Information System.pptx

Information System
by
Dr. Irfan ul haq Akhoon

 An information system generally refers to the interrelated process of gathering, organizing, storing, retrieving and
disseminating information items.
 Information system (IS) may be defined as any organized system established for the collection, organization, storage and
communication of information.
 More specifically, it is the collection of complementary networks that people and organizations use
to collect, filter, process, create and distribute data.
 Information system is also known as information grid which means network of information center at different levels
working in perfect harmony and close co-operation with each other with the objectives of storing and disseminating
information.
Information System: Concept

Objectives of an Information System
 Information system is designed to collect, transmit, process and store relevant data to be utilized by
management to make decisions with regards to an organization's progress.
 Various kinds of information systems are tailored to transaction processing, management, decision
support and strategy.
 To provides informational support for decision makers within an organization or company,
 To Maintains Union Catalogue of monograph, serials and non-book materials held in the libraries and
information centers of the Nation/Region/Subject.

Functions of an Information System
• Information systems and services may add value in information operations and enable their users
to generate genuinely new ideas.
• This may be done in a variety of ways, some of which are:
• Providing an information rich environment
• Including peripheral and speculative material in information service
• Providing inter-disciplinary information
• Indicating gaps in the knowledge
• Providing browsing facilities in the information services, etc.

Functions of an Information System
 Maintains the copies of union catalogue of other region/Subject/Nation so that union catalogue
enquiries relating to the entire countries holding can be handled at the regional level itself, thereby
reducing the traffic of international information center, etc.
 The most effective information systems process data in real time so managers can make effective
decisions with the most up-to-date information.
 The types of data organized by an information system include statistics regarding a company's
resources, programs, accomplishments and transactions.

Components of Information System
In simple form an information system is a group of components that interact to produce information for a specific group of
users.
Following are some of the main components of an Information System:
 Hardware- these are the devices like the monitor, processor, printer and keyboard, all of which work together to accept,
process, show data and information.
 Software- are the programs that allow the hardware to process the data.
 Databases- are the gathering of associated files or tables containing related data.
 Networks- are a connecting system that allows diverse computers to distribute resources.
 Procedures- are the commands for combining the components above to process information and produce the preferred
output.

Human Resources- Qualified people are a vital component of any information system. Technical personnel include development and
operations managers, business analysts, systems analysts and designers, database administrators, programmers, Computer
security specialists, and computer operators.
Libraries/Documentation/Information Centers: Libraries are by far the oldest institutions charged with the responsibility of collecting,
storing and disseminating of information.
Data Banks/Data Centers: The essential characteristic of data bank is storing information in a form (so data should be in a machine
readable files i.e. for storing and retrieving of data computer should be used) which will allow continuous updating, augmentation and
approach from different points of view and which has the capacity of supporting simultaneously a number of user at remote locations.

Information Analysis Centers: An information analysis center is a formally structured organizational unit,
specifically (but not necessarily exclusively) established for the purpose of acquiring, selecting, storing, retrieving,
evaluating, analyzing an synthesizing a body of information and/or data in a clearly defined specialized field or
pertaining to a specified mission
Referral Centers: These do not provide the user with the documents. Instead it refers or directs them to the source
from where they can get the data or the documents.
Mostly to secondary publication, information centers, professional organizations, research institutions, clearing
houses and individual scientist, etc.

Clearing Houses: A clearing house is a central agency for collection, classification and distribution of information.
It may include specialized information centers as well as conventional libraries. It represents a depository for document with the
additional objectives of servicing as a central agency engaged in the distribution of information.
Translation Centers, etc.: In modern times in any discipline literature are published in many languages as a result, scientist in
need of particular information find it difficult to be able to understand the contents of the documents.
To solve the problem, some national and international level organization comes forward to help the scientist in this regard. They
translate the content of the documents from one language to another to meet the needs of the user.

Information System.pptx

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Information System.pptx