The document is a chapter from a textbook on data mining written by Akannsha A. Totewar, a professor at YCCE in Nagpur, India. It provides an introduction to data mining, including definitions of data mining, the motivation and evolution of the field, common data mining tasks, and major issues in data mining such as methodology, performance, and privacy.
Data mining is an important part of business intelligence and refers to discovering interesting patterns from large amounts of data. It involves applying techniques from multiple disciplines like statistics, machine learning, and information science to large datasets. While organizations collect vast amounts of data, data mining is needed to extract useful knowledge and insights from it. Some common techniques of data mining include classification, clustering, association analysis, and outlier detection. Data mining tools can help organizations apply these techniques to gain intelligence from their data warehouses.
Data preprocessing involves transforming raw data into an understandable and consistent format. It includes data cleaning, integration, transformation, and reduction. Data cleaning aims to fill missing values, smooth noise, and resolve inconsistencies. Data integration combines data from multiple sources. Data transformation handles tasks like normalization and aggregation to prepare the data for mining. Data reduction techniques obtain a reduced representation of data that maintains analytical results but reduces volume, such as through aggregation, dimensionality reduction, discretization, and sampling.
This document discusses various data reduction techniques including dimensionality reduction through attribute subset selection, numerosity reduction using parametric and non-parametric methods like data cube aggregation, and data compression. It describes how attribute subset selection works to find a minimum set of relevant attributes to make patterns easier to detect. Methods for attribute subset selection include forward selection, backward elimination, and bi-directional selection. Decision trees can also help identify relevant attributes. Data cube aggregation stores multidimensional summarized data to provide fast access to precomputed information.
Data mining is the process of automatically discovering useful information from large data sets. It draws from machine learning, statistics, and database systems to analyze data and identify patterns. Common data mining tasks include classification, clustering, association rule mining, and sequential pattern mining. These tasks are used for applications like credit risk assessment, fraud detection, customer segmentation, and market basket analysis. Data mining aims to extract unknown and potentially useful patterns from large data sets.
Exploratory data analysis data visualization:
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) is an approach/philosophy for data analysis that employs a variety of techniques (mostly graphical) to
Maximize insight into a data set.
Uncover underlying structure.
Extract important variables.
Detect outliers and anomalies.
Test underlying assumptions.
Develop parsimonious models.
Determine optimal factor settings
This document discusses data mining and different types of data mining techniques. It defines data mining as the process of analyzing large amounts of data to discover patterns and relationships. The document describes predictive data mining, which makes predictions based on historical data, and descriptive data mining, which identifies patterns and relationships. It also discusses classification, clustering, time-series analysis, and data summarization as specific data mining techniques.
This document discusses various machine learning techniques for classification and prediction. It covers decision tree induction, tree pruning, Bayesian classification, Bayesian belief networks, backpropagation, association rule mining, and ensemble methods like bagging and boosting. Classification involves predicting categorical labels while prediction predicts continuous values. Key steps for preparing data include cleaning, transformation, and comparing different methods based on accuracy, speed, robustness, scalability, and interpretability.
The document provides an overview of data mining concepts and techniques. It introduces data mining, describing it as the process of discovering interesting patterns or knowledge from large amounts of data. It discusses why data mining is necessary due to the explosive growth of data and how it relates to other fields like machine learning, statistics, and database technology. Additionally, it covers different types of data that can be mined, functionalities of data mining like classification and prediction, and classifications of data mining systems.
Data mining is an important part of business intelligence and refers to discovering interesting patterns from large amounts of data. It involves applying techniques from multiple disciplines like statistics, machine learning, and information science to large datasets. While organizations collect vast amounts of data, data mining is needed to extract useful knowledge and insights from it. Some common techniques of data mining include classification, clustering, association analysis, and outlier detection. Data mining tools can help organizations apply these techniques to gain intelligence from their data warehouses.
Data preprocessing involves transforming raw data into an understandable and consistent format. It includes data cleaning, integration, transformation, and reduction. Data cleaning aims to fill missing values, smooth noise, and resolve inconsistencies. Data integration combines data from multiple sources. Data transformation handles tasks like normalization and aggregation to prepare the data for mining. Data reduction techniques obtain a reduced representation of data that maintains analytical results but reduces volume, such as through aggregation, dimensionality reduction, discretization, and sampling.
This document discusses various data reduction techniques including dimensionality reduction through attribute subset selection, numerosity reduction using parametric and non-parametric methods like data cube aggregation, and data compression. It describes how attribute subset selection works to find a minimum set of relevant attributes to make patterns easier to detect. Methods for attribute subset selection include forward selection, backward elimination, and bi-directional selection. Decision trees can also help identify relevant attributes. Data cube aggregation stores multidimensional summarized data to provide fast access to precomputed information.
Data mining is the process of automatically discovering useful information from large data sets. It draws from machine learning, statistics, and database systems to analyze data and identify patterns. Common data mining tasks include classification, clustering, association rule mining, and sequential pattern mining. These tasks are used for applications like credit risk assessment, fraud detection, customer segmentation, and market basket analysis. Data mining aims to extract unknown and potentially useful patterns from large data sets.
Exploratory data analysis data visualization:
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) is an approach/philosophy for data analysis that employs a variety of techniques (mostly graphical) to
Maximize insight into a data set.
Uncover underlying structure.
Extract important variables.
Detect outliers and anomalies.
Test underlying assumptions.
Develop parsimonious models.
Determine optimal factor settings
This document discusses data mining and different types of data mining techniques. It defines data mining as the process of analyzing large amounts of data to discover patterns and relationships. The document describes predictive data mining, which makes predictions based on historical data, and descriptive data mining, which identifies patterns and relationships. It also discusses classification, clustering, time-series analysis, and data summarization as specific data mining techniques.
This document discusses various machine learning techniques for classification and prediction. It covers decision tree induction, tree pruning, Bayesian classification, Bayesian belief networks, backpropagation, association rule mining, and ensemble methods like bagging and boosting. Classification involves predicting categorical labels while prediction predicts continuous values. Key steps for preparing data include cleaning, transformation, and comparing different methods based on accuracy, speed, robustness, scalability, and interpretability.
The document provides an overview of data mining concepts and techniques. It introduces data mining, describing it as the process of discovering interesting patterns or knowledge from large amounts of data. It discusses why data mining is necessary due to the explosive growth of data and how it relates to other fields like machine learning, statistics, and database technology. Additionally, it covers different types of data that can be mined, functionalities of data mining like classification and prediction, and classifications of data mining systems.
Data mining primitives include task-relevant data, the kind of knowledge to be mined, background knowledge such as concept hierarchies, interestingness measures, and methods for presenting discovered patterns. A data mining query specifies these primitives to guide the knowledge discovery process. Background knowledge like concept hierarchies allow mining patterns at different levels of abstraction. Interestingness measures estimate pattern simplicity, certainty, utility, and novelty to filter uninteresting results. Discovered patterns can be presented through various visualizations including rules, tables, charts, and decision trees.
1) Data analytics is the process of examining large data sets to uncover patterns and insights. It involves descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analysis.
2) Descriptive analysis summarizes past events, predictive analysis forecasts future events, and prescriptive analysis recommends actions.
3) Major companies like Facebook, Amazon, Uber, banks and Spotify extensively use big data and data analytics to improve customer experience, detect fraud, personalize recommendations and gain business insights.
The presentation is about the career path in the field of Data Science. Data Science is a multi-disciplinary field that uses scientific methods, processes, algorithms, and systems to extract knowledge and insights from structured and unstructured data.
This document provides an overview of data mining, data warehousing, and decision support systems. It defines data mining as extracting hidden predictive patterns from large databases and data warehousing as integrating data from multiple sources into a central repository for reporting and analysis. Common data warehousing techniques include data marts, online analytical processing (OLAP), and online transaction processing (OLTP). The document also discusses the benefits of data warehousing such as enhanced business intelligence and historical data analysis, as well challenges around meeting user expectations and optimizing systems. Finally, it describes decision support systems and executive information systems as tools that combine data and models to support business decision making.
The document discusses major issues in data mining including mining methodology, user interaction, performance, and data types. Specifically, it outlines challenges of mining different types of knowledge, interactive mining at multiple levels of abstraction, incorporating background knowledge, visualization of results, handling noisy data, evaluating pattern interestingness, efficiency and scalability of algorithms, parallel and distributed mining, and handling relational and complex data types from heterogeneous databases.
Supervised learning and Unsupervised learning Usama Fayyaz
This document discusses supervised and unsupervised machine learning. Supervised learning uses labeled training data to learn a function that maps inputs to outputs. Unsupervised learning is used when only input data is available, with the goal of modeling underlying structures or distributions in the data. Common supervised algorithms include decision trees and logistic regression, while common unsupervised algorithms include k-means clustering and dimensionality reduction.
This document provides an overview of database management systems (DBMS). It defines a DBMS as a collection of data and applications used to access and manage that data. The document then briefly discusses the history of DBMS development from early hierarchical models to today's dominant relational model. It describes the key purposes of using a DBMS, including reducing data redundancy and improving data integrity, security and consistency. The document outlines the main components and architecture of a DBMS, including its internal, conceptual and external levels. It also covers the advantages and disadvantages of using a DBMS, as well as common DBMS languages like SQL.
This document summarizes key aspects of data integration and transformation in data mining. It discusses data integration as combining data from multiple sources to provide a unified view. Key issues in data integration include schema integration, redundancy, and resolving data conflicts. Data transformation prepares the data for mining and can include smoothing, aggregation, generalization, normalization, and attribute construction. Specific normalization techniques are also outlined.
This document provides an introduction to data mining. It defines data mining as the process of analyzing large amounts of data from different perspectives to discover meaningful patterns and extract useful information. It discusses why data mining is needed due to issues like data explosion. It also outlines some common data mining techniques like classification, clustering, and association analysis. Additionally, it provides examples of applications of data mining in various industries and discusses advantages like improved marketing and benefits to governments while also acknowledging disadvantages around privacy, security, and potential misuse of information.
This document provides an introduction to data mining. It defines data mining as extracting useful information from large datasets. Key domains that benefit include market analysis, risk management, and fraud detection. Common data mining techniques are discussed such as association, classification, clustering, prediction, and decision trees. Both open source tools like RapidMiner, WEKA, and R, as well commercial tools like SQL Server, IBM Cognos, and Dundas BI are introduced for performing data mining.
The KDD process involves several steps: data cleaning to remove noise, data integration of multiple sources, data selection of relevant data, data transformation into appropriate forms for mining, applying data mining techniques to extract patterns, evaluating patterns for interestingness, and representing mined knowledge visually. The KDD process aims to discover useful knowledge from various data types including databases, data warehouses, transactional data, time series, sequences, streams, spatial, multimedia, graphs, engineering designs, and web data.
Here are the key calculations:
1) Probability that persons p and q will be at the same hotel on a given day d is 1/100 × 1/100 × 10-5 = 10-9, since there are 100 hotels and each person stays in a hotel with probability 10-5 on any given day.
2) Probability that p and q will be at the same hotel on given days d1 and d2 is (10-9) × (10-9) = 10-18, since the events are independent.
Decision trees are a type of supervised learning algorithm used for classification and regression. ID3 and C4.5 are algorithms that generate decision trees by choosing the attribute with the highest information gain at each step. Random forest is an ensemble method that creates multiple decision trees and aggregates their results, improving accuracy. It introduces randomness when building trees to decrease variance.
KDD is the process of automatically extracting hidden patterns from large datasets. It involves data cleaning, reduction, exploration, modeling, and interpretation to discover useful knowledge. The goal is to gain a competitive advantage by providing improved services through understanding of the data.
Clustering is an unsupervised learning technique used to group unlabeled data points together based on similarities. It aims to maximize similarity within clusters and minimize similarity between clusters. There are several clustering methods including partitioning, hierarchical, density-based, grid-based, and model-based. Clustering has many applications such as pattern recognition, image processing, market research, and bioinformatics. It is useful for extracting hidden patterns from large, complex datasets.
This document presents an overview of text mining. It discusses how text mining differs from data mining in that it involves natural language processing of unstructured or semi-structured text data rather than structured numeric data. The key steps of text mining include pre-processing text, applying techniques like summarization, classification, clustering and information extraction, and analyzing the results. Some common applications of text mining are market trend analysis and filtering of spam emails. While text mining allows extraction of information from diverse sources, it requires initial learning systems and suitable programs for knowledge discovery.
Data Mining, KDD Process, Data mining functionalities, Characterization,
Discrimination ,
Association,
Classification,
Prediction,
Clustering,
Outlier analysis, Data Cleaning as a Process
This document provides an overview of big data. It defines big data as large volumes of diverse data that are growing rapidly and require new techniques to capture, store, distribute, manage, and analyze. The key characteristics of big data are volume, velocity, and variety. Common sources of big data include sensors, mobile devices, social media, and business transactions. Tools like Hadoop and MapReduce are used to store and process big data across distributed systems. Applications of big data include smarter healthcare, traffic control, and personalized marketing. The future of big data is promising with the market expected to grow substantially in the coming years.
Data mining involves extracting patterns from large data sets. It is used to uncover hidden information and relationships within data repositories like databases, text files, social networks, and computer simulations. The patterns discovered can be used by organizations to make better business decisions. Some common applications of data mining include credit card fraud detection, customer segmentation for marketing, and scientific research. The process involves data preparation, algorithm selection, model building, and interpretation. While useful, data mining also raises privacy, security, and ethical concerns if misused.
Big data Analytics is a process to extract meaningful insight from big such as hidden patterns, unknown correlations, market trends and customer preferences
Data mining (lecture 1 & 2) conecpts and techniquesSaif Ullah
This document provides an overview of data mining concepts from Chapter 1 of the textbook "Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques". It discusses the motivation for data mining due to increasing data collection, defines data mining as the extraction of useful patterns from large datasets, and outlines some common applications like market analysis, risk management, and fraud detection. It also introduces the key steps in a typical data mining process including data selection, cleaning, mining, and evaluation.
The document provides an overview of data mining concepts including association rules, classification, and clustering algorithms. It introduces data mining and knowledge discovery processes. Association rule mining aims to find relationships between variables in large datasets using the Apriori and FP-growth algorithms. Classification algorithms build a model to predict class membership for new records based on a decision tree. Clustering algorithms group similar records together without predefined classes.
Data mining primitives include task-relevant data, the kind of knowledge to be mined, background knowledge such as concept hierarchies, interestingness measures, and methods for presenting discovered patterns. A data mining query specifies these primitives to guide the knowledge discovery process. Background knowledge like concept hierarchies allow mining patterns at different levels of abstraction. Interestingness measures estimate pattern simplicity, certainty, utility, and novelty to filter uninteresting results. Discovered patterns can be presented through various visualizations including rules, tables, charts, and decision trees.
1) Data analytics is the process of examining large data sets to uncover patterns and insights. It involves descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analysis.
2) Descriptive analysis summarizes past events, predictive analysis forecasts future events, and prescriptive analysis recommends actions.
3) Major companies like Facebook, Amazon, Uber, banks and Spotify extensively use big data and data analytics to improve customer experience, detect fraud, personalize recommendations and gain business insights.
The presentation is about the career path in the field of Data Science. Data Science is a multi-disciplinary field that uses scientific methods, processes, algorithms, and systems to extract knowledge and insights from structured and unstructured data.
This document provides an overview of data mining, data warehousing, and decision support systems. It defines data mining as extracting hidden predictive patterns from large databases and data warehousing as integrating data from multiple sources into a central repository for reporting and analysis. Common data warehousing techniques include data marts, online analytical processing (OLAP), and online transaction processing (OLTP). The document also discusses the benefits of data warehousing such as enhanced business intelligence and historical data analysis, as well challenges around meeting user expectations and optimizing systems. Finally, it describes decision support systems and executive information systems as tools that combine data and models to support business decision making.
The document discusses major issues in data mining including mining methodology, user interaction, performance, and data types. Specifically, it outlines challenges of mining different types of knowledge, interactive mining at multiple levels of abstraction, incorporating background knowledge, visualization of results, handling noisy data, evaluating pattern interestingness, efficiency and scalability of algorithms, parallel and distributed mining, and handling relational and complex data types from heterogeneous databases.
Supervised learning and Unsupervised learning Usama Fayyaz
This document discusses supervised and unsupervised machine learning. Supervised learning uses labeled training data to learn a function that maps inputs to outputs. Unsupervised learning is used when only input data is available, with the goal of modeling underlying structures or distributions in the data. Common supervised algorithms include decision trees and logistic regression, while common unsupervised algorithms include k-means clustering and dimensionality reduction.
This document provides an overview of database management systems (DBMS). It defines a DBMS as a collection of data and applications used to access and manage that data. The document then briefly discusses the history of DBMS development from early hierarchical models to today's dominant relational model. It describes the key purposes of using a DBMS, including reducing data redundancy and improving data integrity, security and consistency. The document outlines the main components and architecture of a DBMS, including its internal, conceptual and external levels. It also covers the advantages and disadvantages of using a DBMS, as well as common DBMS languages like SQL.
This document summarizes key aspects of data integration and transformation in data mining. It discusses data integration as combining data from multiple sources to provide a unified view. Key issues in data integration include schema integration, redundancy, and resolving data conflicts. Data transformation prepares the data for mining and can include smoothing, aggregation, generalization, normalization, and attribute construction. Specific normalization techniques are also outlined.
This document provides an introduction to data mining. It defines data mining as the process of analyzing large amounts of data from different perspectives to discover meaningful patterns and extract useful information. It discusses why data mining is needed due to issues like data explosion. It also outlines some common data mining techniques like classification, clustering, and association analysis. Additionally, it provides examples of applications of data mining in various industries and discusses advantages like improved marketing and benefits to governments while also acknowledging disadvantages around privacy, security, and potential misuse of information.
This document provides an introduction to data mining. It defines data mining as extracting useful information from large datasets. Key domains that benefit include market analysis, risk management, and fraud detection. Common data mining techniques are discussed such as association, classification, clustering, prediction, and decision trees. Both open source tools like RapidMiner, WEKA, and R, as well commercial tools like SQL Server, IBM Cognos, and Dundas BI are introduced for performing data mining.
The KDD process involves several steps: data cleaning to remove noise, data integration of multiple sources, data selection of relevant data, data transformation into appropriate forms for mining, applying data mining techniques to extract patterns, evaluating patterns for interestingness, and representing mined knowledge visually. The KDD process aims to discover useful knowledge from various data types including databases, data warehouses, transactional data, time series, sequences, streams, spatial, multimedia, graphs, engineering designs, and web data.
Here are the key calculations:
1) Probability that persons p and q will be at the same hotel on a given day d is 1/100 × 1/100 × 10-5 = 10-9, since there are 100 hotels and each person stays in a hotel with probability 10-5 on any given day.
2) Probability that p and q will be at the same hotel on given days d1 and d2 is (10-9) × (10-9) = 10-18, since the events are independent.
Decision trees are a type of supervised learning algorithm used for classification and regression. ID3 and C4.5 are algorithms that generate decision trees by choosing the attribute with the highest information gain at each step. Random forest is an ensemble method that creates multiple decision trees and aggregates their results, improving accuracy. It introduces randomness when building trees to decrease variance.
KDD is the process of automatically extracting hidden patterns from large datasets. It involves data cleaning, reduction, exploration, modeling, and interpretation to discover useful knowledge. The goal is to gain a competitive advantage by providing improved services through understanding of the data.
Clustering is an unsupervised learning technique used to group unlabeled data points together based on similarities. It aims to maximize similarity within clusters and minimize similarity between clusters. There are several clustering methods including partitioning, hierarchical, density-based, grid-based, and model-based. Clustering has many applications such as pattern recognition, image processing, market research, and bioinformatics. It is useful for extracting hidden patterns from large, complex datasets.
This document presents an overview of text mining. It discusses how text mining differs from data mining in that it involves natural language processing of unstructured or semi-structured text data rather than structured numeric data. The key steps of text mining include pre-processing text, applying techniques like summarization, classification, clustering and information extraction, and analyzing the results. Some common applications of text mining are market trend analysis and filtering of spam emails. While text mining allows extraction of information from diverse sources, it requires initial learning systems and suitable programs for knowledge discovery.
Data Mining, KDD Process, Data mining functionalities, Characterization,
Discrimination ,
Association,
Classification,
Prediction,
Clustering,
Outlier analysis, Data Cleaning as a Process
This document provides an overview of big data. It defines big data as large volumes of diverse data that are growing rapidly and require new techniques to capture, store, distribute, manage, and analyze. The key characteristics of big data are volume, velocity, and variety. Common sources of big data include sensors, mobile devices, social media, and business transactions. Tools like Hadoop and MapReduce are used to store and process big data across distributed systems. Applications of big data include smarter healthcare, traffic control, and personalized marketing. The future of big data is promising with the market expected to grow substantially in the coming years.
Data mining involves extracting patterns from large data sets. It is used to uncover hidden information and relationships within data repositories like databases, text files, social networks, and computer simulations. The patterns discovered can be used by organizations to make better business decisions. Some common applications of data mining include credit card fraud detection, customer segmentation for marketing, and scientific research. The process involves data preparation, algorithm selection, model building, and interpretation. While useful, data mining also raises privacy, security, and ethical concerns if misused.
Big data Analytics is a process to extract meaningful insight from big such as hidden patterns, unknown correlations, market trends and customer preferences
Data mining (lecture 1 & 2) conecpts and techniquesSaif Ullah
This document provides an overview of data mining concepts from Chapter 1 of the textbook "Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques". It discusses the motivation for data mining due to increasing data collection, defines data mining as the extraction of useful patterns from large datasets, and outlines some common applications like market analysis, risk management, and fraud detection. It also introduces the key steps in a typical data mining process including data selection, cleaning, mining, and evaluation.
The document provides an overview of data mining concepts including association rules, classification, and clustering algorithms. It introduces data mining and knowledge discovery processes. Association rule mining aims to find relationships between variables in large datasets using the Apriori and FP-growth algorithms. Classification algorithms build a model to predict class membership for new records based on a decision tree. Clustering algorithms group similar records together without predefined classes.
Data Mining: Mining ,associations, and correlationsDatamining Tools
Market basket analysis examines customer purchasing patterns to determine which items are commonly bought together. This can help retailers with marketing strategies like product bundling and complementary product placement. Association rule mining is a two-step process that first finds frequent item sets that occur together above a minimum support threshold, and then generates strong association rules from these frequent item sets based on minimum support and confidence. Various techniques can improve the efficiency of the Apriori algorithm for mining association rules, such as hashing, transaction reduction, partitioning, sampling, and dynamic item-set counting. Pruning strategies like item merging, sub-item-set pruning, and item skipping can also enhance efficiency. Constraint-based mining allows users to specify constraints on the type of
Mining Frequent Patterns, Association and CorrelationsJustin Cletus
This document summarizes Chapter 6 of the book "Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques" which discusses frequent pattern mining. It introduces basic concepts like frequent itemsets and association rules. It then describes several scalable algorithms for mining frequent itemsets, including Apriori, FP-Growth, and ECLAT. It also discusses optimizations to Apriori like partitioning the database and techniques to reduce the number of candidates and database scans.
Data mining involves classification, cluster analysis, outlier mining, and evolution analysis. Classification models data to distinguish classes using techniques like decision trees or neural networks. Cluster analysis groups similar objects without labels, while outlier mining finds irregular objects. Evolution analysis models changes over time. Data mining performance considers algorithm efficiency, scalability, and handling diverse and complex data types from multiple sources.
The document provides information about what a data warehouse is and why it is important. A data warehouse is a relational database designed for querying and analysis that contains historical data from transaction systems and other sources. It allows organizations to access, analyze, and report on integrated information to support business processes and decisions.
This document provides an overview of data warehousing concepts including dimensional modeling, online analytical processing (OLAP), and indexing techniques. It discusses the evolution of data warehousing, definitions of data warehouses, architectures, and common applications. Dimensional modeling concepts such as star schemas, snowflake schemas, and slowly changing dimensions are explained. The presentation concludes with references for further reading.
This document discusses customer relationship management (CRM) strategies in the airline industry. It explains that CRM aims to acquire new customers, grow existing customers, and retain valuable customers. Data mining and analysis are important for airline CRM to understand customer behavior. The document also outlines e-CRM systems that allow airlines to manage customer relationships online. Specific benefits of implementing a CRM strategy for airlines include improved marketing and service. Challenges include overcoming obstacles like lack of data sharing between departments.
The document provides an overview of sequential pattern mining. It discusses the challenges of mining sequential patterns from large databases due to the huge number of possible patterns. It then describes the Apriori algorithm as an example approach, showing the pseudocode. It works in multiple passes over the database, generating candidate itemsets in each pass and pruning those that don't meet the minimum support threshold. The document also summarizes the FP-Growth algorithm, which avoids candidate generation by building a compact FP-tree structure and mining it recursively to extract patterns. Applications mentioned include customer shopping sequences, medical treatments, and DNA sequences.
This document summarizes a project analyzing procurement data from the city of Los Angeles using Apache Spark. It includes an overview of the project, descriptions of Apache Spark and the Databricks cluster used for analysis. Several Spark SQL queries and visualizations are shown to determine expenses by year, department, item, and other factors. The conclusions recommend reducing transportation costs by building supplier plants closer to Los Angeles.
That now is the time to invest in four areas of procurement excellence: technology, process, organization, and risk management. The document discusses trends in these areas and provides a framework for assessing an organization's current maturity and setting targets for improvement over the next two years. It also outlines steps like implementing advanced analytics, closed-loop spend management, and centrally managing categories to transform procurement operations.
This document provides an overview of application trends in data mining. It discusses how data mining is used for financial data analysis, customer analysis in retail and telecommunications, biological data analysis, scientific research, intrusion detection, and more. It also outlines statistical and visualization techniques used in data mining as well as privacy and security considerations. The document concludes by encouraging the reader to explore additional self-help tutorials on data mining tools and techniques.
The document discusses various techniques for tuning data warehouse performance. It recommends tuning the data loading process to speed up queries and optimize hardware usage. Specific strategies mentioned include loading data in batches during off-peak hours, using parallel loading and direct path inserts to bulk load data faster, preallocating tablespace, and temporarily disabling indexes and constraints. The document also provides examples of using SQL*Loader and parallel direct path loads to efficiently bulk load data from files into tables.
This document discusses web mining and outlines its goals, types, and techniques. Web mining involves examining data from the world wide web and includes web content mining, web structure mining, and web usage mining. Content mining analyzes web page contents, structure mining analyzes hyperlink structures, and usage mining analyzes web server logs and user browsing patterns. Common techniques discussed include page ranking algorithms, focused crawlers, usage pattern discovery, and preprocessing of web server logs.
This document discusses spatial data mining and its applications. Spatial data mining involves extracting knowledge and relationships from large spatial databases. It can be used for applications like GIS, remote sensing, medical imaging, and more. Some challenges include the complexity of spatial data types and large data volumes. The document also covers topics like spatial data warehouses, dimensions and measures in spatial analysis, spatial association rule mining, and applications in fields such as earth science, crime mapping, and commerce.
Data Mining: Graph mining and social network analysisDatamining Tools
Graph mining analyzes structured data like social networks and the web through graph search algorithms. It aims to find frequent subgraphs using Apriori-based or pattern growth approaches. Social networks exhibit characteristics like densification and heavy-tailed degree distributions. Link mining analyzes heterogeneous, multi-relational social network data through tasks like link prediction and group detection, facing challenges of logical vs statistical dependencies and collective classification. Multi-relational data mining searches for patterns across multiple database tables, including multi-relational clustering that utilizes information across relations.
The document provides descriptions of various investment companies and funds listed on the Australian stock exchange. It summarizes each fund's investment focus, such as investing in Australian or international equities, resource companies, or adopting passive index-style approaches. The funds range from those specializing in specific geographic regions or industry sectors to more diversified funds holding a variety of Australian and global securities.
Chapter - 6 Data Mining Concepts and Techniques 2nd Ed slides Han & Kambererror007
The document describes Chapter 6 of the book "Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques" which covers the topics of classification and prediction. It defines classification and prediction and discusses key issues in classification such as data preparation, evaluating methods, and decision tree induction. Decision tree induction creates a tree model by recursively splitting the training data on attributes and their values to produce leaf nodes containing target class labels. The chapter also covers other classification techniques including Bayesian classification, rule-based classification, support vector machines, and ensemble methods. It describes the process of model construction from training data and then using the model to classify new unlabeled data.
This document provides information about a course on data warehousing and data mining, including:
1. It outlines the course syllabus which covers the basics of data warehousing, data preprocessing, association rules, classification and clustering, and recent trends in data mining.
2. It describes the 5 units that make up the course, including an overview of the topics covered in each unit such as data warehouse architecture, data integration, decision trees, and applications of data mining.
3. It lists two textbooks and four references that will be used for the course.
Data Mining: Data cube computation and data generalizationDatamining Tools
Data generalization abstracts data from a low conceptual level to higher levels. Different cube materialization methods include full, iceberg, closed, and shell cubes. The Apriori property states that if a cell does not meet minimum support, neither will its descendants, and can reduce iceberg cube computation. BUC constructs cubes from the apex downward, allowing pruning using Apriori and sharing partitioning costs. Discovery-driven exploration assists users in intelligently exploring aggregated data cubes. Constrained gradient analysis incorporates significance, probe, and gradient constraints to reduce the search space. Attribute-oriented induction generalizes based on attribute values to characterize data. Attribute generalization is controlled through thresholds and relations.
1. Find all frequent itemsets of length 1 by scanning the database to count item occurrences.
2. Iteratively generate candidate itemsets of length k from frequent itemsets of length k-1, and prune unpromising candidates using the Apriori property.
3. Scan the database to determine truly frequent itemsets.
4. Generate association rules from frequent itemsets by adding items to the antecedent and consequent of rules if they meet minimum confidence.
This document provides an overview of data mining and knowledge discovery in databases. It discusses why data mining is needed due to large volumes of data, describes the data mining process including data preparation, transformation, mining methods and model evaluation. Specific data mining techniques discussed include association rule mining to find frequent patterns in transactional data and decision tree learning as a supervised learning method to classify instances.
The document introduces data mining and knowledge discovery in databases. It discusses why data mining is needed due to large datasets that cannot be analyzed manually. It also covers the data mining process, common data mining techniques like association rules and decision trees, applications of data mining in various domains, and some popular data mining tools.
The document discusses data mining and presents an overview of key concepts. It defines data mining as the process of discovering interesting patterns from large amounts of data. It outlines the typical steps in a data mining process, including data cleaning, integration, selection, transformation, mining, evaluation, and presentation. It also describes common data mining functionalities like characterization, discrimination, association, classification, clustering, and outlier analysis. Finally, it lists some references for further reading on data mining.
This document provides an introduction and overview of the DBM630: Data Mining and Data Warehousing course. It outlines the course syllabus, textbooks, assessment tasks, schedule, prerequisites, and provides a high-level introduction to data mining and data warehousing concepts including definitions, processes, applications and evolution of database technologies.
This document provides an introduction and overview of the DBM630: Data Mining and Data Warehousing course. It outlines the course syllabus, textbooks, assessment tasks, schedule, prerequisites, and introduces concepts related to data mining and data warehousing including definitions, processes, applications, and evolution of database technology. The goal of the course is to teach students about data warehousing, data mining techniques such as association rule mining, classification, clustering, and current trends in the field.
This document provides an introduction to data mining concepts and techniques. It discusses why data mining is needed due to the abundance of data available. It defines data mining as the extraction of interesting and non-trivial patterns from large datasets. The document outlines the key steps in the knowledge discovery process including data cleaning, transformation, mining, and evaluation. It also describes different types of data that can be mined, such as databases, data warehouses, text, images, and streams. Finally, it covers common data mining functionalities including classification, clustering, association rule mining and prediction.
The document provides an overview of data mining and data warehousing concepts through a series of lectures. It discusses the evolution of database technology and data analysis, defines data mining and knowledge discovery, describes data mining functionalities like classification and clustering, and covers data warehouse concepts like dimensional modeling and OLAP operations. It also presents sample queries in a proposed data mining query language.
The document provides an introduction to the concept of data mining. It discusses the evolution of data analysis techniques from empirical to computational to data-driven approaches. Data mining is presented as a natural evolution to analyze massive data sets and discover useful patterns. Key aspects of data mining covered include its functionality, types of data and knowledge that can be mined, major issues, and its relationship to other fields such as machine learning, statistics, and databases.
This document provides an introduction to data mining and data warehousing. It discusses how the volume of data being collected is growing exponentially in many fields due to advances in data collection technologies. It also describes how data mining can be used to extract useful knowledge and patterns from large datasets to help solve important problems. The document outlines some key techniques in data mining including classification, clustering, and association rule mining. It discusses how data mining draws from fields like machine learning, statistics, and databases to analyze large and complex datasets.
This document provides an introduction to data mining. It discusses why data mining is useful given the large amount of data being collected. Data mining involves extracting patterns from data and can be used for applications like market analysis, risk analysis, and fraud detection. The document outlines common data mining functionalities like classification, clustering, and outlier analysis. It also discusses issues in data mining like evaluating interesting patterns, handling noise, and privacy concerns.
The document introduces concepts and techniques in data mining. It discusses the motivation for data mining due to data explosion, defines data mining as the process of extracting useful patterns from large datasets, and outlines the typical steps in a knowledge discovery process including data cleaning, transformation, mining, and evaluation. It also describes different types of data mining functionality such as classification, association, and clustering.
This chapter introduces data mining and discusses its rise due to the massive growth of digital data. It describes data mining as the automated process of discovering patterns and knowledge from large data sets. The chapter outlines several key aspects of data mining, including the types of data that can be mined, the patterns that can be discovered, the technologies used, and its applications across various domains.
This document provides an introduction to data mining concepts and techniques. It discusses why data mining has become important due to the massive growth of digital data. Data mining aims to extract useful patterns from large datasets through techniques like generalization, association analysis, classification, and cluster analysis. It can be applied to many types of data and has uses in domains such as business, science, and healthcare to gain insights and make predictions.
01Introduction to data mining chapter 1.pptadmsoyadm4
This chapter introduces data mining and discusses its rise due to the massive growth of digital data. It describes data mining as the automated extraction of meaningful patterns from large data sets, and notes it draws on techniques from machine learning, statistics, pattern recognition, and database systems. The chapter outlines different types of data that can be mined, patterns that can be discovered, and applications of data mining in various domains including business, science, and on the web.
This document provides an introduction to data mining concepts and techniques. It discusses why data mining has become important due to the massive growth of digital data. Data mining aims to extract useful patterns from large datasets through techniques like generalization, association analysis, classification, and cluster analysis. It can be applied to many types of data and has uses in domains such as business, science, and healthcare to help analyze data and discover useful knowledge.
This chapter introduces data mining and discusses its rise due to the massive growth of digital data. It describes data mining as the automated extraction of meaningful patterns from large data sets, and notes it draws on techniques from machine learning, statistics, pattern recognition, and database systems. The chapter outlines different types of data that can be mined, patterns that can be discovered, and applications of data mining in various domains including business, science, and on the web.
This document provides an overview of data warehousing and data mining. It defines data warehousing as a process that transforms data from various sources into a consistent and integrated store to support analysis and decision making. Key components of a data warehouse architecture include source data, data staging, data storage, and information delivery tools. The document also describes OLAP and multidimensional analysis. It then defines data mining as the process of finding hidden patterns in data and lists some common data mining techniques like the Apriori algorithm and decision trees.
Data mining involves discovering interesting patterns from large amounts of data. It is an outgrowth of database technology that has wide applications. The data mining process includes data cleaning, integration, selection, transformation, mining, pattern evaluation, and knowledge presentation. Data mining can operate on various data sources and provides techniques for characterization, classification, clustering, association analysis and other functions to discover useful knowledge from data.
Jiawei Han, Micheline Kamber and Jian Pei
Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques, 3rd ed.
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Data mining
1. Data Mining:
Concepts and Techniques
By Akannsha A. Totewar
Professor at YCCE,
Wanadongari,
Nagpur.
1 Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques November 24, 2012
2. Chapter 1. Introduction
Motivation: Why data mining?
What is data mining?
Data Mining: On what kind of data?
Data mining functionality
Are all the patterns interesting?
Classification of data mining systems
Major issues in data mining
2
3. Why Mine Data? Commercial Viewpoint
Lots of data is being collected
and warehoused
Web data, e-commerce
purchases at department/
grocery stores
Bank/Credit Card
transactions
Computers have become cheaper and more powerful
Competitive Pressure is Strong
Provide better, customized services for an edge (e.g. in
Customer Relationship Management)
4. Motivation: ―Necessity is the Mother of
Invention‖
Data explosion problem
Automated data collection tools and mature database technology
lead to tremendous amounts of data stored in databases, data
warehouses and other information repositories
We are drowning in data, but starving for knowledge!
Solution: data mining
Extraction of interesting knowledge (rules, regularities, patterns,
constraints) from data in large databases
4
5. Evolution of Database Technology
1960s:
Data collection, database creation, IMS and network DBMS
1970s:
Relational data model, relational DBMS implementation
1980s:
RDBMS, advanced data models (extended-relational, OO,
deductive, etc.) and application-oriented DBMS (spatial, scientific,
engineering, etc.)
1990s—2000s:
Data mining and data warehousing, multimedia databases, and
Web databases
5
6. What is Data Mining?
Many Definitions
Extraction of implicit, previously unknown and
potentially useful information from data
Exploration & analysis, by automatic or
semi-automatic means, of large quantities of data
in order to discover meaningful patterns
7. What Is Data Mining?
Data mining (knowledge discovery in databases):
Extraction of interesting (non-trivial, implicit, previously
unknown and potentially useful) information or patterns from
data in large databases
Alternative names :
Knowledge discovery(mining) in databases (KDD),
knowledge extraction, data/pattern analysis, data
archeology, data dredging, information harvesting, business
intelligence, etc.
What is not data mining?
(Deductive) query processing.
Expert systems or statistical programs
7
8. What is (not) Data Mining?
What is not Data Mining? What is Data Mining?
– Look up phone number in
phone directory – Certain names are more prevalent in
certain US locations (O’Brien, O’Rurke,
O’Reilly… in Boston area)
– Query a Web search
engine for information – Group together similar documents returned
about ―Amazon‖ by search engine according to their context
(e.g. Amazon rainforest, Amazon.com,)
9. Origins of Data Mining
Draws ideas from machine learning/AI, pattern
recognition, statistics, and database systems
Traditional Techniques
may be unsuitable due to
Enormity of data Statistics/ Machine Learning/
AI Pattern
High dimensionality
Recognition
of data
Heterogeneous, Data Mining
distributed nature
of data
Database
systems
10. Decisions in Data Mining
Databases to be mined
Relational, transactional, object-oriented, object-relational, active,
spatial, time-series, text, multi-media, heterogeneous, legacy,
WWW, etc.
Knowledge to be mined
Characterization, discrimination, association, classification,
clustering, trend, deviation and outlier analysis, etc.
Multiple/integrated functions and mining at multiple levels
Techniques utilized
Database-oriented, data warehouse (OLAP), machine learning,
statistics, visualization, neural network, etc.
Applications adapted
Retail, telecommunication, banking, fraud analysis, DNA mining, stock
market analysis, Web mining, Weblog analysis, etc.
11. Data Mining Tasks
Prediction Tasks
Use some variables to predict unknown or future values of
other variables
Description Tasks
Find human-interpretable patterns that describe the data.
Common data mining tasks
Classification [Predictive]
Clustering [Descriptive]
Association Rule Discovery [Descriptive]
Sequential Pattern Discovery [Descriptive]
Regression [Predictive]
Deviation Detection [Predictive]
12. Data Mining— Potential
Applications
Database analysis and decision support
◦ Market analysis and management
target marketing, customer relation management, market
basket analysis, cross selling, market segmentation
◦ Risk analysis and management
Forecasting, customer retention, improved underwriting,
quality control, competitive analysis
◦ Fraud detection and management
Other Applications
◦ Text mining (news group, email, documents) and Web analysis.
◦ Intelligent query answering
1
2
13. Other Applications
Sports
IBM Advanced Scout analyzed NBA game statistics (shots
blocked, assists, and fouls) to gain competitive advantage for
New York Knicks and Miami Heat
Astronomy
JPL and the Palomar Observatory discovered 22 quasars with
the help of data mining
Internet Web Surf-Aid
IBM Surf-Aid applies data mining algorithms to Web access logs
for market-related pages to discover customer preference and
behavior pages, analyzing effectiveness of Web
marketing, improving Web site organization, etc.
1
3
14. Data Mining: A KDD Process
Pattern Evaluation
◦ Data mining: the core of
knowledge discovery Data Mining
process.
Task-relevant Data
Data Warehouse Selection
Data Cleaning
Data Integration
1
4 Databases
15. Steps of a KDD Process
Learning the application domain:
◦ relevant prior knowledge and goals of application
Creating a target data set: data selection
Data cleaning and preprocessing: (may take 60% of effort!)
Data reduction and transformation:
◦ Find useful features, dimensionality/variable reduction, invariant
representation.
Choosing functions of data mining
◦ summarization, classification, regression, association, clustering.
Choosing the mining algorithm(s)
Data mining: search for patterns of interest
Pattern evaluation and knowledge presentation
◦ visualization, transformation, removing redundant patterns, etc.
Use of discovered knowledge
1
5
16. Data Mining and Business Intelligence
Increasing potential
to support
business decisions End User
Making
Decisions
Data Presentation Business
Analyst
Visualization Techniques
Data Mining Data
Information Discovery Analyst
Data Exploration
Statistical Analysis, Querying and Reporting
Data Warehouses / Data Marts
OLAP, MDA DBA
Data Sources
1 Paper, Files, Information Providers, Database Systems, OLTP
6
17. Architecture of a Typical Data Mining
System
Graphical user interface
Pattern evaluation
Data mining engine
Knowledge-base
Database or data
warehouse server
Data cleaning & data integration Filtering
Data
Databases Warehouse
1
7
18. Data Mining: On What Kind of Data?
Relational databases
Data warehouses
Transactional databases
Advanced DB and information repositories
Object-oriented and object-relational databases
Spatial databases
Time-series data and temporal data
Text databases and multimedia databases
Heterogeneous and legacy databases
WWW
1
8
19. Data Mining Functionalities (1)
Concept description: Characterization and
discrimination
◦ Generalize, summarize, and contrast data
characteristics, e.g., dry vs. wet regions
Association (correlation and causality)
◦ Multi-dimensional vs. single-dimensional association
◦ age(X, ―20..29‖) ^ income(X, ―20..29K‖) buys(X,
―PC‖) [support = 2%, confidence = 60%]
◦ contains(T, ―computer‖) contains(x, ―software‖) [1%,
75%]
1
9
20. Data Mining Functionalities (2)
Classification and Prediction
◦ Finding models (functions) that describe and distinguish classes
or concepts for future prediction
◦ E.g., classify countries based on climate, or classify cars based
on gas mileage
◦ Presentation: decision-tree, classification rule, neural network
◦ Prediction: Predict some unknown or missing numerical values
Cluster analysis
◦ Class label is unknown: Group data to form new classes, e.g.,
cluster houses to find distribution patterns
◦ Clustering based on the principle: maximizing the intra-class
similarity and minimizing the interclass similarity
2
0
21. Data Mining Functionalities (3)
Outlier analysis
Outlier: a data object that does not comply with the general behavior of
the data
It can be considered as noise or exception but is quite useful in fraud
detection, rare events analysis
Trend and evolution analysis
Trend and deviation: regression analysis
Sequential pattern mining, periodicity analysis
Similarity-based analysis
2 Other pattern-directed or statistical analyses
1
22. Are All the ―Discovered‖ Patterns
Interesting?
A data mining system/query may generate thousands of patterns,
not all of them are interesting.
◦ Suggested approach: Human-centered, query-based, focused mining
Interestingness measures: A pattern is interesting if it is easily
understood by humans, valid on new or test data with some degree
of certainty, potentially useful, novel, or validates some hypothesis
that a user seeks to confirm
Objective vs. subjective interestingness measures:
◦ Objective: based on statistics and structures of patterns, e.g., support,
confidence, etc.
◦ Subjective: based on user’s belief in the data, e.g., unexpectedness,
2 Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques
novelty, actionability, etc. November 24, 2012
2
23. Can We Find All and Only Interesting
Patterns?
Find all the interesting patterns: Completeness
◦ Can a data mining system find all the interesting patterns?
◦ Association vs. classification vs. clustering
Search for only interesting patterns: Optimization
◦ Can a data mining system find only the interesting patterns?
◦ Approaches
First general all the patterns and then filter out the uninteresting
ones.
Generate only the interesting patterns—mining query
optimization
2 Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques November 24, 2012
3
24. Data Mining: Confluence of Multiple
Disciplines
Database
Statistics
Technology
Machine
Data Mining Visualization
Learning
Information Other
Science Disciplines
2 Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques November 24, 2012
4
25. Data Mining: Classification
Schemes
General functionality
Descriptive data mining
Predictive data mining
Different views, different classifications
Kinds of databases to be mined
Kinds of knowledge to be discovered
Kinds of techniques utilized
Kinds of applications adapted
2 Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques November 24, 2012
5
26. A Multi-Dimensional View of Data
Mining Classification
Databases to be mined
Relational, transactional, object-oriented, object-
relational, active, spatial, time-series, text, multi-
media, heterogeneous, legacy, WWW, etc.
Knowledge to be mined
Characterization, discrimination, association, classification, cluste
ring, trend, deviation and outlier analysis, etc.
Multiple/integrated functions and mining at multiple levels
Techniques utilized
Database-oriented, data warehouse (OLAP), machine
learning, statistics, visualization, neural network, etc.
Applications adapted
2 Retail, telecommunication, banking, fraud analysis, DNA mining, stock
Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques November 24, 2012
6 market analysis, Web mining, Weblog analysis, etc.
27. OLAP Mining: An Integration of Data
Mining and Data Warehousing
Data mining systems, DBMS, Data warehouse
systems coupling
No coupling, loose-coupling, semi-tight-coupling, tight-coupling
On-line analytical mining data
integration of mining and OLAP technologies
Interactive mining multi-level knowledge
Necessity of mining knowledge and patterns at different levels of
abstraction by drilling/rolling, pivoting, slicing/dicing, etc.
Integration of multiple mining functions
2 Characterized and Techniques
Data Mining: Concepts classification, first clustering and then association
November 24, 2012
7
28. An OLAM Architecture
Mining query Mining result Layer4
User Interface
User GUI API
Layer3
OLAM OLAP
Engine Engine OLAP/OLAM
Data Cube API
Layer2
MDDB
MDDB
Meta Data
Filtering&Integration Database API Filtering
Layer1
Data cleaning Data
2 Databases Data
Data Mining: Concepts andData integration Warehouse
Techniques November 24, 2012
8 Repository
29. Major Issues in Data Mining (1)
Mining methodology and user interaction
Mining different kinds of knowledge in databases
Interactive mining of knowledge at multiple levels of abstraction
Incorporation of background knowledge
Data mining query languages and ad-hoc data mining
Expression and visualization of data mining results
Handling noise and incomplete data
Pattern evaluation: the interestingness problem
Performance and scalability
Efficiency and scalability of data mining algorithms
2
Parallel, distributed and incremental mining methods
Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques November 24, 2012
9
30. Major Issues in Data Mining (2)
Issues relating to the diversity of data types
Handling relational and complex types of data
Mining information from heterogeneous databases and global
information systems (WWW)
Issues related to applications and social impacts
Application of discovered knowledge
Domain-specific data mining tools
Intelligent query answering
Process control and decision making
Integration of the discovered knowledge with existing knowledge: A
knowledge fusion problem
3
Protection of data security, integrity, and privacy
Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques November 24, 2012
0
31. Summary
Data mining: discovering interesting patterns from large amounts of
data
A natural evolution of database technology, in great demand, with
wide applications
A KDD process includes data cleaning, data integration, data
selection, transformation, data mining, pattern evaluation, and
knowledge presentation
Mining can be performed in a variety of information repositories
Data mining functionalities:
characterization, discrimination, association, classification, clustering,
outlier and trend analysis, etc.
Classification of data mining systems
3 Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques November 24, 2012
1 Major issues in data mining
32. A Brief History of Data Mining Society
1989 IJCAI Workshop on Knowledge Discovery in Databases
(Piatetsky-Shapiro)
Knowledge Discovery in Databases (G. Piatetsky-Shapiro and W. Frawley, 1991)
1991-1994 Workshops on Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (U. Fayyad, G. Piatetsky-
Shapiro, P. Smyth, and R. Uthurusamy, 1996)
1995-1998 International Conferences on Knowledge Discovery in
Databases and Data Mining (KDD’95-98)
Journal of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (1997)
1998 ACM SIGKDD, SIGKDD’1999-2001 conferences, and SIGKDD
Explorations
More conferences on data mining
3
Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques (IEEE) ICDM, etc.
PAKDD, PKDD, SIAM-Data Mining, November 24, 2012
2
33. Where to Find References?
Data mining and KDD (SIGKDD member CDROM):
Conference proceedings: KDD, and others, such as PKDD, PAKDD, etc.
Journal: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Database field (SIGMOD member CD ROM):
Conference proceedings: ACM-SIGMOD, ACM-PODS, VLDB, ICDE, EDBT,
DASFAA
Journals: ACM-TODS, J. ACM, IEEE-TKDE, JIIS, etc.
AI and Machine Learning:
Conference proceedings: Machine learning, AAAI, IJCAI, etc.
Journals: Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, etc.
Statistics:
Conference proceedings: Joint Stat. Meeting, etc.
Journals: Annals of statistics, etc.
Visualization:
Conference proceedings: CHI, etc.
3 Data Mining: Concepts and visualization and computer graphics, etc.
Journals: IEEE Trans. Techniques
November 24, 2012
3
34. References
U. M. Fayyad, G. Piatetsky-Shapiro, P. Smyth, and R. Uthurusamy. Advances in
Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. AAAI/MIT Press, 1996.
J. Han and M. Kamber. Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques. Morgan
Kaufmann, 2000.
T. Imielinski and H. Mannila. A database perspective on knowledge discovery.
Communications of ACM, 39:58-64, 1996.
G. Piatetsky-Shapiro, U. Fayyad, and P. Smith. From data mining to knowledge
discovery: An overview. In U.M. Fayyad, et al. (eds.), Advances in Knowledge
Discovery and Data Mining, 1-35. AAAI/MIT Press, 1996.
G. Piatetsky-Shapiro and W. J. Frawley. Knowledge Discovery in Databases.
AAAI/MIT Press, 1991.
3 Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques November 24, 2012
4