands at four key times during the day and were empowered to ask staff and visitors if they had washed their hands. This led to patients acting as "watchdogs" to help enforce hand hygiene compliance. Through educating both patients and staff, the study aimed to decrease infections by cutting transmission routes and forming lifelong healthy habits. Preliminary results showed no negative effects, and the low-cost interventions could have significant benefits for patient health outcomes and healthcare costs.
The document discusses preventive dentistry and dental public health. It defines dental public health as using organized community efforts to prevent and control dental diseases and promote dental health. The goals of preventive dentistry are to prevent factors that cause oral diseases, the diseases themselves, worsening of diseases, complications, and disability from diseases. Risk assessment is important to identify individuals at high risk for diseases like caries so preventive measures can be targeted effectively. Prevention occurs at three levels - primary (before disease starts), secondary (early diagnosis and treatment), and tertiary (limiting disability and rehabilitation).
The document discusses epidemiology and its applications. It defines epidemiology and describes its purposes such as preventing and controlling health problems. It outlines epidemiological methods like observational and experimental studies. Descriptive epidemiology aims to study disease frequency and distribution while analytical epidemiology tests hypotheses. The roles of nurses in applying epidemiological concepts to assess community health needs and evaluate prevention programs are also highlighted.
One Health: An Indonesian Perspective - DGLAHS-FAO, Bumi Serpong Damai (BSD),...Tata Naipospos
One Health is an integrative approach that recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health. It promotes increased collaboration between sectors to better prevent, detect, and respond to emerging diseases at the human-animal interface. The document discusses Indonesia's experience with highly pathogenic avian influenza and the importance of a One Health approach for addressing complex disease challenges through cross-disciplinary partnerships, surveillance, and prevention efforts.
The document provides information on primary health care (PHC), including its definition, important terms, historical development, principles, components, approaches, characteristics, essential elements, obstacles to implementation, and the nursing process as applied to community health. Some key points:
- PHC is based on practical, scientifically sound methods that are universally accessible and affordable.
- Its goal is to provide the highest level of health for all people.
- Principles include equity, intersectoral collaboration, community involvement, and decentralization.
- Approaches include selective PHC focusing on a few diseases and comprehensive PHC addressing all health elements.
- The nursing process—assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and
Hospital acquired infections are a major problem, accounting for $10 billion in healthcare costs annually in the US. Proper hand hygiene is one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of infections like MRSA and other pathogens in healthcare settings. However, handwashing compliance among healthcare workers is low. The introduction of alcohol-based hand rubs has significantly increased hand hygiene frequency and compliance compared to handwashing with soap and water alone due to being faster, more convenient and better tolerated on skin. Increased hand hygiene is critical for reducing healthcare associated infections and improving patient outcomes.
Similar to Role of community health nursing in pandemics (20)
CBR OR COMMUNITY BASED REHABILITATION and its relevance in nursingNisha Yadav
This document discusses community-based rehabilitation (CBR), including its definition, objectives, principles, nature, and components. It describes the roles of various sectors like health, education, employment, and media in supporting CBR. It outlines the advantages of CBR and roles of community health nurses in areas like awareness, early detection, rehabilitation programs, and modifying attitudes. CBR aims to improve participation and inclusion of persons with disabilities through a multidimensional approach with positive impacts on individuals and communities.
Factors affecting hospital expenditure and role of nurse.pptxNisha Yadav
Microteaching on factors affecting health expenditure and the role of nurses in fiscal planning of nursing expenditure. The document discusses health expenditure, determinants of health expenditure including income, technology, and population. It also discusses hospital expenditure and factors affecting it such as economic events, new technologies, labor shortages, and inflation. The importance of fiscal planning for objectives, policies, and utilization of resources is explained. Finally, the role of nurses in the fiscal planning process is described, including participating in budget preparation, monitoring costs, and justifying resource allocation for quality patient care.
This document provides an outline and summary of a seminar on group dynamics presented by Nisha Yadav. The summary includes definitions of key concepts like individualization, group, and group dynamics. It discusses aspects of individualization, characteristics of groups, classifications of groups, components of groups, stages of group development, task roles in groups, and the role of nurses in group dynamics. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of teamwork, communication, and managing conflicts for providing quality patient care.
The document provides an overview of artificial intelligence in healthcare. It discusses the history of AI, the stages of AI from narrow to general to super intelligence. It then discusses the need for and applications of AI in healthcare, including predicting health trajectories, recommending treatments, guiding surgical care, monitoring patients, and automating tasks. The document also discusses challenges in the Indian healthcare system and how AI can help address issues like shortages and access to care.
The document summarizes a seminar presentation on India's Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP). It provides an introduction to tuberculosis, the burden of TB in India, and a brief history of TB control efforts. It then describes the key aspects of RNTCP Phase I and Phase II, including the DOTS strategy of ensuring quality microscopy, adequate drug supply, directly observed treatment, and accountability. Advanced diagnostic techniques introduced in RNTCP Phase II like GeneXpert were also mentioned. The document highlights India's strategy of passive case detection and the laboratory network established under RNTCP.
Breastfeeding problems are common among new mothers and can challenge both mothers and infants. Common problems include breast engorgement, sore or painful nipples, plugged ducts, mastitis, and an overactive milk ejection reflex. Effective management involves frequent breastfeeding or milk expression to drain breasts fully and prevent blockages, applying warm compresses or cold packs to relieve pain and swelling, and seeing a doctor if issues like infection or bloody discharge persist. With early detection and treatment, most breastfeeding problems can be easily managed.
The document defines malaria as a disease caused by a plasmodium parasite transmitted through mosquito bites, characterized by fever, chills, and nausea. It is caused by a single-celled parasite and diagnosed via blood smear examination. Prevention and control measures include early diagnosis and treatment, vector control strategies like anti-adult and anti-larval measures such as residual spraying and larvicides, and integrated control efforts.
The document provides guidelines for safely moving, lifting, and transferring patients. It defines these terms and outlines key principles like maintaining a wide base of support and low center of gravity. Steps are described for various procedures like moving a patient within bed, turning them, and transferring to a stretcher or chair. Assessing the patient, preparing equipment, and having enough helpers are emphasized. Body mechanics are important to prevent injury to both the patient and caregiver.
The document provides an overview of India's health care delivery system, describing its organization at national, state, district, block and village levels. It explains the key components at each level, including the national Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, state health departments, and primary care facilities like sub-centers, PHCs and CHCs. The document also outlines the functions and manpower of these primary care facilities, and discusses national health policies, programs and the concept of universal health coverage in India.
Jean Watson developed the Theory of Human Caring, which focuses on caring as central to nursing. The theory has major concepts of human health, environment/society, and nursing. Its major elements are carative factors, transpersonal caring relationships, and caring occasions. Watson's theory views caring as healthogenic and can be demonstrated through interpersonal relationships. It promotes health and growth while accepting people for who they are and who they may become.
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The document discusses adult education and distance education. It defines adult education as teaching and educating adults, and notes key principles like adults being self-directed, goal-oriented learners who draw on life experiences. Distance education is defined as formal education where learning and teaching occur in different places, using technology. The document outlines various types of distance learning and examines its need in nursing education by providing opportunities for continued learning.
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The document defines a seminar as an instructional technique involving a guided group discussion on a presented theme. It lists the objectives of seminars as developing cognitive and affective abilities. It describes different types of seminars from mini to international levels. The roles of the seminar committee members, presenters, and participants are explained. The document outlines the steps in a seminar from pre-seminar planning to post-seminar evaluation. It notes that seminars aim to stimulate thinking while developing cooperation and openness to different views.
Simulation is a teaching technique that involves replicating real-life situations to help students learn. The document discusses simulation in detail, including its definition, purposes, types, principles, procedures, values and advantages/disadvantages. Key points covered include that simulation aims to provide students experiential learning in a safe environment, allows them to apply knowledge and receive feedback, and enhances critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Different types of simulation like role playing, socio-dramas and gaming are described. The overall process, including preparation, experience, sharing, processing and application stages are outlined.
This document discusses proper waste disposal methods. It defines waste and outlines various waste streams like solid waste, medical waste, and human excreta. It describes appropriate storage, collection, transportation, and disposal techniques like dumping, composting, incineration, and sanitary landfilling. Public education is important for effective waste management. Proper excreta disposal through latrines and sewage systems is also covered to prevent disease transmission and environmental pollution.
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Benefits:
Linga mudra generates excessive heat within the body and is very useful for dealing with colds.
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When navel center is shifted from its original place, comes back to its place by this mudra.
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT IN NURSING USING THE NURSING PROCESSpptx
Role of community health nursing in pandemics
1. SEMINAR ON ROLE OF
COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSE IN MANAGING
PANDEMICS
Presented by:
Nisha Yadav
M.Sc. Nursing 2nd year
NINE, PGIMER
Chandigarh
2. At the end of class, students will be able to:
Understand the background and introduction
to pandemic and nursing
Understand the important factors in a
successful response
Describe key issues in managing pandemics
Describe the role of community health nurse
in managing pandemics
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
3. Background
Introduction
Important factors in a successful response
Key issues in managing pandemics
Role of community health nurse
Role of CHN to maintain and surge existing
services
Role of CHN to shield the vulnerable
OUTLINE
4. Infectious diseases constitute the third leading
cause of death worldwide (WHO, 2017).
Emerging global pandemics pose high risks for
individuals and communities.
International mobility contributes to the
promulgation of new and reemerging pathogens that
frequently are resistant to current form of treatment
(Morens & Fauci, 2013).
BACKGROUND
5. Nurses, the largest sector of healthcare workers in
every country, play a pivotal role in preparation for a
possible pandemic.
According to World Health Organization (WHO), the
American Nurses Association (ANA) and other
healthcare organizations nurses’ role in a pandemic
begins even before a disease has an opportunity to
cause widespread devastation.
CONT..
6. When a pandemic occurs community health nurses
at the local, state and federal levels have multiple
roles in:
Assessment
Planning
Implementing
Evaluating needs and resources for the different
populations being served.
Community services play an important role in the
provision of palliative care during pandemics, such
as COVID-19.
INTRODUCTION
7. It is important for community health nurses to
practice confidentially when they have knowledge
about an individual, family, communicable disease
outbreak, community level problem or any special
knowledge obtained in community health work
setting.
CONT..
8. consistent and timely
communication
between policy
makers and
healthcare providers
workforce training
and flexibility
continued delivery of
equipment and
supplies
access to
necessary support
services, such as
diagnostic tests.
IMPORTANT FACTORS IN A SUCCESSFUL
RESPONSE INCLUDE
10. Delay in Early identification
A key issue is the time delay in the early identification
of infections that pose a threat to potential
epidemics/pandemics.
Unable to recognize pattern
A delay in such identification may lead to the
development of epidemics/pandemics and be an
impediment to the prompt initiation of treatment for
the infected individual, appropriate interventions and
protective devices, and efforts to curtail the spread of
the epidemic.
KEY ISSUES IN PANDEMICS
11. The World Health Organization Department of
Pandemic and Epidemic Diseases (PED) brochures
note that their work is implemented through a
multidisciplinary team that includes disease-specific
and public health experts with field experience
responding to outbreaks and emergencies under the
International Health Regulation, it is not clear how
nurse input is provided and communicated with the
team.
RESPONSES AND POLICY OPTIONS
12. RESULTS: Three interplaying themes were identified as follows:
(i) personal resources,
(ii) workplace resources and
(iii) situational influences.
The findings suggest that an effective epidemic outbreak
response would require further effort to reinforce the interplay
between individual nurses, healthcare institutions and the
governments.
13. Early identification
To mitigate the delay, it is essential that the health care
professional who is the initial point of contact with the infected
person, likely the Community health nurse in many global
settings, communicate with the appropriate provider or agency
to initiate the next steps including following:
ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE
Identification of the
pathogen
Initiation of
appropriate treatment
Prevention of further
dissemination
14. Recognition of pattern
Recognition of a pattern, alerting others as to the emerging
disease, and preventive services will aid in preventing further
diffusion of pathogens from isolated cases.
Community health nurse Play a vital role in recognition of
pattern of pandemic
15. Facilitate community participation in
preparedness as well as during
emergency
Assess the local resources and funding
agencies required
Takes part in mass awareness program
ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE IN
MANAGING PANDEMICS
16. Assures capacity to respond effectively
to pandemic or emergency
Minimizes vulnerability to effects of an
event
Restores system to functional level.
Education and Counseling to victims and
their family members
17. Responses and Policy Options
The World Health Organization Department of Pandemic and
Epidemic Diseases (PED) develops strategies, initiatives, and
mechanisms to address emerging and re-emerging epidemic
diseases to reduce impact on affected populations and limit
international spread. Community health nurse act a liaison in
implementation of these responses and policy actions
19. ► PROTECT
healthcare
workers.
► INTERRUPT
the virus.
► MAINTAIN
existing
healthcare
services while
surging their
capacity.
► SHIELD
the most
vulnerable from
socioeconomic
shocks.
IMMEDIATE INVESTMENT IN COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS
WILL HELP ACHIEVE THE FOLLOWING GOALS:
Achieving these goals will require targeted actions at different
stages of the pandemic
20. Anticipation/early detection/containment
1. PROTECT
health workers.
• CHN will Coordinate with partners
and invest to rapidly produce,
deploy and restock PPE, including
masks, gloves, goggles, gowns,
hand sanitiser, soap and water,
and cleaning supplies.
• Ensure community health
workers are included in PPE
projections.
21. 2. INTERRUPT the virus. • CHN will Standardise and
endorse a staffing and
readiness protocol for
CHWs responding to
pandemic
• Engage with governments
to quantify training needs
and invest to rapidly train
existing CHWs to
Prevent
Detect and
Respond.
22. Leverage evidence-based behaviour
change strategies and widely accessible
mobile technologies to educate
communities regarding signs,
symptoms and transmission routes.
Lead skill building for personal
preventive measures such as social
distancing, hand hygiene,
coughing/sneezing into elbows and
wash interventions.
PREVENT
23. Organise hand hygiene
stations in communities
and health facilities and
mobilise local residents to
use them.
Support, lead or reinforce
community and facility-
based infection prevention
and control measures, such
as construction of triage
areas and use of PPE.
PREVENT
24. CHN must ensure that all are subordinates are
following protocols designed to ensure the physical
safety and health of CHWs.
Identify signs and symptoms in community members,
support safe collection of samples in communities
and health facilities.
Facilitate rapid transport of samples to laboratories
for analysis, thus reducing risks of nosocomial
transmission.
DETECT
25. ► CHN must ensure CHWs should only be tasked with
responsibilities if they can be regularly supplied with
the key materials necessary to conduct those tasks
and protect themselves.
► Enter alerts into community events-based
surveillance systems
DETECT
26. ► Communicate rapidly and effectively to residents
in pandemic areas, including delivering health
information in a tailored, context-specific and
relevant way while combating the spread of
misinformation.
► Support contact tracing, symptom reporting and
monitoring of contacts of patients with infectious
disease to ensure access to testing and treatment
for those who develop signs and symptoms.
RESPOND
27. 3. MAINTAIN health services while
surging their capacity.
• Work with governments to ensure
Community health nurses are
designated as part of the
essential workforce.
• Invest in the national supply
chain to quantify demand and
coordinate distribution of
essential commodities and surge
supplies.
28. Sustain routine primary healthcare services, for example,
vaccinations and integrated community case management of
young children with malaria, pneumonia or diarrhoea.
Codesign workflow modifications necessary to continue
primary healthcare delivery while being responsive to
changing pandemic conditions and patient and health worker
safety.
ROLE OF CHN TO MAINTAIN AND SURGE
EXISTING SERVICES
29. Introduce safe means of requesting and accessing care in the
event of community-level pandemic spread.
Postpone non-essential services to alleviate capacity
constraints on existing health workforce.
Monitor patients for clinical deterioration and support rapid
referral of individuals who require hospitalisation, reinforcing
links between the health system and communities
CONT.
30. Harness digital technology to receive requests for care,
proactively check in with families, follow up with patients,
assess symptoms and establish care plans.
Support preparation of health systems and communities for
the eventual introduction of vaccines and treatments,
including outreach to high-risk groups.
Implement or support disinfection of high-risk surfaces in
communities using appropriate infection prevention and
control supplies and procedures.
CONT.
31. 4. SHIELD the vulnerable. ► Support immediate cash
injections at the household level and
the creation of neighbourhood plans
to protect the most vulnerable.
► Work with governments and
funding partners to ensure that
budgets for CHWs incorporate
holistic support.
32. Support self-isolation and monitor patients in the
community while ensuring delivery of food, social
and medical support.
Combat misinformation, fear and mistrust by acting
as a bridge to the formal health system and national
authorities.
ROLE OF CHN TO SHIELD THE
VULNERABLE
33. Inspire positive behaviour change and
collective action.
Identify and educate at-risk populations
(elderly, immuno- compromised, those with
underlying conditions) to reduce their
exposure to infectious disease leading to
pandemic
35. ROLE OF CHN CONT..
Pandemic or spread of communicable disease represent an
imbalance in the harmonious relationship between the
human, host and the environment.
This state of imbalance provides the infectious agent an
opportunity to cause an outbreak.
So to disrupt the agent host environment relationship, a
multisystem approach to be used by community health nurse
36. Improve host resistance to infectioous agents and other
environmental hazards
ROLE OF CHN CONT..
improved hygiene, nutrition, and
physical fitness
Increased immmunization coverage
Provision of prophylaxis
Stress control and improved mental
health
37. Improve safety of the environment
• Improved sanitation
• Provision of safe water and clean air
• Proper cooking and storage of food
• Control of vectors and animal
reservoir hosts
38. Improve public health system
• Increased access to health care
• Adequate health education
• Improved surveillance system
Facilitate social and political changes to ensure better health
for all people
Individual , organisational and community
action legislation
40. Community health nurse has a important role in managing
pandemics through education , prevention, surveillance and
outbreak investigation
Community health nurse can find infected individuals; notify
contacts; refer; administer treatments; educate the individual,
family community, professionals and population; act as
advocates and in general be state-of-the-art resources to
reduce the impact of pandemic in community.
CONCLUSION
41. World Health Organization (n.d.) Pandemic and epidemic diseases.
Retrieved from: http://www.who.int/csr/disease/en/.
Edmonson, C., McCarthy, C., Trent-Adams, S., McCain, C., &
Marshall, J. Emerging Global health issues: A nurse’s role. OJIN: The
Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 22, doi:10.3912/OJIN.
EIDR. Emerging infectious disease repository. EcoHealth Alliance
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (n.d.) Office of
Global Affairs, Office of Pandemics and Emerging Threats (PET).
http://www.hhs.gov/about/agencies/oga/about-oga/what-we-
do/policy-and-program-coordination/pandemics -emerging-
threats.html .
REFERENCES